Forensic Chemistry in Criminology: Role, Characteristics, and Stages, Cheat Sheet of Forensics

An overview of Forensic Chemistry in the context of Criminology. It explains the role of a Forensic Chemist, their characteristics, and the four stages of practice. The document also mentions the golden rules and discusses the expertise of five forensic laboratories in Metro Manila. Additionally, it includes details of ten Supreme Court Rulings related to dangerous drugs convictions.

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2021/2022

Uploaded on 11/12/2022

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EARLMONT S. HERRERA
3RD YEAR
BS – CRIMINOLOGY
Forensic Chemistry & Toxicology
Performance Task 1
1. Define forensic Chemistry and its role in forensic investigation
You're certainly familiar with this scene from any crime scene investigation program: a
body is discovered or some other awful act is committed, and the investigators gather
evidence there. The forensic scientist is called in when there are additional items at the
crime scene in addition to blood and fingerprints that may or may not seem related to
the crime. A forensic chemist's role is to examine any non-biological items that are not
made of living organisms that are discovered at a crime scene and determine how they
relate to the person who committed the crime. The forensic chemist must ascertain the
chemical composition of the materials and ascertain where the materials originated. In
addition to running tests, the forensic chemist must record his or her findings in an
official report. The forensic chemist may also be required to testify about the findings in
a court of law. There are several areas that need to be taken into consideration in the
field of forensic chemistry. To identify unknown compounds and match samples to
recognized substances, forensic chemists examine non-biological trace evidence
obtained at crime scenes.They also analyze drugs/controlled substance taken from
scene and people in order to identify and sometimes quantify those materials. They
perform tests on samples obtained by investigators while working in a lab.
2. 7Identify the characteristics and main function of forensic chemist7
The characteristic of the forensic chemis, Be able to spend hours rigorously applying
analytical techniques to evidence , Clearly and concisely answer challenges to his/her
findings and Possess moral integrity
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EARLMONT S. HERRERA

3 RD^ YEAR

BS – CRIMINOLOGY

Forensic Chemistry & Toxicology Performance Task 1

  1. Define forensic Chemistry and its role in forensic investigation You're certainly familiar with this scene from any crime scene investigation program: a body is discovered or some other awful act is committed, and the investigators gather evidence there. The forensic scientist is called in when there are additional items at the crime scene in addition to blood and fingerprints that may or may not seem related to the crime. A forensic chemist's role is to examine any non-biological items that are not made of living organisms that are discovered at a crime scene and determine how they relate to the person who committed the crime. The forensic chemist must ascertain the chemical composition of the materials and ascertain where the materials originated. In addition to running tests, the forensic chemist must record his or her findings in an official report. The forensic chemist may also be required to testify about the findings in a court of law. There are several areas that need to be taken into consideration in the field of forensic chemistry. To identify unknown compounds and match samples to recognized substances, forensic chemists examine non-biological trace evidence obtained at crime scenes.They also analyze drugs/controlled substance taken from scene and people in order to identify and sometimes quantify those materials. They perform tests on samples obtained by investigators while working in a lab.
  2. Identify the characteristics and main function of forensic chemist The characteristic of the forensic chemis, Be able to spend hours rigorously applying analytical techniques to evidence , Clearly and concisely answer challenges to his/her findings and Possess moral integrity

The function of forensic chemist  Conduct qualitative and quantitative examination / determination of dangerous drugs , volatile substance and drug paraphernalia  Conduct examination of explosive and / or explosive ingredients. Explosive under RA 7183 PD1866 o PD 1866: regulating firearms ,ammunition or explosives and its manufacturing instruments  Conduct a clothes inspection for potential gunpowder determining the shooting distance.  Examine human internal organs, gastric contents, blood, water, and dietary samples chemico-toxicologically for the presence of chemical toxins

  1. Discuss the four stages in the practice of forensic chemistry  The right way to take, handle, and package a specimen is called collection. before beginning an analysis.  Actual Examination – different examination procedure for different specimen submitted as requested by the requesting party  Report writing of the result – could write positive or negative for the presence of a drug for example  Court Appearance – final stage for the chemist, wherein the chemist will explain to the court the findings of the examination conducted on the specimen submitted
  2. Enumerate the golden rules in the practice of forensic chemistry  Go slowly  Be thorough  Take notes  Consult others  Use imagination  Avoid complicated theories

G.R. No. 229826, July 30, 2018 Before the Court is an ordinary appeal^1 filed by accused-appellant Patricia Cabrellos y Dela Cruz (Cabrellos) assailing the Decision^2 dated September 13, 2016 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. CR H.C. No. 02020, which affirmed the Joint Judgment^3 dated February 25, 2015 of the Regional Trial Court of Bais City, Negros Oriental, Branch 45 (RTC) in Crim. Case Nos. 05-0163-A and 05-0162-A finding Cabrellos guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crimes of Illegal Sale of Dangerous Drugs and Illegal Possession of Dangerous Drugs, defined and penalized under Sections 5 and 11, respectively, of Article II of Republic Act No. (RA) 9165,^4 otherwise known as the "Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002." G.R. No. 196966 October 23, 2013 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, vs. MICHAEL MAONGCO y YUMONDA and PHANS BANDALI y SIMPAL, Accused-Appellants. D E C I S I O N LEONARDO-DE CASTRO, J.: On appeal is the Decision1 dated September 6, 2010 of the Court of Appeals in CAG.R. CR.-H.C. No. 03505, which affirmed in toto the Decision2 dated June 11, 2008 of the Regional Trial Court RTC), Branch 82, Quezon City, in Criminal Case Nos. Q-04- 127731-32, finding accused-appellants Michael Y. Maongco Maongco) and Phans S. Bandali Bandali) guilty beyond reasonable doubt of violating Article II, Section 5 of Republic Act No. 9165, otherwise known as the Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002