PHI-105 Fallacy Study Guide! RATED A+, Assignments of Philosophy

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PHI-105 Fallacy Study Guide-v

21st Century Skills: Critical Thinking and Problem Solving (Grand Canyon University)

Fallacies Study Guide

Using the Logical Fallacies Media piece, fill in a definition and example for each fallacy below. The media piece is located in the “Topic 3 Study Materials” tab. Additionally, a weblink is also listed below within the reference. You are welcome to copy and paste the definitions and examples from the media piece in for this assignment. The reference for the resource has also been included below. Reference for Logical Fallacies Media Piece: Grand Canyon University (2012). Logical Fallacies. Retrieved from: https://lc.gcumedia.com/phi105/fallacies-website/fallacies-website-v1.1.html Term Definition Example Appeal to Ignorance Uses lack of evidence (for or against) as the basis of the argument. If something can’t be disproven, it must be true. Hasty Generalization A hasty generalization occurs when a conclusion is drawn from a sample that is too small or selective to represent the subject accurately. When I was young, my brothers and dad never did the household chores. Therefore men are useless in the house. Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc Assuming that because B follows A, A must have caused B. I wore my team’s jersey and my team won against all the odds. Either/Or An either/or fallacy does not acknowledge that opposing claims could both be true, that grey areas may exist between the two alternatives, or that other possibilities exist. One may think since I do not spend a lot of money that I must make a lot of money but in actuality, I don’t make a lot of money. Composition Putting two or more good things together does not mean they will be good together. Hydrogen is not wet. Oxygen is not wet. Therefore H20 is not wet. Extravagant Hypothesis Formulating a complex or unlikely explanation for an event when a similar explanation would do. The theory is that the moon landing was staged. Appeal to Authority Something is true because person “A” and authority claims it to be true. A commercial claims that a specific brand of cereal is the best way to start the day because athlete Michael Jordan says that it is what he eats every day.