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PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023, Lab Reports of Physics

University of LeedsPhysics

PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023/PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Str

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Lab 6 Work & Conservation of
Energy
PHY250
L
Student Name: Zach Pollock.
Access Code (located on the underside of the lid of your lab kit): AC-8ZMQDJE.
Lab Report Format Expectations
Utilize college level grammar and formatting when answering text based questions.
Report all equations in a proper mathematical format, with the correct signs and symbols.
Submissions with incomplete or improperly formatted responses may be rejected.
Pre-Lab Questions
1. In this lab, you will conduct three experiments that will demonstrate the concepts of work,
potential energy and kinetic energy. Briefly explain those three concepts and their
mathematical definitions.
Work is when a force causes a mass to move. The unit that describes work is Joules or (J), the
formula that describes work is (Work=F11d). F11 represents the force applied when it is placed
along or against (d), which represents the displacement. When the force is moving with the
movement then Work=fdcos(0) would be more acceptable. In addition this equation requires
the magnitude and the angle coefficient. Potential energy is the stored energy associated with
the position of an object. The formula that represents this is (PEgravity=mgh), m is the mass,
(g) is the gravity and (h) is the height. Kinetic Energy is the energy associated with the state of
motion in an object. The formula that represents kinetic energy is KE=1/2mv^2. (m) is the mass
and (v)^2 is the velocity squared.
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Download PHY250L Lab 6 Work & Conservation of Energy Straighterline FALL 2023 and more Lab Reports Physics in PDF only on Docsity!

Energy

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Student Name: Zach Pollock.

Access Code (located on the underside of the lid of your lab kit): AC-8ZMQDJE.

Lab Report Format Expectations Utilize college level grammar and formatting when answering text based questions. Report all equations in a proper mathematical format, with the correct signs and symbols. Submissions with incomplete or improperly formatted responses may be rejected.

Pre-Lab Questions

  1. In this lab, you will conduct three experiments that will demonstrate the concepts of work, potential energy and kinetic energy. Briefly explain those three concepts and their mathematical definitions. Work is when a force causes a mass to move. The unit that describes work is Joules or (J), the formula that describes work is (Work=F11d). F11 represents the force applied when it is placed along or against (d), which represents the displacement. When the force is moving with the movement then Work=fdcos(0) would be more acceptable. In addition this equation requires the magnitude and the angle coefficient. Potential energy is the stored energy associated with the position of an object. The formula that represents this is (PEgravity=mgh), m is the mass, (g) is the gravity and (h) is the height. Kinetic Energy is the energy associated with the state of motion in an object. The formula that represents kinetic energy is KE=1/2mv^2. (m) is the mass and (v)^2 is the velocity squared.

Energy

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  1. Both kinetic and potential energy are part of the thrill of roller coasters. Refer to Figure 6, below. Figure 6: Different points in a roller coaster’s a. Describe the kinetic and potential energy at each point of the roller coaster path. A,C,E=Potential Energy BDE=Kinetic Energy. b. What happens to the rollercoaster’s kinetic energy between Points B and C? What happens to its potential energy between these points? Kinetic Energy Decreases, and Potential Energy Increases. c. Why is it important for Point A to be higher than Point C? Point A needs to be higher than Point C because it allows Potential energy to migrate to kinetic energy when it reaches the bottom of a roller coaster. d. What causes the roller coaster train to lose energy over its trip? The roller coaster losses potential energy after it has completed the process of accelerating down and proceeding back up the roller coaster. The coaster also losses its kinetic energy when potential energy takes over and moves downward.

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Data and Observations

Record your observed forces for each distance the spring was pulled. Then calculate the average force between the measurements. Use this average to find the work it took to pull the spring for each step and record this in the final column. Table 1. Spring Scale Force Data Force (N) Distance, x (m) ForceAverage (N) Δ Distance, Δx (m) Work (J) 0 0 0.7N 0.01 0.71N 1.4N 0. 1.85N 0.01 1.86N 2.3N 0. 2.75N 0.01 2.76N 3.2N 0. 3.55N 0.01 3.56N 3.9N 0. 4.35 0.01 4.36N 4.8N 0.

