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Patho Week 2 Edapt Study Questions Guide
- What are the signs of acute inflammation? Select all that apply.: Pain Heat Rednes s Swellin g
- Which immune chemical mediators contribute to the swelling associated with acute inflammation? Select all that apply.: Leukotrienes Histamine Prostaglandi ns Kinins
- Which item causes chronic inflammation?: chart Foreign material that remains in the body 4.Acute vs. Chronic Inflammation: chart
- Healing by intention occurs when a wound is clean, free of foreign material, and the edges are held close together.: Primary 6.A client is seen in the emergency clinic after jumping off a ski lift and injuring their ankle. Which steps can the client take to reduce inflammation and pain? Select all that apply.: Elevate the injured site Rest the affected area Wrap the ankle Apply an ice pack
- Which factor can delay tissue healing from inflammation and injury?: Ad- vanced age 8. Scar tissue is and tends to over time, which can result in : Nonelastic Shrink Complications 9.A 72-year-old is recovering two days after having knee replacement surgery. The incision is going through which type of healing?: Primary intention 10. A client who has been experiencing stomach pains for the past three months visits the healthcare provider to receive the results of their diagnostic test. The client is informed the test revealed an ulcer with fibrosis, fibroblasts, and macrophages present. The client's treatment plan should address the inflammation pathologic process.: Chronic 11.On post-op day one following abdominal surgery, a client is experiencing pain, heat, and redness at the incision. Based on these findings, what conclu- sion can be made about the incision?: This is a normal inflammatory response. 12.Which characteristics below are expected during an acute or chronic inflammatory episode? Mark each characteristic under the appropriate type of inflammation.: chart 13.A client is seen in the clinic with a wrist injury. Which findings indicate clinical manifestations of systemic inflammation? Select all that apply.:
its action in the body.: chart 19.For each process, use the drop-down menu to indicate whether the process is active or passive.: chart
20. Examples of nonspecific defenses are the and antibacterial . These natural barriers prevent external substances, like bacteria, viruses, chemicals, and air pollution from entering our bodies. : Skin Mucous membranes 21.Which reason supports a healthcare provider ordering antibody testing in a client? Select all that apply.: All are correct. 22.A immune response occurs when an individual is exposed to an antigen for the first time and it generally can take up to two to develop antibodies. : Primary Weeks 23.Drag and drop each type of immunity to its description.: chart D 24.Match each type of immunity to its proper mechanism, memory, and exam- ple.: chart 25.A client is cleaning out their garden and gets bitten by a poisonous snake. Which immune cells containing specific antibodies may be administered to decrease the severity of the bite?: Immunoglobulins 26.How do symptoms and treatments play a role in the immune and inflamma- tory response? Match each sign or symptom to its immune response.: chart 27. A client is nearing the end of their pregnancy and is concerned about
their newborn being protected from illness in their first year of life. Which class of immunoglobulins will provide passive immunity for the new- born and is able to cross the placenta?: IgG
28. A client is nearing the end of their pregnancy and is concerned about their newborn being protected from illness in their first year of life. The nurse educates the client on the importance of following the schedule of vaccines as this will the risk for serious infections for the newborn.: Reduce 29. A client is nearing the end of their pregnancy and is concerned about their newborn being protected from illness in their first year of life. The nurse is educating the client on the benefits of breastfeeding and explains that the immunoglobulin is in the colostrum and provides antibody protection for newborns.: IgA 30. A client is nearing the end of their pregnancy and is concerned about their newborn being protected from illness in their first year of life. Which type of acquired immunity will the newborn receive when they start receiving their vaccinations?: Artificial Active 31.A person who has had unprotected sex is at the clinic to get screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Which diagnostic testing would the healthcare provider prescribe for the client?: Enzyme- linked im- munosorbent assay (ELISA) 32.A child is at the clinic with chickenpox and the mother is concerned
of reaction causes the individual to develop antibodies that attach to mast cells, causing which can lead to a life-threatening event.: Type I IgE Vasodilati on
42. A person was at a dinner party and consumed several courses of shellfish dishes. The person's face turns red and itchy and they suddenly experience difficulty breathing. Which prescription by the healthcare provider is the priority for the nurse to administer?: Administer epinephrine 43. A person was at a dinner party and consumed several courses of shellfish dishes. The person's face turns red and itchy and they suddenly experience difficulty breathing. The nurse recognizes that the client's anxiousness is an manifestation of the client's airway becoming : Early Constricted 44. A person was at a dinner party and consumed several courses of shellfish dishes. The person's face turns red and itchy and they suddenly experience difficulty breathing. To ensure the person is prepared for unintended food reactions in the future, which treatment does the person's partner plan to always have
