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NHA CPT Exam Part 17
How can a phlebotomist significantly reduce the risk of damage to bones, arteries, and nerves when performing capillary puncture in paediatric patients? - \By using a spring-loaded puncture device that is preset to a specific depth At what point in the venipuncture process should the phlebotomist remove their gloves? - \After disposing of used materials What is Irritant Contact Dermatitis? - \Irritation and redness of the skin caused by direct contact with a chemical irritant Which container must be labelled before sending to the laboratory? - \Primary If you experience occupational exposure, your employer is required to provide: - \A confidential physician evaluation Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) certification is good for how many years before it must be renewed? - \Two To prevent contamination after cleaning the blood collection site, the phlebotomist should: - \Avoid touching the site after cleaning it What is a papoose? - \A type of paediatric restraint in the form of a blanket wrapped around the patient's body Record-keeping requirements of a laboratory's Exposure Control Plan include all except: - \Phlebotomy certification To calculate the blood volume of an adult, what information is required? - \Body weight How long does a urine sample remain stable in a grey top urine collection tube? - \48 hours What is a blood smear? -
\A blood sample placed on a glass slide for analysis Why do the veins of the hand and wrist tend to roll more than arm veins? - \They are not supported by as much connective tissue Which of the following tubes contains thrombin? - \Orange top The Bloodborne Pathogens (BPP) Standard is mandated by federal law and enforced by OSHA to reduce occupational exposure. The standard requires healthcare employers to: - \Implement medical surveillance for all at-risk employees What kind of swabs are used for nasopharyngeal cultures? - \Dacron/cotton-tipped swabs Which of the following speeds the formation of a clot in a blood sample? - \Thrombin When palpating a vein, a vessel that pulsates: - \Should not be punctured What is the most serious problem that may occur if a sample is exposed to extreme temperatures? - \Rupture of red blood cells The Emergency Room (ER) has requested assistance with an aggressive patient that was brought in after a suspected drunk driving accident. The doctor ordered a Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) test and the nurse was unable to draw the specimen. Which of the following is true regarding this test? - \There is no requirement for chain of custody in this situation When performing a throat swab on a patient with a suspected airway infection, how can the phlebotomist protect himself from becoming infected? - \By wearing gloves and a mask To calculate the blood volume of an adult, which equation should you use? - \1 kilogram of body weight = 70 millilitres of blood volume To prepare a routine peripheral blood smear, what angle should the pusher or spreader slide hold at? - \30 to 45 degrees
A phlebotomist should be aware of common problems associated with routine blood smear preparation. Streaks or tails on the feathered edge of a blood smear is most likely to result because: - \The blood drop started to dry out during preparation Where are capillary punctures performed on children under one year of age? - \On the medial or lateral surface of the infant's heel For venipuncture using the Evacuated Tube System (ETS) method, the phlebotomist should break the needle seal and then thread the needle into the holder. If the needle seal is already broken, the phlebotomist should: - \Discard it in a biohazard container because it may not be sterile When referring to fire safety, what does the acronym "RACE" stand for? - \Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish/Evacuate What is edema? - \Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues, resulting in swelling When transporting a sample out of a facility, what additional steps must be taken? - \Primary container placed in a secondary container What are advance directives? - \Documents written before incapacitating illness that give instructions about patients' health care What is a tourniquet? - \Any constrictor used to facilitate vein prominence What is EDTA? - \An anticoagulant that binds calcium, preventing clot formation What is a pre-examination error? - \An error that occurs before the sample is analysed Rank these common test statuses in order of priority, from greatest or first priority, to last or least priority: routine, STAT, preop, timed. - \STAT, timed, preop, routine A phlebotomist processing a laboratory specimen obtains a panic (critical) potassium result of 6.5. What should the phlebotomist do next? - \Call or page the ordering physician immediately
Of the following, what additive(s) does the light green-top blood collection tube contain? - \Sodium heparin What is the vein most preferred for venipuncture? - \The median cubital vein Jane is called on to assist another healthcare provider following a failed venipuncture. Which of the following is true? - \Jane should perform a capillary collection if she is unable to obtain a specimen by sticking the patient twice. Judy is a phlebotomist working in a blood donation centre. She is assisting one of the nurses who is having trouble. Her patient's bag was only 1/4 to 1/2 of the way full, but the blood flow had stopped. Neither Judy nor the nurse was able to achieve blood flow again, despite repositioning the patient's arm, tubing, and collection unit. What should be done next? - \Discontinue the venipuncture site and apply firm pressure. Then, identify a vein on the other side to repeat the collection procedure. All of the following are acceptable methods to prevent the formation of hematoma except: - \Applying heat to the venipuncture site Correct labelling must be placed on specimens, and it should include: - \Date of the draw, time of drawing, identification of the person collecting the sample Current American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for Infant or Child Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) include: - \Compression depth of four centimetres for infants A patient who has been fasting before a blood test presents confused and weak. What complication should the phlebotomist suspect? - \Hypoglycemia All of the following are special considerations a phlebotomist should consider when working with geriatric patients except: - \Never leave these patients unattended To verify a patient's identity, you must ask them to state: - \Full name, date of birth, and spelling of the name What does the term "additive" refer to? -
When obtaining a blood sample from a baby, the preferred site for a heel puncture is:
\The outside of the heel on the lateral side At least how full must all coagulated blood tubes be filled? - \90% Why are post-vasectomy semen samples collected? - \To determine sperm presence Why may venipuncture be more difficult to perform on obese patients? - \An obese patient's veins are difficult to feel through multiple layers of tissue Which urine collection tube is used in drug screening? - \Yellow top What must happen to samples in syringes before they are sent to the lab? - \The needle must be removed When introducing yourself to a patient, you should provide your name and which of the following? - \Title What should the phlebotomist attempt to scrub when collecting specimens for throat cultures? - \Any red or white spots in the back of the pharynx What type of sample is used for laboratory alcohol testing? - \Blood During a Quality Control (QC) check in the laboratory, a technician observes the thermometer inside the refrigerator that reads 7 degrees Celsius. What is the most appropriate action? - \Write the date, time, temperature, and initials on the refrigerator log How should a blood sample testing for ammonia be handled immediately after collection? - \Ice and water bath Which colour tube protects a blood sample from light? - \Amber To prepare a blood smear, how much of the slide should be covered? - \Three-fourths
What is the haemoglobin A1c test? - \A test to gauge blood glucose over time Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) studies have shown that phlebotomy procedures were involved in approximately what percentage of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) exposures that have occurred in healthcare settings? - \50% How should a normal, healthy vein feel to palpation? - \Soft and bouncy When testing for malaria, what type of blood is preferred? - \Capillary What blood test should be performed on a patient before measuring bleeding time? - \Platelet count Which of the following changes most when a patient stands after lying down or sitting for a period of time? - \Blood pressure What is a normal fasting blood glucose range? - \70-100 mg/dL What is an evacuated tube? - \A tube that comes from the manufacturer with a vacuum already inside Which device provides the phlebotomist with a safe method for transferring blood from a syringe to an evacuated tube? - \Transfer device What is the most common type of diurnal test? - \Cortisol Which of the following needles has the largest diameter? - \16 gauge Which of the following is true regarding a patient who faints following venipuncture? - \All specimen collection-related incidents such as fainting must be documented For a paediatric patient weighing 39 kilograms, collection of which blood culture bottle is recommended? -