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Insert a photo of the spring being pulled back for each step (5 in total) with your handwritten name in the background. The photos must clearly demonstrate the reading on the spring when pulled back to the distances in the table. To do so, the spring must be next to the ruler as specified in the procedure. The distances and forces must match those recorded in Table 1. Submissions that do not include photos that meet these requirements will be rejected.

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  1. Create a graph similar to the one in Figure 5 that depicts each distance on the X axis, and the force on the Y axis. Your handwritten name must be included in your graph for credit.

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  1. Using the result of Question 1 for the experiment introduction, calculate the work done by the spring. Click here to enter text.

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EXPERIMENT 2: CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

Introduction Questions

  1. Consider the ball example in the introduction for the lab course where a ball is dropped from 3 meters. After the ball bounces, it rises to a height of 2 meters. The mass of the ball is 0.5 kg. a. Calculate the speed of the ball right before the bounce Click here to enter text. b. How much energy was converted into heat after the ball bounced off the ground? (Hint: Thermal Energy (TE) will now need to be included in your conservation of energy equation and you will now need to know the mass of the ball) Click here to enter text. c. What is the speed of the ball immediately after the ball bounces off the ground? Click here to enter text.

Data and Observations

Record your observed heights for each of the balls utilized in this experiment. Table 2. Bounce Back Height for Various Objects Ball Type Mass of Ball (kg) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average Height (m)* Ping Pong Ball Input^ Input^ Input^ Input^ Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input *Utilize masses in Table 3 if appropriate, or use a scale to find the masses. Table 3: Reference - Mass of Common Types of Sports Balls Ball Type Mass (kg) Ball Type Mass (kg) Ball Type Mass (kg) Ping Pong ball 0.0027 Golf ball 0.045 Soccer ball 0. Racquetball 0.042 Tennis ball 0.057 Basketball 0.

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Insert a photo that depicts the height you marked in Step 2 of the procedure and the method you used to measure this height. The measurement must match the value you reported in Table 2. Your handwritten name must appear in the background. Submissions without a photo depicting these requirements will be rejected. Include a photo of the 2 items you used with your handwritten name in the background. Note: One of those items must be a ping pong ball. All five items must be shown, and they must match your entries in Table 5. Submissions without a photo depicting these requirements will be rejected.

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Results and Discussion

For each of the observed heights, calculate the following and record the answers in Table 4, below. ● the potential energy (PE) of the ball before the drop. Remember, you should use the equation PE=mgh. ● the kinetic energy (KE) of the ball right before it bounces. Remember, total energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy. Right before the bounce, the potential energy has all been transferred into kinetic energy. ● the potential energy at the new height using PE=mgh. ● the thermal energy (TE) lost during the bounce, which is the difference between the original PE and the PE after the bounce. ● the kinetic energy after the bounce. Remember, this should be the difference between the KE just before the bounce and the lost TE. Table 4. State of Energy at Various Points in Motion Ball Type PE0.5 meters KEbefore bounce PEnew max height TE KEafter bounce Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input

  1. Calculate the speed of the ball right before and right after the bounce. Click here to enter text.

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EXPERIMENT 3: CONSERVATION OF ENERGY - DATA ANALYSIS

Introduction Questions

  1. In this experiment, you are given a set of data from an experiment carried out by someone else. Explain the experiment with enough detail to demonstrate your understanding. Click here to enter text.
  2. The analysis method this experiment utilizes is called the “leap-frog method”. Why do you think this is? Click here to enter text.
  3. What are the limitations of the leap-frog method? Click here to enter text.

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Results and Discussion

  1. Carefully graph the potential energy, kinetic energy, and total energy of the ball on one graph. The easiest way to do this is to copy the data into a spreadsheet program, but a hand drawn graph is also acceptable. If you decide to draw a graph by hand, it must be accurate. Include your name in the title of the graph, ensuring to use the same font and font size, if it is generated with graphing software, or handwrite it if your graph is generated by hand. Submissions with graphs that do not clearly reflect the data in Table 5, or that lack a name that is properly incorporated into the graph, will be rejected.
  2. Clearly describe the shape of each graph in detail. Click here to enter text.

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  1. Did the leap frog method affect any of the values in the graph? If so, which ones? How do you know? Click here to enter text.