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PATH CTRI CertificatioN Quizzes Solved 100%
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position of the rider that requires the minimum of muscular effort to remain in saddle and that interferes the least with the horses movements and equilibrium - ANS balanced seat part of the reigns passing between thumb fingers and top of hands - ANS bight of the reigns defect that hurts an equines appearance but doesn't hurt it's working ability - ANS blemish animal breaking out of control or trying to run away - ANS bolting tamed/trained to a particular function OR to leave or alter gate - ANS broke 3 - beat gait in which the 1st and 3rd beats are made by 2 legs striking the ground independently and the second beat is made by 2 limbs striking the ground simultaneously - ANS canter or lope Right hind, left hind/right fore, left fore - ANS left lead canter left hind, right hind/left fore, right fore - ANS right lead canter headstall with large noseband for exercising or training horses - ANS caresson change of leading leg at canter - ANS change of lead girth of western saddle - ANS cinch
describes horse that humps its back and does not settle down until the saddle has been on a few minutes; some may tuck tails and arch back when mounted and others may take a few hops until warmed up - ANS cold-backed remaining on the bit, the horse moves forward with neck raised and arched as a result of energetic impulsion. lightness of forehand, engagement of hindquarters are called for; shorter stride but lighter and more mobile - ANS collected gaits way the horse is put together; its physique...good conformation means horse is able to work and stay sound - ANS conformation supplying movement deliberately asking for the opposite of normal lead; like right lead on circle to the left - ANS counter canter a way in which a rider in jumping position can maintain balance and control by placing each hand firmly on top of the crest - ANS crest release riding whip with a short, straight stock and loop - ANS crop gait defect that occurs when the inside of the hind foot strikes the diagonal foreleg - ANS cross- firing type of bit designed to exert a leverage type of action in the horses mouth - ANS curb bit direct reign puts pressure on the bit, directly back towards the rider. works in opposite direction of forward motion. makes the horse shorten its stride for the turn, so best used when you need more control or a tight turn - ANS direct reign steering time-tested, methodical progression of exercises designed to increase a horses muscular capabilities and degree of suppleness - ANS dressage
variation of travers, executed on the diagonal instead of along the wall. the horse, slightly bend around inside leg of rider should be as close as possible parallel to the long sides of the arena, the forehand slightly in advance of the quarters - ANS half-pass extended canter, but horse remains collected, unlike the flat-out run where the gait almost returns to four beat status - ANS hand gallop position where head and neck are carried relative to parallel; should have neck parallel to ground to slightly above parallel - ANS head carriage amount of flexion at the poll. should be perpendicular to the ground slightly towards the vertical - ANS headset person controlling horse during EAA lesson - ANS horse leader Engagement of the hind legs and rounding of the back, allowing the horse to move forward with greater energy. - ANS impulsion horses ability to curve or bend its body from head to tail - ANS lateral bend work on two tracks, in which horse is bent uniformly from poll to tail and moves with forehand and quarters on two diff. tracks shoulders in, haunches in, haunches out, and half passes are lateral movements - ANS lateral movement leading foot of horse; when cantering circularly, the foot to the inner arc of the circle clockwise, a right forehead, and counterclockwise is a left foot lead - ANS lead A suppling exercise designed to make a horse responsive to unilateral aids - ANS leg yield
Between the collected and extended. - ANS medium gait voice, seat (weight), legs, hands - ANS natural aids Left side of the horse - ANS nearside right side of horse - ANS offside hitting forefoot with hind foot - ANS overreach 2 beat gait where lateral limbs strike the ground at the same time - ANS pace general description of person who takes part in equine assisted activities and therapies - ANS participant when traveling on the rail or when working in a curved line, the rider rises (posts) when the horses outside shoulder moves foreword - ANS posting diagonal corrections made by CTRI to position riders body so it is aligned. posture is habitual - ANS postural corrections backward movement in which hooves are raised and set down almost simultaneously - ANS rein back regularity of footfall within each gait - ANS rhythm series of movements that blend together to look like one movement; incorporates a run or lope, balanced stop, a fast, smooth 180-degree pivot and fast break out of the rollback into a run or lope on proper lead - ANS rollback
