ORGANISMS
&
POPULATION
3
Oye
.
a
6
Marks
.
①
②
③
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The major abiotic factors that affect organisms and their adaptations to these factors. It also covers population growth and interactions, including detrimental and beneficial interactions. definitions and examples of concepts such as homeostasis, adaptation, and population density. It also includes diagrams and tables to aid in understanding the material.
Typology: Study notes
2021/2022
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ORGANISMS
POPULATION
3 Oye
. a 6 Marks . ① (^) ② ③
SYNOPSIS
Organisms & Environment
Major Abiotic Factors
Response to Abiotic Factors
Adaptations
Populations & Population Growth
Population Interaction
NICHE
Niche is described as the habitat together with the
functional role in a community.
A Biome is a large regional unit characterized by fauna and flora in a specific climatic zone.
BIOME
The most ecologically relevant environmental factor. Temperature affects kinetics of enzymes,basal metabolism and other physiological functions of the organism. Eurythermal: They can tolerate and thrive in a wide range of temperatures. Stenothermal: They can tolerate only a narrow range of temperatures.
TEMPERATURE
WATER
Water is the most important factor influencing the life of organisms. For aquatic organisms the quality,chemical composition, pH of water is important. The salt concentration is less than 5% in inland waters, 30-35% the sea and greater than 100% in some hypersaline lagoons.
LIGHT
Many plants depend on sunlight for photoperiodism eg: flowering. Many animals use the diurnal and seasonal variations in light intensity and photoperiod for timing their foraging, reproductive & migratory activities. Among the red, green and brown algae that inhabit the sea, red algae is likely to be found in the deepest waters.
SOIL
The nature and properties of soil in different places vary. It is dependent on the climate, the weathering process, sedimentation method of soil development etc. These characteristics and parameters such as pH, mineral composition & topography determine the vegetation and animals in an area.
Organisms are classified into stenohaline and euryhaline
based on the salt concentration. Justify.
dns :
Euryhaline
q
Sleyohacine
Can sea water organisms can survive in fresh water for
long. If so give reason?
No -
Osmotic problems .
RESPONSE TO ABIOTIC FACTORS
RESPONSES TO ABIOTIC FACTORS
Organisms maintain a constant internal environment despite varying external environmental conditions. This is known as Homeostasis. (1) Regulators (2) (^) Conformers ④ (^) Migrate (4) ⑤ ormant] Suspend .
Conform
The body temperature or osmotic concentration change with the surrounding conditions. They are called conformers. Eg: Majority of animals and all plants. In aquatic animals, osmotic concentration of body fluids changes with that of the ambient osmotic concentration. Very small animals are rare in Polar regions.
Some species have evolved the ability to regulate, but only over a limited range of environmental conditions, beyond which they simply conform. They are called partial Regulators. Partial Regulators-