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NUR 210 Exam 3 - Galen
Principles of Pharmacology
100% Guarantee passing score
- What Is Hydrochlorothiazide And What Is It Used For
Answer>
A Thiazide Diuretic Used For Htn Or Edema From Chf
- What Is Furosemide And What Is It Used For
Answer>
Lasix A Loop Diuretic Used To Treat Fluid Retention, Renal Dysfunction, Cirrhosis, Htn, Pulmonary Edema
- Diuretics Caused Lab Abnormalities:
Answer>
Low K (Except Spironolactone Which Causes High K) Low Mg Low Cl
Low Na High Blood Sugar Low Ca (Loop) High Ca (Thiazide)
- What Is Mannitol And What Is It Used For
Answer>
An Osmotic Diuretic Used To Decrease Icp, Iop, Excrete Toxins, Used In Emergent Situations
- What Is Spironolactone And What Is It Used For
Answer>
A Potassium-Sparing Diuretic Blocks Aldosterone, Used For Heart Failure And Hepatic Cirrhosis
- Diuretic Interventions: Monitor I's & O's, Daily Weight Notify Hcp If Urine Output Does Not Increase Monitor Vs, Watch Bp Administer Lasix Slowly For K Wasting Watch For S/S Of Hypokalemia For K Sparing Watch For S/S Of Hyperkalemia Monitor Electrolyte Levels Monitor Glucose Periodically
B. Low Serum Potassium And Sodium And Elevated Magnesium And Calcium. C. Low Serum Potassium, Sodium, Magnesium, And Calcium. D. Low Serum Potassium And Sodium, With Magnesium And Calcium Remaining Normal.:
Answer> C Rationale: Loop Diuretics Cause A Loss Of
Potassium, Sodium, Magnesium, And Calcium.
- Which Statement Will The Nurse Include When Teaching A Patient About Loop (High- Ceiling) Diuretics? A. Take The Medication At Bedtime. B. Take The Medication On An Empty Stomach. C. Rise Slowly From A Lying Or Sitting To Standing Position To Prevent Dizziness. D. Avoid Fruit And Vegetables In The Diet.:
Answer> C Rationale: The Medication Should Be Taken In The
Morning, Not At Bedtime, To Prevent Sleep Disturbances And Nocturia; Taking The Medication At Mealtime Or With A Snack, Not On An Empty Stomach, Can Prevent Nausea From Developing, And Patients Receiving This Medication Should Eat A Diet High In Fruits And Vegetables To Prevent Hypokalemia.
- A Patient Is Admitted To The Intensive Care Unit With Increased Intracranial Pressure. The Nurse Would Anticipate Administering A. Furosemide (Lasix). B. Mannitol (Osmitrol). C. Triamterene (Dyrenium). D. Spironolactone (Aldactone).: •
Answer> B
- Rationale: Osmotic Diuretics Such As Mannitol (Osmitrol) In- Crease The Osmolality And Sodium Reabsorption In The Proximal Tubule And Loop Of Henle. Sodium, Chloride, Potassium, And Wa- Ter Are Excreted. This Group Of Drugs Is Used To Prevent Kidney Failure, To Decrease Intracranial Pressure, And To Decrease Intraocu- Lar Pressure. Mannitol Is A Potent Osmotic Potassium-Wasting Diuretic Frequently Used In Emergency Situations Such As Icp And Iop.
- A Patient Is Receiving Furosemide (Lasix). It Is Most Important For The
Patient Is Also Receiving A. Digoxin (Lanoxin). B. Potassium Chloride (K-Dur). C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol). D. Doxazosin (Cardura).: •
Answer> B
- Rationale: Spironolactone Is A Potassium-Sparing Diuretic. Potassium Supplementation Is Not Indicated Unless The Patient's Serum Potassium Level Is Very Low.
