Physics chapter 3 matter, Study notes of Physics

GCSE ocr gateway physics chapter 3 matter

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2025/2026

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Chapter 3 - Matter
Key points Checklist
Matter
Particle model of matter and sub-atomic model of matter
Physical means: pure substance and mixture
Chemical means: element, compound
everything present on this earth is known as a matter which can be defined as
anything which occupies mass and space is called “matter 物物”. the matter is consists
of three fundamental states i.e., solid, liquid, and gas.
In biology, Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body
is composed of trillions of cells. Similarly, particles or atoms are the basic building
blocks of all matter existed in the world. We want through studying the properties of
particles of a matter to understand the characteristics of matter itself.
Macro – view (matter) Iron bar
Micro – view (study the smallest building block of an iron
bar)
Particle model of matter (atom)
Sub-atomic model of matter (electron)
Iron atom
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Chapter 3 - Matter

Key points Checklist Matter Particle model of matter and sub-atomic model of matter Physical means: pure substance and mixture Chemical means: element, compound everything present on this earth is known as a matter which can be defined as anything which occupies mass and space is called “matter 物物”. the matter is consists of three fundamental states i.e., solid, liquid, and gas. In biology, Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. Similarly, particles or atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter existed in the world. We want through studying the properties of particles of a matter to understand the characteristics of matter itself. Macro – view (matter) Iron bar Micro – view (study the smallest building block of an iron bar)  Particle model of matter (atom)  Sub-atomic model of matter (electron) Iron atom

Purity Impurity Pure substance 物物物 (substance) Mixture 物物物 -Pure Substances contain only a single type of substance. (macro view) -A pure substance is a substance comprised of only one type of particle. -Mixtures contain two or more pure substances. (macro view) components of a mixture can be separated (form 1-3) -evaporation -distillation and fractional distillation -chromatography -sublimation -crystallization Particle model All tiny thing is considered as particle (in physic) Attractive force between particles (weak) Sub-atomic model

covalent ) Persist for life of molecule In chemistry, we study sub-atomic model of matter to describe the change of state  We use idea of electron configuration (atom, molecule, compund and ions) 物物  At boiling point, heat energy is used to break the intermolecular force between water molecules 物物  The water molecule remain unchange in structure, ie there is no chemical change within water molecule.  (Gain or sharing electron ->Change from one element to another element) Eg Na (group 1) gain an electron becomes Mg (group 2) H 2 0 in all states, solid, liquid and gas