Download PHTLS 10th Edition Post Test and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
PHTLS 10th Edition Post Test (2024 / 2025 updated
and revised in 2024-2025 December
A 78 y/o female was involved in a minor car crash. She is shivering and exhibits repetitive questioning. She is a type II diabetic and takes a daily anticoagulant. What should your initial treatment be? A. Administer hot packs to the axilla B. Establish intravenous access and administer dextrose C. Obtain a blood alcohol analysis D. Move patient to a warm environment - ANSWER->D. Move patient to a warm environment 29 y/o male falls 17 feet to the ground from a tree. He complains of pain with movement and pain on the right side of his chest when he breathes. You note accessory muscle use, focal tenderness, bony crepitus, and absent breath sounds on his right side. What should you suspect? A. Simple pneumothorax B. Flail chest C. Open pneumothorax D. Tear of the aortic arch - ANSWER->A. Simple pneumothorax A 55 y/o male has burns to both lower extremities from a car crash. He is awake and in severe pain. Assessment reveals dry, white, leathery appearance in both lower extremities. What is the burn classification? A. Subdermal B. Partial thickness C. Full thickness D. Superficial - ANSWER->C. Full thickness
Which of the following physiological changes associated with aging may contribute to an increased incidence of falls among the elderly? A. Increased brain mass B. Decreased body fat C. Decreased gastric secretions D. Declining visual acuity - ANSWER->D. Declining visual acuity Which type of shock includes neurogenic and anaphylactic shock? A. Distributive B. Spinal C. Obstructive D. Hypovolemic - ANSWER->A. Distributive A 13 y/o male was a restrained passenger in a car crash at highway speed. He is alert and oriented on-scene and walking around. What should you do? A. Immobilize him to a padded splint B. Apply c-collar and secure him to a long backboard C. Apply c-collar and secure him to a cot D. Consider spinal motion restriction and assess his c-spine - ANSWER-
D. Consider spinal motion restriction and assess his c-spine A 24 y/o construction worker amputated this thumb. How should you manage the amputation? A. Submerge in milk B. Place directly on ice C. Wrap in dry gauze D. Wrap in moistened gauze - ANSWER->D. Wrap in moistened gauze A 41 y/o male was stabbed in the chest immediately below the sternum. He complains of shortness of breath and has engorged jugular veins. Vital signs are BP 108/84, P 130, R 26. What should you suspect? A. Tension pneumothorax
A 36 weeks pregnant female has sustained an injury that requires spinal motion restriction. What intervention should be implemented to prevent hypotension during transport? A. Elevate the head of the backboard 30 degrees B. Elevate the right side of the backboard 4-6 inches C. Manually displace the uterus to the right D. Elevate the left leg to displace the uterus - ANSWER->B. Elevate the right side of the backboard 4-6 inches Which is an early finding in compartment syndrome? A. Pallor B. Pulselessness C. Paralysis D. Pain - ANSWER->D. Pain A 14 y/o male suffered from helmet-to-helmet contact during a football game followed by a 30 second period of unconsciousness. Initial exam shows that he is awake but slow to respond. He is nauseated and has a headache. He becomes unresponsive during transport. Examination of the pupils reveals a left pupil that is dilated and non-reactive. What type of hemorrhage should you suspect? A. Subdural B. Subarachnoid C. Intraparenchymal D. Epidural - ANSWER->D. Epidural /A 25 y/o female has a GSW to the abdomen. Vital signs are BP 80/40, P 122, R 18 with clear, equal lung sounds. What is the most appropriate IV fluid to administer? A. Warmed lactated Ringer's B. Normal saline C. Hypertonic crystalloid solution D. Lactated Ringer's - ANSWER->A. Warmed lactated Ringer's
Which of the following is true when log rolling a patient? A. The provider controlling the patient's hips is in charge B. The provider maintaining SMR is in charge C. The patient should assist you in rolling to his/her side D. Only two providers are recommended - ANSWER->B. The provider maintaining SMR is in charge A 28 y/o male was ejected during a car crash. He is unconscious and has no obvious bleeding. Vital signs are BP 70/40, P 120, R 22. What type of shock should you suspect? A. Neurogenic B. Anaphylactic C. Cardiogenic D. Hemorrhagic - ANSWER->D. Hemorrhagic A 3 y/o female was involved in a car crash with 2 feet of intrusion into the passenger compartment. She is crying and has an obvious deformed right humerus. Her car seat has a crack on the side of impact. What should you suspect? A. Utilization of traction splint will be necessary B. Treatment will require rapid management of pain prior to assessment C. Significant energy has been distributed to this patient D. The biggest concern would be growth plate injury - ANSWER->C. Significant energy has been distributed to this patient A 20 y/o male was hit in the chest with a baseball bat. He complains of severe pain and tenderness on the left side. He is unable to take a deep breath. Vital signs are BP 112/76, P 98, R 20, SpO2 98%, and ETCO2 38 mmHg. What should you do? A. Apply continuous positive airway pressure B. Administer O2 via NRB
B. Shortness of breath, decreased lung sounds on affected side C. Absent lung sounds on one side, JVD, and hypotension D. Generalized chest pain due to increased intrathoracic pressure - ANSWER->B. SOB, decreased lung sounds on affected side A 26 y/o male is supine on the ground. He was assaulted and has obvious head and facial trauma. He has snoring respirations at a rate of 8 per minute. What should you do? A. Perform modified jaw thrust B. Suction the airway C. Perform head tilt chin life D. Assist ventilations via BVM - ANSWER->A. Perform modified jaw thrust A 27 y/o female has multisystem trauma. Which life threat is your first priority? A. Penetrating injury to the chest B. Perceived tension pneumothorax C. Penetrating injury to the abdomen D. Significant external hemorrhage - ANSWER->D. Significant external hemorrhage An adult patient has partial thickness burns to his or her anterior chest and abdomen, the entire right arm, and the palm of the left hand. What percent of the total body surface area is affected? A. 30 B. 29 C. 28 D. 25 - ANSWER->C. 28% An adult patient has an open angulated injury to the left lower leg. Distal pulses are absent. Why should you attempt to realign the extremity?
