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Pediatrics PEARLS Exam Prep - Focused
Questions & Verified Answers 2026 / 2027
erythema toxicum NN: most common on - correct answer- face trunk proximal extremities heat rash aka - correct answer- miliaria miliaria patho - correct answer- transient skin disorder due to blockage of the eccrine sweat ducts increased counts of skin flora miliaria: most common form - correct answer- miliaria rubra miliaria: crystallina, profunda - correct answer- crystallina - tiny, friable, clear vesicles profunda - flesh-colored
cafe au lait macule association - correct answer- neurofibromatosis I --> especially if associated with axillary or inguinal freckling port wine stain tx - correct answer- pulse dye laser sturge-weber syndrome - correct answer- 1. facial port wine stains
- leptomeningeal angiomatosis
- ocular involvement mongolian spots now called - correct answer- congenital dermal melanocytosis nevus simplex aka - correct answer- stork bite stork bite patho - correct answer- areas of surface capillary dilation stork bite future - correct answer- most will fade & resolve spontaneously by age 2 *don't usually darken over time SSSS phases - correct answer- erythema phase
down syndrome heart defect - correct answer- AV septal defects down syndrome prenatal screening - correct answer- low PAPP-A increased nuchal fold thickness --> chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis marfan syndrome inheritance - correct answer- AD marfan syndrome patho - correct answer- mutation of fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) marfan syndrome: CV presentation - correct answer- mitral valve prolapse marfan syndrome: tx - correct answer- BB *decreased life expectancy due to aortic complications marfan syndrome: ocular - correct answer- ectopia lentis - lens is displaced MC preventable cause of intellectual disability - correct answer- fetal alcohol syndrome fetal alcohol syndrome: 3 hallmark features - correct answer- thin upper lip long and smooth philtrum
short palpebral fissures MC type of spina bifida - correct answer- with myelomeningocele --> meninges and spinal cord prader-willi: patho - correct answer- paternal copy of chromosome 15 prader-willi: clinical manifestations - correct answer- hypotonia hypogonadism excessive appetite aggressive behavior beckwith-wiedemann syndrome - correct answer- abnormal gene expression affecting chromosome 11p15.5 region beckwith-wiedemann syndrome: hallmark features - correct answer- omphalocele macroglossia macrosomia beckwith-wiedemann syndrome: increased risk of - correct answer- hepatoblastoma wilm's tumor can neuroblastoma cross the midline? - correct answer- yes
subunit conjugate vaccines - correct answer- SHiN s. pneumococcal h. flu n. meningitidis subunit recombinant vaccines - correct answer- hep B HPV toxoid vaccines - correct answer- TDaP baker's yeast, avoid - correct answer- hep B neomycin and streptomycin allergy, avoid - correct answer- MMR polio