equipment used in riding and driving horses - ANS tack therapeutic horsemanship that involves mounted activities in traditional riding disciplines or adaptive riding activities conducted by a professional certified instructor - ANS therapeutic riding narrow strap of bridal/headstall that goes under the throat and is used to secure the bridal to the head - ANS throat latch goes from hip, over the lion, through the back and neck. it consists of muscles the horse uses to carry itself through gaits look at topline to know if horse is balanced - ANS topline change of gait or speed - ANS transition short, quick, choppy stride usually seen in horses that have short steep patterns and straight shoulders - ANS trappy haunches in; horse lightly bent around the inside leg of rider, outside legs pass and cross in front of inside leg - ANS travers two beat gait in which the paired diagonal feet strike and leave the ground simultaneously between each beat there is a period where all four feet are off the ground - ANS trot The horse moves forward and diagonally at the same time - ANS two-track western exercise to help some horses learn to balance on their hocks, collect themselves and turn on their haunches - ANS turnback
first basic lateral leg aid exercise; can be used to move the horse over, turn around, or to open/close gaits while mounted - ANS turn on the forehand A serious condition that affects an equine's usefulness and way of moving. - ANS unsoundness even four beat gait
- left hind
- left fore
- right hind
- right fore - ANS walk Regular and unconstrained, energetic but calm, with even, elastic steps. - ANS working gait Movement away from the midline of the body
- ex: legs separating - ANS Abduction behavior that allows an individual to accommodate the natural and social demands of the environment - ANS adaptive behavior Movement toward the midline of the body
- ex: legs moving together... might have difficulty sitting on equine - ANS adduction lower leg/foot brace used to support foot and ankle for walking - ANS ankle-foot orthotic front of the body - ANS anterior lack of symmetry; used in reference to participant on the equine - ANS asymmetrical
disability that interrupts or delays the typical developmental sequence - ANS developmental disability quadriplegia with greater involvement of lower body than upper body arms and hands are less affected - ANS diplegia furthest from the trunk - ANS distal bending of ankle that brings toes up - ANS Dorsiflexion swelling - ANS edema seizure disorder - ANS Epilepsy A state of balance - ANS Equalibrium to straighten body or joint - ANS extension to rotate outward away from bodies midline ex: rotate hip so thigh is away from center and knee points out - ANS external rotation lack of tension in muscles; excessively relaxed or floppy - ANS flaccid to bend body or joint - ANS flexion paralysis on one side of body - ANS hemiplegia
straightening of joint beyond its normal position - ANS Hyperextension increased resting tension of muscle
- hard to move in certain ways - ANS hypertonia decreased resting tension of muscle
- hard to hold self up or move - ANS hypotonia inability to control bladder and/or bowels - ANS incontinence below or lower than - ANS inferior rotate toward midline - ANS internal rotation conscious perception of extent, direction, position, and weight of movement of body - ANS kinesthesia tall leg brace, up to mid thigh, that helps position/support leg for walking - ANS Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis (KAFO) abnormal spinal curve resulting in rounded upper back - ANS kyphosis side to side - ANS lateral tilting the head or trunk to the right or left at the midline - ANS lateral felxion abnormal spinal curvature resulting in arched lower back - ANS lordosis
nerves of the body other than brain and spinal chord - ANS peripheral nervous system persistence of one reply, ideal or motor response
- excessive repetition - ANS perseveration bending the ankle so the toes point down - ANS plantar flexion back of the body - ANS Posterior body position - ANS posture skill/performance of purposeful movement that involves motor planning - ANS praxis turning the palm of hand down to tipping the sole of the foot so the weight is shifted to the arch of the foot - ANS pronation position of body laying face down - ANS prone sense of body awareness in space - ANS proprioception Nearer to the trunk of the body - ANS proximal paralysis of all four extremities - ANS quadriplegia degree of free unrestricted motion of joint - ANS range of motion involuntary response to a stimulus - ANS reflex
turning a body part around its own axis - ANS rotation an atypical lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine - ANS scoliosis uncontrolled motor movements or changes in consciousness as a result of atypical electric activity in the brain - ANS seizure skill and performance in processing and responding to sensation input, motor input, and sensory feedback - ANS sensory integration clavicle, scapula, sternum... aka shoulder blade, collar bone, and breast bone - ANS shoulder girdle excess resting tension in muscle causing stiff awkward movements - ANS spasticity partial dislocation - ANS subluxation above or higher than - ANS superior turning palm up or shifting weight to outer edge of foot - ANS supination position of body lying flat on the back - ANS supine short foot-ankle brace used to support/position foot for walking - ANS Supra Malleolar Orthoses (SMO) affecting only one side - ANS unilateral
