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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 16 : Cloud computing Submission date 17/06/2022 Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Võ Minh Quốc Student ID GCD Class GCD0904 Assessor name Tran Trong Minh Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature Quoc Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 D
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- Chapter 1 - Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing (P1)
- History of Cloud Computing
- Definition of cloud computing:
- The need for cloud computing in the real world:
- Five essential characteristics of cloud computing:..........................................................................
- Cloud computing paradigms:.........................................................................................................
- (P2) Chapter 2 - Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario.
- Cloud Computing Architecture:
- Cloud architecture design for ATN company:
- Introduction to the problems of ATN:
- Overview solutions for ATN:
- Chapter 3 - Discuss why an organization should migrate to Cloud Computing solution:
- The comparation between Cloud server and Local server:
- The benefits of migrating to cloud computing:
- Chapter 4 - Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario. (P3)
- Four deployment models of cloud computing:
- Deployment model for ATN company:
- Cloud service models:
- The comparation of three service models:
- Service model for ATN company:
- Chapter 6 - Demonstrate these deployment models with real world examples.
- Real world example of public cloud:
- Real world example of private cloud:
- Real world example of community cloud:
- Real world example of hybrid cloud:............................................................................................
- Chapter 7 - Justify the tools chosen to realise a Cloud Computing solution......................................
- Deployment frameworks and service:..........................................................................................
- Technical specs:
- REFERENCE
- Figure 1. Five essential characteristics according to NIST
- Figure 2. Components of HPC cluster............................................................................................................
- Figure 3.Grid Computing Architecture
- Figure 4. Cloud Computing Architecture
- Figure 5. Cloud Architecture
- Figure 6. The cloud architecture design for ATN company.........................................................................
- Figure 7. The statistics of the impact of the Cloud Computing
- Figure 8. Types of cloud deployment
- Figure 9. Private cloud
- Figure 10. Public cloud
- Figure 11. Community cloud........................................................................................................................
- Figure 12. Hybrid cloud
- Figure 13. Examples of each type of cloud service model and its targeted audience.
- SaaS. Figure 14. User and service provider responsibilities of cloud service models: (a) IaaS, (b) PaaS, and (c)
- Figure 15. Deployment and delivery of different cloud service delivery models.
- Figure 16. Overview of IaaS
- Figure 17. Services provided by IaaS providers...........................................................................................
- Figure 18. Overview of PaaS
- Figure 19. Services provided PaaS providers
- Figure 20. Services provided by SaaS providers.
- Figure 21. Google Cloud Platform
- Figure 22. Google Cloud
- Figure 23. Amazon Web Services
- Figure 24. Heroku.........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 25. Pull request..................................................................................................................................
- Figure 26. MongoDB
virtual space through the delivered service of the providers such as Microsoft delivers Microsoft Azure cloud computing or Amazon has Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud computing. Those companies mentioned and others deploy and deliver cloud services that allow their users to store information, and applications,... and retrieve them on remote servers based on the demand of customers and then use the Internet to access their data. Furthermore, resources in Cloud-Computing are utilized as an aggregated virtual computer, this provides an environment for an application to execute separately with no regard for any particular configuration.
3. The need for cloud computing in the real world:
Convenience and dependability are the primary reasons for the necessity for the usage of cloud computing. Previously, we had to save a file on a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or compact disc (CD) if we want to bring it to a new location. Alternatively, storing a file to the cloud (for example, using the cloud program Dropbox) assures that we may access it from any computer with an Internet connection. The cloud also makes it possible to share a file with others, allowing for web-based collaboration. Losing our data/file is significantly less likely when we use the cloud. However, as with everything online, there is always the possibility that someone would attempt to obtain access to our personal data, therefore it is critical to select an access permissions with a strong password and focus on any privacy settings for the cloud service that we have been using.
4. Five essential characteristics of cloud computing:
There are five characteristics of Cloud Computing, including on-demand self-service, broad network access, elastic resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service , and without any of them, cloud computing is not still cloud computing anymore. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Figure 1. Five essential characteristics according to NIST
- On-demand self-service : A customer can supply computational capabilities same as server time and network storage as required not needing human contact with the provider of each service. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.)
- Broad network access : Resources are made available across the network and may be accessed using standard procedures that encourage the usage of diverse thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops,...) (Chandrasekaran, n.d.)
