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POLS 206: Chapter 3 Quiz Questions
Which of the following Supreme Court decisions stated that the federal income tax was unconstitutional? (a) McCulloch v. Maryland (b) Hammer v. Dagenhart (c) Lochner v. New York (d) Pollock v. Farmer's Loan and Trust Co. - Pollock v. Farmer's Loan and Trust Co. What is the most common form of federal aid that state and local governments get? (a) unfunded mandates (b) no national government (c) block grants (d) categorical grants - categorical grants Which of the following is a disadvantage of federalism? (a) State governments often choose to ignore or impede federal laws (b) Nationwide prejudices can be enshrined in law (c) Programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government (d) Determining penalties for violations of federal crime statutes can be difficult. - Programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government What event halted the conservative trend toward devolution that began in the early 1990s? (a) the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (b) the election of President Obama (c) welfare reform under President Clinton (d) Hurricane Katrina - the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 When Congress pressured the states to raise the drinking age from 18 to 21, which strategy did they use? (a) categorical grants (b) no national government influence (c) block grants (d) unfunded mandates - unfunded mandates
Which is an accurate statement describing the growth of the U.S. government? (a) Conservatives have consistently opposed the expansion of government power at the federal level (b) State governments have maintained their power against an expanding federal government (c) Despite a changing world, the needs and rights of the citizenry have largely stayed constant (d) Liberals have favored intervention by the federal government to fix problems that the states have not - Liberals have favored intervention by the federal government to fix problems that the states have not The U.S. government has never had to take over the functions of a state or local government because of the federal system created by the Constitution (a) true (b) false - false What is meant by the devolution of power in the United States (a) the appointment and confirmation of lower officials by the president and Congress (b) the lapse of government power when unused for a certain period of time (c) the declaration by a state that a federal law is void within its borders (d) the transfer of powers from federal to state governments - the transfer of powers from federal to state governments Which congressional strategy could be considered "coercive federalism"? (a) block grants (b) no national government influence (c) categorical grants (d) devolution - categorical grants What was the significance of the Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) decision? (a) It gave preference to state power (b) It set precedent for the Court to rule in economic matters (c) It broadened the necessary and proper clause (d) It allowed the federal government to regulate businesses - It allowed the federal government to regulate businesses Today, all of the states have a legal drinking age of 21. How did this happen (a) Congress passed a Constitutional Amendment setting the national drinking age (b) The federal government withheld funding for state highways until the states raised the drinking age to twenty-one
(a) The Tenth Amendment reserves all powers not explicitly given to the states for the federal government (b) The Fourteenth Amendment acts as a Bill of Rights for the powers of federal government over state governments (c) Article I, Section 10 denies the states powers that they had under the Articles of Confederation (d) The supremacy clause of Article VI mandates that in some cases states laws have higher authority than federal laws - Article I, Section 10 denies the states powers that they had under the Articles of Confederation McCulloch v. maryland: - Confirmed the supremacy of national over state government Cooley v. Board Wardens - States can regulate some parts of interstate business if local interests require it Gibbons v. Ogden - Congress has the power to regulate most interstate business under the commerce clause Dred Scott v. Sandford - Congress does not have the power to make laws for territories, like one to outlaw slavery The present-day Supreme Court has a liberal majority (a) true (b) false - false The Civil War represented a giant step toward which of the following? (a) the collapse of federalism (b) economic recession (c) stronger national government (d) stronger state governments - stronger national government Today, all of the states have a legal drinking age of 21. How did this happen? (a) California and Texas legislatures raise the age to twenty-one due to pressure from interest groups, and other states followed suit (b) Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act of 1982 (c) Congress passed a Constitutional Amendment setting the national drinking age (d) The federal government withheld funding for state highways until the states raised the drinking age to twenty-one - The federal government withheld funding for state highways until the states raised the drinking age to twenty-one What distinguishes the concept of dual federalism from that of cooperative federalism in the narrative of the United States government?