A. Manage the patient's pain B. Restore function to the leg C. Restore blood flow D. Reduce the open fracture - ANSWER->C. Restore blood flow A 10 y/o male fell from his bicycle and sustained abrasions to his left leg and left arm. He is alert and oriented. What should you do first? A. Secure the patient to a long backboard B. Complete a primary and secondary assessment C. Apply tourniquets to his left arm and left leg D. Initiate IV access and administer a 250 mL fluid bolus - ANSWER->B. Complete a primary and secondary assessment What type of burn should be treated as a life or limb threatening injury due to constriction of the injured tissues? A. Partial thickness B. Circumferential C. Full thickness D. Subdermal - ANSWER->B. Circumferential A 32 y/o male was ejected from a motor vehicle. He is unconscious with agonal respirations. Upon assessment, you note a dilated right pupil. What is the best device to secure the airway? A. ET tube B. OPA C. Surgical cricothyrotomy D. Supraglottic airway - ANSWER->A. ET tube An 8 y/o female is being treated in the red treatment area after a housing complex fire. Vital signs are P 140, R 12 with noted stridor. Her eyebrows and hair are burnt. Suddenly, she becomes apneic. What should you do? A. Perform needle cricothyrotomy
Which type of skull fracture will cause leakage of CSF from the ears or nose? A. Basilar B. Diastatic C. Linear D. Depressed - ANSWER->A. Basilar A 4 y/o female fell down approx. 8 carpeted stairs. Her parents said she initially complained of neck pain and a tingling sensation in all 4 extremities, but the symptoms have since resolved. What should you do? A. Place patient in a position of comfort on a stretcher B. Allow the parents to transport the patient in their vehicle C. Advise the parents to call their pediatrician if symptoms return D. Initiate SMR and transport - ANSWER->D. Initiate SMR and transport A 28 y/o male fell from his motorcycle during low-speed accident. He removed his own helmet after the accident. He has an open left femur fracture with severe external bleeding from the wound. What should you do? A. Assess the airway by auscultation B. Immediately apply a traction splint C. Apply direct pressure to the wound D. Perform a head tilt chin lift - ANSWER->C. Apply direct pressure to the wound A 47 y/o female was stabbed with a knife in her right upper quadrant. Her GCS score is 9. Vital signs are BP 78/50, P 130, R 26. What should you do? A. Immediately transport to a trauma center and establish IV en route B. Initiate IV access on-scene and administer 20 mL per kg of normal saline
C. Pack the abdominal wound to control bleeding and apply hemostatic dressing D. Initiate IV access on-scene and administer 500 mL of lactated Ringer's solution - ANSWER->A. Immediately transport to a trauma center and establish IV en route An anxious 54 y/o female complains of chest pain. She hit the steering wheel after a car crash at highway speeds. Her sternum is red and tender. Vital signs are BP 100/68, P 112, R 28 and clear, SpO2 92%. What should you suspect? A. Cardiac rupture B. Transected aorta C. Pneumothorax D. Cardiac contusion - ANSWER->D. Cardiac contusion An adult patient was involved in a motorcycle accident. Why should you remove his or her helmet? A. To allow helmet inspection by law enforcement B. To manage the airway C. To assess the pupils D. To provide SMR - ANSWER->B. To manage the airway A 33 y/o female has GCS score of 3 after being ejected from a motor vehicle. How should you prepare to intubate? A. Keep the patient in the c-collar and place in the sniffing position B. Hyperflex the patient in the c-collar and attempt direct laryngoscopy C. Maintain spinal precautions and use a video laryngoscope if available D. Place patient in the sniffing position and attempt direct visual intubation - ANSWER->C. Maintain spinal precautions and use a video laryngoscope if available A 44 y/o male was involved in a motorcycle crash. He sustained severe blunt trauma to his chest and has deformity of the right femur. Multiple
A 26 y/o female was the unrestrained driver of a head on collision. Her GCS score is 4. Vital signs are BP 156/78, P 66, R 12 and irregular, and her pupils are unequal. What should you do? A. Establish IV and administer 2L normal saline B. Place in Trendelenburg position C. Assist ventilations at a rate of 20 D. Maintain a blood pressure at 140/90 - ANSWER->C. Assist ventilations at a rate of 20 Where is the preferred landmark for needle decompression? - ANSWER->Anterior axillary line, 5th intercostal space A 13 y/o male was riding on an ATV when he drove into a wire fence. He is sitting on the ground with a towel over his lower face. He has an open jaw fracture. What is your primary concern? A. Cervical spine injury B. Internal hemorrhage C. Obstruction of the airway D. Obtaining parental consent - ANSWER->C. Obstruction of the airway A 78 y/o female fell 12 hours ago. Now, she complains of 10/10 hip and groin pain during movement. Vital signs are BP 98/50, P 132, R 26. What should you administer? A. Ketamine B. NSAID C. Versed D. Normal saline - ANSWER->A. Ketamine A 22 y/o male was involved in a car crash and hit a tree head on. The patient is on the ground outside the vehicle and is unconscious. His forearm is avulsed and you note a large pool of blood with active bleeding. His breathing is deep and labored. What should you do? A. Perform a primary survey
B. Listen to breath sounds C. Apply a tourniquet D. Open the patient's airway - ANSWER->C. Apply a tourniquet
