PALS Conclusion ;Final Assessment, Exams of Medicine

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A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatric urgent care clinic by the parent who says that the child has

had a barking cough for two days. During the rapid assessment of the

child, the provider hears audible inspiratory stridor. Which common

cause of partial upper airway obstruction in children would the provider

most likely suspect?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Epiglottitis

Asthma

Croup

Pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER -Croup

A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child

experiencing cardiac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be

appropriate?

Select all correct options that apply.

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)

Asystole

Ventricular fibrillation (VF)

Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) - CORRECT ANSWER -

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)

Ventricular fibrillation (VF)

An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department. After a quick assessment, the team realizes this patient is experiencing a severe asthma exacerbation. Which medication would the team administer immediately?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Terbutaline

Magnesium sulfate

Albuterol with or without ipratropium bromide

Prednisone - CORRECT ANSWER -Albuterol with or without ipratropium bromide

An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and dyspnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care, preparing to administer which agent first?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Methylprednisolone

Epinephrine

Diphenhydramine

Select all correct options that apply.

Hypotension

Diminished peripheral pulses

Capillary refill < 2 seconds

Acutely altered mental status - CORRECT ANSWER -Hypotension

Diminished peripheral pulses

Acutely altered mental status

A child exhibiting a narrow-complex tachycardia with adequate perfusion is to receive adenosine. The provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Transient asystole

Transient atrial flutter

Transient tachycardia

Transient bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER -Transient asystole

A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for this patient?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Assisted ventilation

Bronchodilator administration

Airway clearance (e.g., suctioning)

Advanced airway - CORRECT ANSWER -Airway clearance (e.g., suctioning)

A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as indicating which arrhythmia?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I

Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type II

First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block

Third-degree (complete) atrioventricular (AV) block - CORRECT ANSWER -First- degree atrioventricular (AV) block

An unresponsive 7-year-old child with no pulse is brought to the pediatric urgent care center by his parents and CPR is initiated. The cardiac monitor reveals ventricular fibrillation. Which action would the PALS team take first?

Select the correct answer to this question.

Continue with CPR.

Administer epinephrine.

Initiate cardioversion.

Initiate defibrillation with 2 J/kg. - CORRECT ANSWER -Initiate defibrillation with 2 J/kg.