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PHYS 1260 Exam 3 Questions with Solutions
1. image forming rays parallel to the optical axis (paraxial rays) pass through the...: focal
point
2. true or false: the image formed by a lens' first surface serves as an object for it's second
surface: true
3. what we call a positive lens is
actually a lens: convex
4. what we call a negative lens is
actually a lens: concave
5. optical power is the measure of the ability of a lens to...: refract light
6. a lens made from the wrong kind of glass will produce....: a chromatic abberation
7. true or false: light slows down in certain mediums: true
8. wave relationship of light is represented by the equation: v = f * λ
wave speed = frequency * wavelength units: m/s
9. index of refraction for water: 1.
10. index of refraction for air: 1
11. index of refraction for glass: 1.
12. true or false: part of the incident light is reflected and part is transmitted: true
13. reflectance: The percentage of light reflected from a surface
ratio of intensity of reflected light, Ir to the intensity of incident light, Ii
14. if there is no absorption of light at the surface...: R + T = 1
15. Most of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are: invisible
16. hubble telescope vs james webb telescope: hubble: mainly visible telescope, flat circular mirror,
one material james webb: mainly infrared telescope, honeycomb mirror (close to perfect mirror, used variety of layers of material)
17. snells law pertains to...: refraction
18. snells law equation: nsinθ = n'sinθ'
19. snells law follows what principle?: Fermat's principle of least time
20. snells law in words: when going from a low RI to a high RI (n), a transmitted ray is bent, or refracted, toward
the normal from a high to low RI, a transmitted ray is bent away, or refracted, away from the normal
21. why snells law?: when going from low RI to high RI, light slows down in response, path length is decreased, and the
angle decreases when going from a high RI to low RI, light speeds up, path length increases, and angle increases
22. RI of cornea is which is similar to : 1.24;
RI of water ~ 1.
36. a spectroscope is used to analyze a sample by separating it's components into a
spectrum. If lens 1 were omitted, the resulting spectrum would be...: much dimmer
37. the light speed when refracted in a medium: slows
38. real vs virtual image: real:
- light rays converge at location of image
- can be projected on screen virtual:
- light rays do not converge at location of image
- cannot be projected on screen
39. pinhole cameras produce
images that are : inverted
40. a magnifying lens is an example
of a lens: converging
41. diverging lens always produces images that are: SUV
small, upright, virtual
42. why do we see the mirage of wetness on pavement?: light picks up speed near the ground
bc the air is hotter and less dense than the air above, therefore the light bends upwards, producing a mirage
43. Because of
refraction, objects underwater appear and when the diver is looking through his/her mask.: closer and bigger
44. converging lenses are in the middle and
at the edges- : thicker; thinner
45. a chromatic aberration is the result of...: ditterent colors having ditterent speeds and therefore
refractions
46. how is a chromatic aberration corrected?: with achromatic lenses
47. there are no chromatic aberrations in...: mirrors
48. true or false: only a percentage of the light that strikes a surface is reflect- ed:
true
49. law of reflection: angle of incidence = angle of reflection
50. we say that light is reflected when it...: returns to the medium from which it came
51. the
image produced when looking at yourself in the mirror is : virtual
52. the virtual image
formed by a convex mirror is & to the mirror than the object: smaller & closer
53. the virtual image
formed by a concave mirror is & to the mirror than the object: larger & farther away
55. who proposed the electromagnetic theory?: Maxwell
56. what is light?: the oscillation of electric and magnetic fields
57. electric field and
magnetic field waves are to each other and to the direction of motion of the wave: perpendicular; perpendicular
58. true or false: electromagnetic waves never change speed: true! due to law of conser- vation
of energy
59. all electromagnetic waves
share the same and differ in : speed; frequency
60. the frequency of a wave is
the as the vibrating source that creates the wave: same frequency
61. light travels at speeds for different mediums: ditterent
62. why are infrared waves called heat waves?: vibration of entire molecule = increased internal energy =
increased temp
63. true or false: electric and magnetic fields regenerate one another: true
64. transparency: the property of materials to pass light in straight lines without being scattered (v < c)
65. an electromagnetic wave is an energy-carrying wave emitted by a
that is composed of & that each other: vibrating charge electric & magnetic fields regenerate
66. for total internal
reflection, the angle is than the critical angle: larger
67. far point: the farthest. point at which an object can be clearly seen
68. the cornea takes an
initial image that is refined by the lens: twice
69. initial image formed by the
cornea is placed at : P1 (not where it is supposed to be = P3)
70. myopia:
nearsightedness cannot see things far away
71. How do eyeglasses help a nearsighted person see more clearly?: places the image at the
far point corrects the path length of image-forming rays
72. what type of lens would we need to correct for a person's nearsightedness?-
: diverging (aka negative lens, concave lens)
73. a magnifying lens has a certain focal length. Compared to this magnifier, a
oil drop experiment
83. How are rainbows formed?: dispersion
84. the objective forms a image of the object.
since the object is distant, the image is at the objective's. the eyepiece is used as a to view the image formed by the objective, and so the objective. image must be at the of the eyepiece: real focal point magnifier focal point
85. thicker lens tend to have more :
aberrations lens becomes so thick that it becomes like a prism (chromatic aberration)
86. once a lens becomes so thick, the
telescope must be abandoned in favor of a telescope: refracting; reflecting
87. which of the following focal lengths would be appropriate for the ocular of an
astronomical telescope?: 2.5cm or 5cm (assumed far point = 25cm)
88. which of the following cannot travel in a vacuum?: sound waves
89. the fact that you can see stars in the nighttime sky is evidence that...: our
atmosphere is transparent to visible light
light can travel in a vacuum
90. light is reflected when: incident light is returned into the medium from which it came
91. When sunlight illuminates a page from your book it...: reflects most of it & absorbs at the text
lettering
92. Fermat's principle of least time is good for....: both refraction and reflection
93. the inversion of your image in a plane mirror is actually an inversion of...: -
left-right & front-back
94. Refraction occurs when light passing from one medium to another...: changes speed
95. when a light ray in air enters water at 15° from the normal, it...: always bends
towards the normal (low to high RI)
96. Which are consequences of different speeds of light in different media?: mi- rages
rainbows brilliant colors of diamonds
97. The type of lens that spreads parallel light is a....: diverging lens (concave) - makes it more diffuse
98. the type of lens that brings parallel light together is a...: converging lens (convex,
positive lens)
99. An upright object placed outside the focal point of a concave lens will pro- duce
an image that is...: virtual and upright
100. An upright object placed within the focal point of a concave lens will produce an image
that is...: virtual and upright
CCD chip
115. the process of accommodation is...: involuntary
116. everyone is farsighted...: under water
117. the baseline length of visual acuity is...: 1mm
118. a lens with a very short focal length produces a poor quality image due to...: all
of these: field curvature chromatic aberration distortion spherical aberration