available?: - EpiPen
45. Select the proper type of hypersensitivity reaction for each column below.- : chart 46.When an individual is hypersensitive or allergic to a specific thing, ex- cessive amounts of what are produced? Select all that apply.: Inflammatory mediators Immune mediators B- lymphocytes 47.Distinguish inflammatory cellular components from immunity responses and cellular components by dragging the items below to one of the two categories.: chart 48.A caregiver brings an infant to the healthcare provider's office with a skin rash on the abdomen and extremities with no signs of respiratory distress. The caregiver mentions changing the infant's formula. The nurse assesses the infant and identifies the infant most likely has manifestations of which condition?: Atopic dermatitis 49.Match each term to its definition.: chart 50.Individuals with primary immunodeficiency disorders are most at risk for which alteration in health?: Infection 51.How is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmitted? Select all that apply.: Vaginal secretions Seme n
infection control techniques
61. A person with a history of illegal drug use and type 2 diabetes has been experiencing flu-like symptoms of low-grade fever, weakness, arthralgia, and a headache for over a month. In the past few days, they have developed mouth sores and have no energy to get out of bed. Which cues indicate this person may have an immune system disorder? Select all that apply.: Headache Mouth sores No energy to get out of bed Flu-like symptoms greater than a month 62. A person with a history of illegal drug use and type 2 diabetes has been experiencing flu-like symptoms of low-grade fever, weakness, arthralgia, and a headache for over a month. In the past few days, they have developed mouth sores and have no energy to get out of bed. Based on the information provided, the person is most likely experiencing which alteration in health?: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 63. A person with a history of illegal drug use and type 2 diabetes has been experiencing flu-like symptoms of low-grade fever, weakness, arthralgia, and a headache for over a month. In the past few days, they have developed mouth sores and have no energy to get out of bed. Which type of test is used to confirm an infection with the human immunode- ficiency virus (HIV)?: Blood test
64. A person with a history of illegal drug use and type 2 diabetes has been experiencing flu-like symptoms of low-grade fever, weakness, arthralgia, and a headache for over a month. In the past few days, they have developed mouth sores and have no energy to get out of bed. Which treatment options can the person expect to treat their human immun- odeficiency virus (HIV) infection? : Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) 65.Select the correct link at each step of the chain of infection to match its description.: chart 66.What type of infections occur in hospitals, health care facilities, and doctor offices? Select all that apply.: Healthcare-acquired infection Nosocomial infection 67.Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for nosocomial infection?: A 32-year-old who is immunocompromised 68. Some infectious diseases are or ; others are , but may be contracted via contact with environmental reservoirs or animals. - : Communicable Contagious Noncommunica ble 69.During an oral procedure, the dental hygienist nicked the patient's gum with a sharp instrument. This allowed streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart).
Decreas e Control Rest 77.A teacher is educating another student about the importance of adequate nutrition to help maintain skin integrity. The teacher helps the student realize that maintaining intact skin tissue breaks the chain of infection by addressing the .: Portal of entry 78.Infections have varied patterns as defined by their characteristics or lo- cation. Rearrange the definitions in the right column below to match the corresponding type of infection.: Local infection Organism enters the body and is confined to that location. Systemic infection Infection spreads to other locations, including the circulatory system. Secondary infection It follows a primary infection and is caused by a pathogen other than that which caused the primary infection. Acute infection A short-lived infection appears rapidly with severe symptoms. Focal infection Pathogen spreads from a local infection to other tissues.
Chronic infection The infection continues for a longer period and has less severe symptoms. Mixed infection Several pathogens concurrently establish themselves at the same time. Primary infection It is the initial or first-time exposure to and being infected by a pathogen. Subclinical infection It does not cause apparent signs or symptoms, and may persist over a long period of time. 79.Which is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease?: Food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in food 80.In the scenario below, select the text that describes the signs or symptoms of infection.: chart 81.Which challenges can affect tissue integrity? Select all that apply.: All are correct. 82.Drag and drop to match the type of tissue to its corresponding role in the human body.: chart
83. Healing by intention occurs when margins are well approximated and is the fastest type of healing. Healing by intention occurs when wounds have distant edges and granulation tissue gradually fills the gap to close the wound.
