Physical Agent Modalities (PAMS)
PAMS - procedures and treatment interventions that use light, sound, water, temperature, and
electricity to modify client factors that limit occupational performance
are considered a preparatory method for the therapeutic use of occupations or purposeful activities
PAMS Regulation - local, state, and national levels
practitioner must demonstrate competence to administer PAMS
Cryotherapy - cools tissues to 1-2 cm depth
includes ice massage, ice, cold packs, cool water immersions and whirlpool
can help with pain relief, swelling, edema
AVOID use with clients w/impaired circulation, peripheral vascular disease, hypersensitivity to cold,
impaired sensation, open wounds or infections
Thermotherapy - heats tissue 1-2 cm depth
methods include heat packs, whirlpools, fluidotherapy, contrast baths and paraffin baths
helps to increase blood flow, rate of cell metabolism, inflammation, muscle contraction, O2
consumption. Decrease muscle spasms and pain.
AVOID use with clients w/acute inflammation, edema, sensory impairment, cancer, blood clot, infection,
cardiac problems and impaired cognition
Ultrasound - Sound waves with frequencies above the normal human range of hearing