- Which Statement About Aldosterone Does The Nurse Identify As Being True? Aldosterone A. Promotes Sodium Excretion. B. Is A Mineralocorticoid Hormone. C. Promotes Potassium Retention. D. Is Secreted By The Pancreas.: •
Answer> B
- Rationale: Aldosterone Is A Mineralocorticoid Hormone That
Promotes Sodium Retention, And Potassium Excretion Is Not Se- Creted By The Pancreas
- An Elderly Patient Will Be Taking A Vasodilator For Hypertension. Which Adverse Effect Is Of Most Concern For The Older Adult Patient Taking This Class Of Drug? Dry Mouth Restlessness Hypotension Constipation:
Answer> Hypotension
The Elderly Are More Sensitive To The Blood Pressure-Lowering Effects Of Vasodilators, And Consequently Experience More Problems With Hypotension, Dizziness, And Syncope. The Other Options Are Incorrect.
- The Nurse Is Administering A Beta-Blocker To A Patient. Which Is The Most Important Assessment To Perform Before Administration? Potassium Level Urine Output Serum Level Of Medication Apical Pulse
Answer>: Apical Pulse
- A Nurse Is Caring For A Patient Who Has Been Prescribed Amlodipine. Which Patient Should Cause Concern?
- What Does The Nurse Know To Be Correct Concerning The Use Of Mannitol In Patients? It Increases Intraocular Pressure. It Decreases Intracranial Pressure. It Causes Sodium And Potassium Retention. It Causes Diuresis In Several Days.: It Decreases Intracranial Pressure.
- The Nurse Is Caring For A Patient Who Is To Begin Receiving A Thiazide Diuretic To Treat Heart Failure. When Performing A Health History On This Patient, The Nurse Will Be Concerned About A History Of Which Condition? Hypertension Gout Glaucoma Asthma: Gout
- The Nurse Is Caring For A Patient Who Develops Marked Edema And A Low Urine Output As A Result Of Heart Failure. Which Medication Will The Nurse Expect The Provider To Order For This Patient? Digoxin Spironolactone Furosemide Hydrochlorothiazide: Furosemide Furosemide Is A Loop Diuretic And Is Given When The Patient's Condition
Warrants Immediate Removal Of Body Fluid, As In Heart Failure. Digoxin Improves Cardiac Function But Does Not Remove Fluid Quickly. The Other Diuretics May Be Used When Immediate Fluid Removal Is Not Necessary.
- What Medications Have The Ending Olol
Answer>
Beta Blockers Metoprolol, Propranolol
- What Are Beta Blockers Used For
Answer>
Htn Antidysrhythmic And Antiangina Can Be Used As Dual Therapy Along With Diuretic For African Americans
- Beta Blocker Adverse Reactions: Depression, Decreased Libido Orthostatic Hypotension Bradycardia, Hypotension Masking Of Hypoglycemia
- Beta Blocker Contraindications: Heart Block, Bradycardia Asthma (Unless Selective Beta 1 Such As Propranolol) Caution In Renal Dysfunction And Pregnancy
Heart Failure Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (Bph) Can Be Used As Monotherapy In African Americans
- Prazosin Side Effects And Adverse Reactions: Dizzy, Drowsy, Ha Peripheral Edema, Weight Gain Urinary Incontinence Erectile Dysfunction
Orthostatic Hypotension, Hypotension Palpitations Elevated Liver Enzymes
Safer For Asthma And Diabetics
- Prazosin Contraindications: Caution With Decreased Blood Pressure
- Prazosin Interactions: Other Drugs That Lower Bp High Protein Binding Drugs Alcohol Otc Cold Medications
- What Medications End In Pine
Answer>
Calcium Channel Blockers Amlodipine (Also Verapamil And Diltiazem)
- What Is Amlodipine And What Is It Used For
Answer>
Calcium Channel Blocker Used For Htn Antiangina
Antidysrhythmic Pvd Can Be Used As Monotherapy For African Americans
- Amlodipine Side Effects And Adverse Reactions: Flushing Ha Dizziness Peripheral Edema Erectile Dysfunction