Weight 90.Scenario : Based on Kay's complaints, which condition do you predict Kay is experiencing?: Infection
- Scenario : When Kay went to urgent care, the healthcare provider attempt- ed to promote healing by intention. However, due to the infection, Kay's wound was left to heal by intention after the remaining sutures were removed.: Primary Tertiary 92.Scenario : Three months after the wound injury, Kay's wound has finally scarred-over and she can resume her daily activities. Classify which stages of wound healing Kay had to go through to achieve recovery from the injury. Select all that apply.: Remodeling Inflammati on Proliferatio n 93.For each factor below, select your answer to indicate if the factor promotes or delays wound healing.: chart 94.Carolyn has been having bad allergies and is not sure what is causing them. Which tissue integrity test would most likely identify what Carolyn is reacting to?: Patch testing 95.Sammy has had an open wound for two weeks. The circumference of the wound has decreased in size but has not scarred yet. In which phase of healing is Sammy's wound?: Proliferation
96.Jane broke her knee falling off a horse and is now in a knee brace. Jane tells you that she must stretch her foot every hour and ice her knee. In which type of muscle is the inflammation caused by Jane's injury occurring?: Skeletal 97.Which describes the cause of pressure ulcers?: A wound that develops from continued pressure in a specific area of the skin 98.Which factors decrease the effectiveness of wound healing of a pressure ulcer? Select all that apply.: Uncontrolled blood sugar Inadequate protein intake Poor circulation to the wound area 99.Which intervention prevents the development of pressure ulcers?: Repo- sition the client every 1-2 hours, avoiding pressure on bony prominences.
- You are visiting a friend who lives in a skilled nursing facility. When you ask what the friend does during the day, she says that she mostly lays in bed. She is concerned that she is at risk of pressure ulcers. At each location of the body below, select the correct level of risk for developing ulcers.: chart
- Which predisposing or lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of pressure ulcer development? Select all that apply.: Diabetes Age Incontinen ce Sedentary lifestyle 102. The healing time of pressure ulcers is determined by the condition
Keep the head of the bed at 30 degrees
- Whic h layers of the skin are impacted by a Stage 4 pressure ulcer? Select all that apply.: Epidermis Hypoderm is Dermis
- Which of the following are increased risk factors for pressure ulcers? Select all that apply.: Poor nutrition Advanced age Immobility 111. You are seeing a 55-year-old client (preferred pronouns: he, him) in his home who has a foot ulcer. He has had this ulcer for a couple of months and gets dressing changes twice weekly. The client has a history of diabetes and hypertension and uses insulin to treat his high sugar levels. Knowing what you do about alterations in tissue integrity, you discuss the topics in the left column with the client. Match the recommendations in the left column with the rationales in the right column.: chart
- Your brother comes home from the hospital after having hip surgery. Which measure can you take to prevent pressure ulcers on his extremities while he is resting in bed?: Reposition him every 2 hours
- Which pathophysiological conditions can lead to skin rashes?
Select that all apply.: Fungal infection Bacterial infections Chemical Viral infections
- A child developed a rash after taking penicillin. What type of reaction is this?: Type I hypersensitivity reaction
- Drag and drop the correct type of skin rash to match the corresponding clinical manifestations.: chart
- Which of the following describes the cause of skin rashes?: An immune or inflammatory response that causes the skin to react to and fight a potential invader
- For each type of skin rash below, indicate if it is related to the environ- ment, genetics, or lifestyle.: chart
- What test can confirm the cause of a skin rash? Select the image to indicate your answer.: Chart
- contact dermatitis results when the skin comes into direct con- tact with a common irritant such as detergents, oils, and soaps. : Irritant
- Which type of skin rash can occur if someone is allergic to latex and puts on latex gloves?: Allergic Dermatitis 121. Due to sun exposure, Bella notices brown spots on her face. She also has a lot of redness in the t-zone of her face. Upon her visit to the dermatol- ogist, Bella discusses these two areas of concern and decides to have laser treatments.