- Elastic resource pooling : Using a multitenant model, the provider's computer shares resources to service numerous clients, with distinct physical and virtual resources constantly allocated and reallocated based on consumer requests. There is a notion of location independence in that the customer normally has no control or knowledge over the specific location of the delivered resources but may be able to designate the location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or data center). Storage, computation, memory, and network bandwidth are examples of resources. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.)
- Rapid elasticity : Capabilities can be provided swiftly and elastically, in some circumstances dynamically, to immediately expand out and rapidly withdraw to rapidly scale in. To the client, the provisioning capabilities appear to be limitless and may be purchased in any number at whatever time. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.)
- Measured service : Cloud systems regulate and optimize resource utilization automatically by exploiting metering capabilities at some abstract level suited to any kind of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource utilization may be monitored, regulated, and reported, giving transparency to both the service provider and the service customer. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.)
5. Cloud computing paradigms:
A. HPC:
The capacity to handle data and conduct complicated computations at enormous speed is known as high performance computing (HPC). The capacity to handle data and conduct complicated computations at enormous speed is known as high performance computing (HPC). To put this into context, a 3 GHz CPU on a laptop or desktop computer can accomplish roughly 3 billion computations a second. While this is far quicker than any person, it pales in contrast to HPC systems that can execute quadrillions of computations per second. (Anon., n.d.)
controlled by middleware software to allow remote access and utilization of resources. Grid services are the middleware-based management of grid resource activities. Access control, security, data access, including digital libraries and databases, and access to large-scale interactive and long-term storage facilities are all provided by grid services.
Chapter 2 - Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a
given scenario. (P2)
1. Cloud Computing Architecture:
All types of companies use cloud computing systems to store data on the cloud so that they may access it anytime they want. In general, there are two types of cloud computing architecture. Front end and back end are two different things. The internet is used to connect both ends. The back end is in charge of ensuring the security of data for cloud users. Back end is used by the service providers. It is in charge of all of the resources required to provide services. It consists of a security system, a huge amount of data storage, servers, virtual machines, traffic management methods, and deployment models, among other things. Users, on the other hand, interact with the front end. On order to have access to cloud computing in the front end, client-side APIs and apps are required. Tablets, online servers, and mobile devices are all part of it. Because the cloud stores a wide range of data from a wide range of users, cloud access mechanisms differ from those used for traditional storage. The maximum number of providers conduct multiple access systems. The following are some aspects of cloud computing architecture:
- Infrastructure for the client : It is a component of the front end. Client infrastructure provides a Graphical User Interface for interacting with the cloud.
- Internet: The internet is a communication channel that allows both sides to interact with one other.
- Application: It might be any software or platform to which the user wishes to gain access. Figure 4. Cloud Computing Architecture
- Services: It provides three types of services, including: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.
- Runtime Cloud: Runtime Cloud provides virtual machines with execution and runtime environments.
- Storage: One of the most significant aspects of cloud computing design is storage. It provides a vast quantity of cloud storage capacity for storing and managing data.
- Infrastructure: It provides services at three levels: application, host, and network. It consists of both hardware and software components.
- Management: It is used to handle all back end aspects such as applications, services, runtime clouds, storage, infrastructure, and security problems. It also creates a sense of unity among them.
- Security: A security mechanism is implemented on the back end. The cloud architecture may be separated into four tiers based on the user's access to the cloud. They are listed below. Layer 1 (User/Client Layer): This is the bottom layer of the cloud architecture. This layer contains all users or clients. This is the location where the client/user begins the cloud connection. The client can be any device, such as a thin client, thick client, mobile or portable device that supports basic web application functionality. A thin client is a device that is fully reliant on another system for its whole operation. Simply put, they have a very limited processing capability. Similarly, thick clients are general-purpose PCs with considerable processing power. They are capable of doing autonomous work. A cloud application is often accessed in the same manner that a web application is. However, the features Figure 5. Cloud Architecture
as well as a highly efficient algorithm for transferring data from the data centre to the manager. A cloud can have several data centres, and multiple clouds can share a single data centre. As a result, this is cloud architecture. The layering is tight, and every cloud application must adhere to it. Depending on how the cloud is delivered, there may be some loose separation between layers 3 and 4. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.)