(a) Dual federalism only accepts the existence of two levels of government, while cooperative federalism allows the existence of local government under state and federal jurisdiction (b) Dual federalism encourages competition between the state and federal levels, as a system of checks and balances, while cooperative federalism views them as partners in government (c) Dual federalism conceptualizes state and federal powers as distinct, while cooperative federalism conceptualizes them as shared (d) Dual federalism promotes the supremacy of two branches, usually the legislative and executive, over the third, while cooperative federalism encourages them to work together. - Dual federalism conceptualizes state and federal powers as distinct, while cooperative federalism conceptualizes them as shared Which Supreme Court case established and secured the powers of the U.S. government to regulate business and its interests? (a) Pollock v. Farmer's Loan and Trust Company (b) Hammer v. Dagenhart (c) Supreme Court rulings on the New Deal (d) Lochner v. New York - Supreme Court rulings on the New Deal Which of the following is a disadvantage of federalism? (a) Programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government (b) Nationwide prejudices can be enshrined in law (c) Determining penalties for violations of federal crime statutes can be difficult (d) State governments often choose to ignore or impede federal laws - Programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government (ecall the weaknesses of the federal system, especially in its relationship with the states. Although federalism is a flexible system, it does have some drawbacks, including the fact that programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government) Local governments worry more than the federal government about pleasing their constituents because ______. (a) there are stricter term limits at the federal level (b) people who can afford it are likely to relocate to another country (c) people who can afford it are likely to relocate to another city or state (d) there are fewer appointments at the local level - people who can afford it are likely to relocate to another city or state
(d) Liberals have favored intervention by the federal government to fix problems that the states have not. - Liberals have favored intervention by the federal government to fix problems that the states have not. Which of the following is an example of the ways in which local prejudices can make their way into state law under a federalist system? (a) environmental regulations (b) school desegregation (c) restricting voting rights (d) marriage equality - restricting voting rights Block grants give states considerable freedom in using the funds (a) true (b) false - true The Federalists believed that the human tendencies toward corruption should be dealt with by (a) ignoring these characteristics because most people are basically good (b) socializing citizens to make decisions according to civic virtue (c) governing through monarchy making use of those characteristics to (d) produce good outcomes - produce good outcomes Which branch of government did the Founders expect to be the most important? (a) judicial (b) Legislative (c) executive (d) bureaucratic - Legislative The delegates at the Constitutional Convention (a) met in Philadelphia to reconstruct the foundations of American government (b) actively sought the input of foreign leaders (c) were very open to the press about their daily accomplishments (d) encouraged widespread public interest in what was happening at the convention - met in Philadelphia to reconstruct the foundations of American government The authors suggest that Thomas Jefferson might have changed John Locke's argument for government to protect property to protection of "the pursuit of happiness" because Jefferson
(a) was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery (b) liked the sound of "pursuit of happiness" better (c) was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect (d) could not remember what Locke had actually said - was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect According to John Locke, the foundation of government is (a) reason (b) faith (c) rules (d) authority - authority What did James Madison mean when he stated that the founders needed to "discover a republican remedy for those diseases most incident to republican government"? (a) A Bill of Rights needed to be added to the Constitution. (b) Government had to contain the will of the people even though it was based on the will of the people. (c) The country only needed stronger state governments in order to control the people. (d) The country needed to develop a court system to address the conflicting rights of citizens - Government had to contain the will of the people even though it was based on the will of the people When colonists paid taxes on playing cards, it was due to the regulations enforced under which act? (a) the Stamp Act (b) the Sugar Act (c) the Coercive Acts (d) the Townshend Acts - the Stamp Act The founders argued that freedom of religion is valuable for which reason? (a) Religion is not important enough to be of concern for government. (b) A state built on immigration is likely to have non-Christian citizens. (c) Linking religion and government threatens all individual freedom. (d) Religious involvement in politics stifles debate by unifying the populace. - Linking religion and government threatens all individual freedom The Anti-Federalists feared the adoption of the Constitution would lead to (a) a weak national government (b) attacks on property rights (c) popular tyranny
(a) The federal government makes laws, and the role of states is to follow them. (b) The sovereignty of states under certain conditions was accepted and defined by the federal government. (c) The Constitution was amended to remove state sovereignty and its associated powers from it. (d) The sovereignty of states under the Constitution was defeated and rejected, so they could not void federal law. - The sovereignty of states under the Constitution was defeated and rejected, so they could not void federal law Congress has the power to regulate most interstate business under the commerce clause. (a) Gibbons v Ogden (b) McCulloch v Maryland (c) Dred Scott v Sandford (d) Cooley v Board of Wardens - Gibbons v Ogden Which of the following is a disadvantage of federalism? (a) Nationwide prejudices can be enshrined in law (b) Programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government (c) State governments often choose to ignore or impede federal laws (d) Determining penalties for violations of federal crime statutes can be difficult - Programs and policies are often duplicated at different levels of government How does the Constitution limit the power of state governments? (a) The supremacy clause of Article VI mandates that in some cases states laws have higher authority than federal laws. (b) Article I, Section 10 denies the states powers that they had under the Articles of Confederation. (c) The Tenth Amendment reserves all powers not explicitly given to the states for the federal government. (d) The Fourteenth Amendment acts as a Bill of Rights for the powers of federal government over state governments - Article I, Section 10 denies the states powers that they had under the Articles of Confederation The U.S. government has never had to take over the functions of a state or local government because of the federal system created by the Constitution. (a) True (b) False - False The struggle between the national and state governments in the United States originated in the ______.
