Patho soft chalk
Quiz: inate immunity ANS: Examples of physical barriers include the stratified
squamous epithelium of the skin or the mucociliary escalator of the respiratory tract.
QUIZ: adaptive immunity ANS: the ability to recognize and remember specific
antigens and mount an attack on them
QUIZ: Lysosomes ANS: an antibiotic found in tears, saliva, and other body fluids,
provides a chemical barrier to infection.
QUIZ: Defensins are ANS: antimicrobial peptides found in various bodily secretions
QUIZ: Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) ANS: help the immune system recognize
foreign invaders by binding to the unique sugars (mannose) on the surface of foreign
invaders (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc). MBL is made by the liver and circulates in
plasma.
QUIZ: Opsonization ANS: An immune response in which the binding of antibodies to
the surface of a microbe facilitates phagocytosis of the the microbe by a macrophage
QUIZ: complement activation ANS: stimulates inflammation, attracts phagocytes, and
enhances phagocytosis
QUIZ: complement ANS: There are approximately 20 different complement proteins
that can undergo activation in several ways: 1) foreign proteins on the surface of
invaders, 2) MBL attaching to sugars on foreign invaders, or 3) antigen-antibody
reactions of specific immunity.
QUIZ: Chemotaxis ANS: attracts immune cells to the area
QUIZ: Direct cell killing ANS: (complement proteins can assemble themselves to
make "holes" in bacterial cell membranes, similar to the defensins)
QUIZ: anaphylatoxins ANS: C3a and C5a; directly stimulate mast cell release of
histamine
QUIZ: diapedesis: ANS: the passage of blood cells through the intact walls of the
capillaries, typically accompanying inflammation.
QUIZ: vasodilation ANS: increase in diameter of a blood vessel