2. Cloud architecture design for ATN company:
Figure 6. The cloud architecture design for ATN company As we can see, the ATN's cloud architecture should be built in the same way as the framework design, as seen in above figure. All of shop are allowed to insert data into the firm’s database, but for the executive (director) of the ATN company have more permission, including monitor, export and can modify data if necessary. To communicate with database, end-users including executive, shop managers have to use the web application interface of Cloud service. The database is rented and managed through a contract with a cloud database hosting solution provider. Once this cloud architecture framework is implemented, the company's data will be exchanged more efficient, faster and simpler compared to the conventional technique, and also the security will be guarantee by the cloud computing provider.
3. Introduction to the problems of ATN:
ATN is a Vietnamese corporation that sells toys to teens in a number of areas around the country. The firm generates over $700,000 in annual income. At the moment, each shop has its own database for storing transactions specific to that shop. Each store is required to transmit sales data to the board director
on a monthly basis, and the board director requires a significant amount of time to compile the data from all of the shops. Aside from that, the board is unable to view real-time stock information updates.
4. Overview solutions for ATN:
According to the given circumstances, ATN creates a significant income and a massive data collection. Presently, every shop has its database to keep transactions annually, and all branch of store have to send data to the executives. The data obtained took a long time for management to summarize. ATN should employ cloud computing services in this instance for the following reasons: To begin with, managers may use cloud computing to handle all of the branch store data from anywhere if have an internet connection. And using cloud computing also have one more benefit which its flexibility. The corporate chain may operate at any time, resulting in fewer corporate workstations. Additionally, cloud computing enables business leaders to keep a close eye on their operations. Information security is always a highly significant problem, vital for enterprises, in ATN's commercial activities, or in any industry. Should always compute that the security of a virtual Cloud Server is at the highest degree possible, and that it has been improved many times over traditional servers. Furthermore, the firm does not need to be concerned about data backup strategies. As long as the firm uses the internet, data will always be accessible. All data loss issues and catastrophe plans will be solved by utilizing corporate cloud computing. Users will find it simple to access because to the cloud approach. Because it enables store managers and employees to use a vendor's technology service in the cloud without having any prior knowledge or expertise with that technology, and independent of the infrastructure required to support that technology. Data recovery is one of the many redundant or repetitive operations that cloud computing removes. It's also a terrific way for businesses to boost performance by allowing team shops to readily exchange data at any moment. IT will not have to spend as much time installing new gear, software, or reconfiguring devices using cloud computing. Don't waste time looking for information, and always move data inside the firm. It gives everyone access to the same technological platform, making it easier for everyone to work together. In addition, service fees are determined by storage capacity, storage and number of users, as well as time and storage. As a result, ATN may easily set its budget in order to save money. Instead of installing servers, setting up settings, and licensing, you can quickly purchase extra storage and increase your storage plan in minutes if your data becomes overwhelming.
The data is also saved remotely and never on your computer, so it does not take up unnecessary space. Your data will be protected in the cloud even if there are technical challenges on-site. Another advantage is that you may access the data saved in the cloud from any location with an internet connection. (Anon., n.d.) Cons:
- Data cannot be accessed without the internet.
- Data extraction from the cloud On the other hand, one disadvantage of using the internet is that if your internet connection is not very powerful, you may have difficulty obtaining the data. However, certain software allows you to view the data when offline. However, you will either be unable to change the data offline or you will be able to edit it and then sync it later. You should also consider how easy it would be to move the data if you stopped utilizing the cloud. (Anon., n.d.) Local server: You may already have a local server available in your research group, department, or institute. Instead of storing your microscope data in the microscope computer, you move it to another storage device so that you may access it from other computers and ensure that the microscope computer does not become overburdened with data in a single day. (Anon., n.d.) Pros :
- Up/download speed
- System set-up control
- Security The first advantage of utilizing a local server is speed. The speed relates to how quickly you can upload/download data to the server. You also have complete control over the system configuration to ensure that it meets your particular requirements. (Anon., n.d.) Because you own the server entirely, you have total control over your backups and anything else related to data. It may also feel more safe to have a local server on-site because only you and your team can physically access it, as well as online. (Anon., n.d.) Cons:
- Installation of expensive hardware
- Will need maintenance
The biggest disadvantage of deploying a local server is that it must be installed and then maintained. Hardware can be expensive at times, and if difficulties develop, you will need to troubleshoot. Of course, this is where the IT guys would arrive to rescue the day! (Anon., n.d.)