(a) Articles of Confederation (b) Magna Carta (c) Bill of rights (d) Constitution - Articles of Confederation Which is an accurate statement describing the growth of the U.S. government? (a) State governments have maintained their power against an expanding federal government. (b) Conservatives have consistently opposed the expansion of government power at the federal level. (c) Despite a changing world, the needs and rights of the citizenry have largely stayed constant. (d) Liberals have favored intervention by the federal government to fix problems that the states have not - Liberals have favored intervention by the federal government to fix problems that the states have not Congress can make any law necessary to carry out its responsibilities (a) Enumerated powers (b) Necessary and Proper clause (c) Supremacy Clause - Necessary and Proper clause What is one act of government that is possible under a unitary system of government like Britain but virtually unthinkable under a federal system like the United States? (a) abolishing a lower level of government (b) making new laws required to carry out its powers (c) giving veto powers to the executive (d) delegating powers to lower levels of government - abolishing a lower level of government What was the significance of the Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) decision? (a) It gave preference to state power. (b) It broadened the necessary and proper clause. (c) It set precedent for the Court to rule in economic matters. (d) It allowed the federal government to regulate businesses. - It allowed the federal government to regulate businesses Confirmed the supremacy of national over state government. (a) Gibbons v Ogden (b) McCulloch v Maryland (c) Dred Scott v Sandford
(a) True (b) False - False Local governments worry more than the federal government about pleasing their constituents because ______. (a) there are stricter term limits at the federal level (b) there are fewer appointments at the local level (c) people who can afford it are likely to relocate to another country (d) people who can afford it are likely to relocate to another city or state - people who can afford it are likely to relocate to another city or state The policies that most affect our everyday lives typically fall under state purview. (a) True (b) False - True Federalism allows government to do which of the following? (a) ignore state autonomy (b) nullify laws (c) respond to local needs (d) prevent laws from supporting local prejudices - respond to local needs Voting for referenda is one way that citizens can become involved in their local government. (a) True (b) False - True Why is local government not discussed at all in the Constitution? (a) Local government was intended to be entirely subordinate to state governments. (b) The founders wanted the states to administer their cities and counties directly. (c) The founders viewed regulating local governments as a violation of Article III. (d) No communities in the late 18th century were large enough to need their own governments - Local government was intended to be entirely subordinate to state governments The present-day Supreme Court has a liberal majority. (a) True (b) False - False The Constitution and the laws made by Congress are the supreme laws of the land.
(a) Enumerated powers (b) Necessary and Proper clause (c) Supremacy Clause - Supremacy Clause How has hyperpartisanship in the last few decades altered the relationship between state and federal governments in the United States? (a) It has regularly led to the federal government being under the unified control of one party or the other. (b) It has led to more creative ideas and solved many longstanding social problems. (c) It has caused gridlock in Congress, forcing many states to find their own solution to problems. (d) Members of Congress have gradually begun to be more loyal to the general populace rather than their local constituencies - It has caused gridlock in Congress, forcing many states to find their own solution to problems Today, all of the states have a legal drinking age of 21. How did this happen? (a) Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act of 1982. (b) California and Texas legislatures raise the age to twenty-one due to pressure from interest groups, and other states followed suit. (c) Congress passed a Constitutional Amendment setting the national drinking age. (d) The federal government withheld funding for state highways until the states raised the drinking age to twenty-one - The federal government withheld funding for state highways until the states raised the drinking age to twenty-one Which congressional strategy could be considered "coercive federalism"? (a) no national government influence (b) block grants (c) devolution (d) categorical grants - categorical grants How did John Marshall, the third chief justice of the United States Supreme Court, interpret the necessary and proper clause? (a) The supremacy clause trumps the necessary and proper clause, placing no limits on the expansion of Congress's power. (b) Congress could do whatever was appropriate to execute its constitutional powers, even if not addressed in the Constitution itself. (c) Popular approval and support are the measures by which Congress's actions should be judged necessary and proper. (d) Congress could only do what was absolutely essential to execute its constitutional powers - Congress could do whatever was appropriate to execute its constitutional powers, even if not addressed in the Constitution itself
