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Phlebotomy Final Exam actual solution.pdf
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True or False Infections can occur even if the patient is not presenting symptoms - answer -True True or False Sharps containers are spill proof - answer -True True or False Tourniquets are placed just above the AC - answer -False Tourniquets are place 3-4 inches above the AC
How far below the AC should the skin be pulled with the non-dominate hand? - answer -6 inches What is the most common type of antiseptic? - answer -70% isopropyl alcohol Alternative to alcohol as an antiseptic? - answer - Chlorahexidine or iodine Define nosocomial infection - answer -Infection acquired as a result of being in a health care facility OSHA - answer -Protects employees FDA - answer -Regulates food and drugs
Discard tubes - answer -Clear, red, SST, gray pH of blood - answer -7.4; more basic than water Average amount of blood in adults? - answer - liters What is plasma? - answer -Liquid portion of blood with the clotting factors. 90% water, 10% dissolved substances What is serum? - answer -Liquid portion of blood without clotting factors What are the formed elements of the blood? - answer -Erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes
Define hemopoiesis - answer -Production of formed elements within the bone marrow and long bones What is the life span of an erythrocyte? - answer - 120 days What is a reticulocyte? - answer -An immature erythrocyte What is the function of an erythrocyte? - answer - Deliver oxygen throughout the body What is the purpose of a nucleus in a leukocyte? - answer -Regulates cell growth and size Phagocytic WBC - answer -Neutrophils and monocytes
What type of additive is in a lavender tube? - answer -K2 EDTA True or false: Hemostasis may be impaired in patients with liver damage - answer -True What is the function of capillaries? - answer -Site of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients into the cells What is the middle, muscular layer of blood vessels - answer -Tunica media Which layer in blood vessels is the same width in both veins and arteries - answer -Tunica Intima What is the purpose of the adaptive immune system? - answer -To adapt immunity to disease by immunization or acquiring the disease
What is syncope? - answer -Fainting Describe a basal state - answer -Fasting for 12 hours, soon after the patient awakens What is hemoconcentration? - answer -Increase in the number of red blood cells resulting from a decrease in the volume of plasma; in phlebotomy it is caused by leaving the tourniquet on linger than 1 minute Describe venous collapse - answer -Suction of the blood draw flattens the vein Describe transfixation of a vein - answer -The needle goes through the vein
Why is a log needed to document the amount of blood taken from an in-patient? - answer -To monitor the risk of iatrogenic anemia caused by taking too much blood; especially for small children When is a syringe draw used for venipuncture? - answer -Used to decrease the occurrence of venous collapse; especially for small veins, geriatric, pediatric, or dehydrated patients What is the difference in the order of draw when transferring blood from syringe into tubes? - answer -Serum tubes are transferred at the end of the order Why do you check the expiration date on vacuum tubes? - answer -The vacuum can escape causing incorrect levels
How does carbon dioxide accumulate in the body?
