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PLANT KINGDOM
Class 11 Biology | NEET Notes
🔹 General Features :
Includes all eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms Cell wall made of cellulose Life cycle shows alternation of generations (haploid & diploid)
1 ️ ALGAE :
Aquatic, chlorophyll-bearing , thalloid body Classification (based on pigments)
🔹 Chlorophyceae (Green algae)
Pigment: Chlorophyll a, b Reserve food: Starch Cell wall: Cellulose Examples: Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Volvox
🔹️️ ️ Phaeophyceae (Brown algae) : ️
Pigment: Chlorophyll a, c + Fucoxanthin Reserve food: Laminarin, Mannitol Cell wall: Cellulose + Algin Examples: Sargassum, Laminaria
🔹️️ ️ Rhodophyceae (Red algae) : ️ Pigment: Chlorophyll a, d + Phycoerythrin Reserve food: Floridean starch Cell wall: Cellulose + Pectin Examples: Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gelidium , Gracilaria ALGAE COMPARISON TABLE ( NCERT ) 2 ️ BRYOPHYTES (Amphibians of Plant Kingdom) : Live in moist places No true roots, stems, leaves
4 ️ GYMNOSPERMS : Naked seeds (no fruits) Mostly woody, perennial Pollination by wind Xylem lacks vessels (except Gnetum) FEMALE CONS BEAR OVULES Examples: Cycas, Pinus, Gnetum 5 ️ ANGIOSPERMS (Flowering Plants) : Seeds enclosed in fruits
Have flowers Double fertilization present MOST ADVANCED PLANT GROUP Classification: Monocots : 1 cotyledon (e.g., wheat, maize) Dicots : 2 cotyledons (e.g., pea, sunflower) 🔹️️ ️ Alternation of Generations : ️ Haplontic : Algae ( Chlamydomonas) Diplontic : Gymnosperms & Angiosperms Haplodiplontic : Bryophytes & Pteridophytes
📌 Correct️ Answer: C
Q2.️ Which️ group️ of️ plants️ is️ called️ the️ “amphibians️ of️ plant️
kingdom”?
(NEET️ 2016)
A. Algae B. Bryophytes C. Pteridophytes D. Gymnosperms 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q3.️ Dominant️ generation️ in️ bryophytes️ is
(NEET️ 2019)
A. Sporophyte B. Gametophyte C. Both equal D. None 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q4.️ Which️ of️ the️ following️ is️ a️ heterosporous️ pteridophyte?
(NEET️ 2015)
A. Lycopodium B. Dryopteris C. Selaginella D. Pteris 📌 Correct️ Answer: C
Q5.️ Naked️ seeds️ are️ found️ in
(NEET️ 2017)
A. Angiosperms B. Bryophytes C. Pteridophytes D. Gymnosperms 📌 Correct️ Answer: D
Q6.️ Double️ fertilization️ is️ a️ characteristic️ feature️ of
(NEET️ 2014)
A. Gymnosperms B. Angiosperms C. Bryophytes D. Pteridophytes 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q7.️ Which️ algae️ is️ used️ for️ agar️ production?
(NEET️ 2013)
A. Chlamydomonas B. Spirogyra C. Gelidium D. Laminaria 📌 Correct️ Answer: C
Q8.️ The️ sporophyte️ is️ dependent️ on️ gametophyte️ in
(NEET️ 2020)
A. Algae
📌 Correct️ Answer: C
Q12.️ Red️ algae️ store️ food️ in️ the️ form️ of
(NEET️ 2014)
A. Starch B. Floridean starch C. Glycogen D. Laminarin 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q13.️ Antherozoids️ are️ motile️ in
(NEET️ 2015)
A. Bryophytes B. Pteridophytes C. Both A and B D. Gymnosperms 📌 Correct️ Answer: C
Q14.️ Which️ gymnosperm️ shows️ vessel️ elements?
(NEET️ 2017)
A. Cycas B. Pinus C. Gnetum D. Cedrus 📌 Correct️ Answer: C
Q15.️ The️ plant️ body️ of️ algae️ is️ called
(NEET️ 2013)
A. Sporophyte B. Thallus C. Gametophyte D. Protonema 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q16.️ Protonema️ stage️ is️ seen️ in
(NEET️ 2016)
A. Algae B. Bryophytes C. Pteridophytes D. Gymnosperms 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q17.️ Which️ plant️ has️ coralloid️ roots?
(NEET️ 2019)
A. Pinus B. Cycas C. Fern D. Selaginella 📌 Correct️ Answer: B
Q18.️ In️ which️ group️ is️ sporophyte️ completely️ independent?
(NEET️ 2020)
A. Bryophytes B. Algae