Hypotension, Orthostatic Hypotension Bradycardia
- Amlodipine Contraindications: Caution With Hepatic Impairment (Liver Failure)
- Amlodipine Interactions: Other Drugs That Lower Bp Cold Medications
- What Medications End In Pril
Answer>
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (Ace) In- Hibitors Lisinopril
- What Is Lisinopril And What Is It Used For
Answer>
Ace Inhibitor Used For Htn Heart Failure Can Be Used As Dual Therapy Along With A Diuretic For African Americans
- What Medications End In Sartan Or Tan
Answer>
Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blockers (Arbs) Valsartan
- What Is Valsartan And What Is It Used For
Answer>
Arb Used For Htn Heart Failure
- Valsartan Contraindications: Pregnancy Lactating
- Valsartan Interactions: Other Antihypertensives Alcohol Nsaids Can Increase Renal Dysfunction/Hyperkalemia Otc Cold Medication
- Valsartan Side Effects/Adverse Reactions: Does Not Cause The Cough Of Ace Inhibitors Dizzy, Drowsy, Fatigue Insomnia, Ha Erectile Dysfunction
Orthostatic Hypotension Hyperkalemia Hypotension
Renal Dysfunction
- Antihypertensives Nursing Interventions: Monitor Vs Including Hr On Beta Blockers And Calcium Channel Blockers Monitor For S/S Of Electrolyte Imbalance With Aces And Arbs Alpha And Beta Blockers Can Take Several Weeks For Full Effects Monitor For Peripheral Edema With Alpha And Beta Blockers And Calcium Channel Blockers Too Big Of A Drop In Bp Should Be Reported
- Antihypertensives Teaching: Take Blood Pressure And Pulse Daily And What To Report Weigh Daily Report Weight Gain Over 2 Pounds In One Day, 5 Pounds In One Week Get Up Slowly Do Not Stop Antihypertensives Abruptly Check With Hcp Before Taking Otc Meds (Esp Cold Medicine) Beta Blockers - Teach Diabetic Patient Interactions Aces And Arbs - Teach No Salt Substitute With K, Low K Diet, No K Supplements
- A Patient Is Receiving An Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blocker. It Is Most Important For The Nurse To Assess The Patient For A. Constipation. B. Tremors. C. Asthmatic Attacks. D. Dizziness.:
Answer> D
Rationale: Side Effects/Adverse Effects Of Arbs Include Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Occasional Cough, And Upper Respiratory Infection.
- An African-American Patient Is To Be Treated With Initial Monotherapy To Control Hypertension. The Nurse Expects The Patient To Receive A. Diuretics. B. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors. C. Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers. D. Beta Blockers.:
Answer> C
Rationale: African Americans Do Not Respond Well To
Diuretics As The Initial Monotherapy For Controlling Hypertension. This Group Is Susceptible To Low-Renin Hypertension; Therefore, They Do Not Respond Well To Beta Blockers And Ace In- Hibitors. The Antihypertensive Drugs That Are Effective For African Americans Are Alpha1 Blockers And Calcium Channel Blockers.
- The Nurse Should Instruct A Patient To Not Suddenly Stop Taking Antihyper- Tensives In Order To Avoid A. Rebound Bradycardia. B. Rebound Tachycardia. C. Rebound Hypertension. D. Rebound Hypotension.:
Answer> C
Rationale: Abrupt Discontinuation Of Antihypertensive Drugs May Cause Rebound Hypertension
- A Patient With Hypertension Is Ordered To Receive An Ace Inhibitor. The Nurse Identifies A Common Benign Side Effect Of This Class Of Medications As A. Hiccups. B. Flatulence. C. Abdominal Distention. D. A Dry Cough.:
Answer> D
Rationale: The Primary Side Effect Of Ace Inhibitors Is A Constant, Irritated Cough. Other Side Effects Include Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Headache, Dizziness, Fatigue, Insomnia, Serum Potassium Excess, And Tachycardia.