2. The benefits of migrating to cloud computing:
Cloud Computing is crucial because it brings to us a bunch of benefits, such as reduced cost, and personnel optimization,... Below is a list of five main benefits of Cloud Computing.
- Cost savings : If you're concerned about the cost of making the move to cloud computing, you're not the only one. The initial expense of adopting a cloud-based server concerns 20% of organizations. However, those seeking to assess the benefits and drawbacks of adopting the cloud must consider more than simply the initial cost; they must also consider ROI. And when you're on the cloud, having fast access to your company's data will save you time & expense when starting new projects. And, for those cautious about paying for capabilities they don't need or desire, numerous cloud computing services are pay as you go. This implies that even if you don't take use of what the cloud has to offer, you won't have to spend money on it. The pay-as-you-go method also applicable to the data storage space servicing your stakeholders and clients, which implies you'll only pay for what you use and won't be charged for what you don't. When these characteristics are combined, they result in lower costs and greater returns. Half of all CIOs and IT leaders polled by Bitglass claimed cost reductions from cloud-based apps in 2015. (Anon., n.d.)
- Flexibility : Your company has a limited amount of concentration to distribute across all of its duties. If your present IT solutions force you to devote too much of your time to computer and data-storage concerns, you won't be able to focus on meeting business objectives and delighting consumers. But on the other hand, by outsourcing the IT hosting and infrastructure, you will have much more time to devote to the areas of your organization that directly affect your bottom line. (Anon., n.d.)
- Scalability : The inherent scalability of cloud computing is one of its key advantages. The ability to readily (and rapidly) expand an IT system, for example, may have an instant and very far influence on the company. Scaling an environment on-demand was previously impossible since enterprises were Figure 7. The statistics of the impact of the Cloud Computing
D. Private cloud: Private cloud : The cloud infrastructure is designed for a single enterprise with several consumers to utilize exclusively (e.g., business units). It might be owned, managed, and operated by the organization, a third party, or a mix of the two, and it could be on or off- premises. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Characteristics : Secure : The private cloud is protected. This is because the private cloud is often implemented and controlled by the business itself, therefore there is no risk of data leakage from the cloud. In the case of outsourcing cloud, the service supplier may observe the cloud (albeit SLAs regulate this), but there is no danger from anyone else because all users are from the same enterprise. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Central Control : Because the private cloud is most often controlled by the business, the company has complete control over the cloud. As a result, when the organization manages itself, there is no need for the organization to depend on anyone else. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Weak SLAs : In a private cloud, formal SLAs may or not exist. However, if they exist, they are weak because they are between the organization and its consumers. As a result, high availability and quality service may or may not be accessible. This is determined by the organization in charge of the cloud. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Suitability: Below here is the several occasions and environments that suit deploying this cloud model:
- Organizations or businesses that demand their own cloud for personal or business purposes.
- Organizations or businesses have appropriate financial resources, as operating and sustaining a cloud is an expensive endeavor.
- Organizations or businesses that place a premium on data security.
- Organizations that desire total cloud autonomy and control.
- The organizations with the smallest user base.
- Organizations that have pre-built infrastructure for cloud deployment and are prepared to maintain the cloud on a regular basis to ensure efficient operation. Figure 9. Private cloud
- Special precautions should be taken, and troubleshooting resources should be available. And there are some conditions that private cloud is not suitable for deploy:
- The organizations with the huge number of users
- The organizations with the problems or limitations in their finance
- Organizations that don't have a ready-made infrastructure
- Organizations with insufficient human resources to maintain and administer the cloud
- Advantages and disadvantages: Advantages Disadvantages It delivers security and privacy in a high level to the user. Budget is a restriction for the private cloud. It delivers security and privacy in a high level to the user. SLAs for private clouds are lax. It is managed by the company. E. Public cloud: Public cloud : The cloud infrastructure is available for general public usage. It might be owned, controlled, and operated by a corporation, academic institution, government agency, or some hybrid of these. It resides on the cloud supplier's premises. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Characteristics: Highly scalable: The public cloud has a great degree of scalability. The resources in the public cloud are plentiful, and service providers ensure that all demands are met. As a result, the public cloud is supposed to be scalable. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Affordable: The public cloud is available to the public on a pay-as-you-go basis, so the user only pays for what he or she uses (frequently on a per-hour basis). And there is no expense associated with the implementation. (Chandrasekaran, n.d.) Figure 10. Public cloud
