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A past exam paper from the cork institute of technology for the higher certificate in engineering in electronic engineering. The exam covers topics such as automation, angular displacement measurement, temperature measurement, potentiometers, robotics, flux, and pcb manufacturing. Students are required to answer questions related to drawing block diagrams, calculating resistances, deriving expressions, and identifying functions and components.
Typology: Exams
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Attempt FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Examiners: Mr. T Connolly Mr. J. Berry Dr. R. O’Dubhghaill
Q1. (a) As part of a computer-controlled, automated, closed loop industrial process, it is required to regulate the level and temperature of liquid in a vat. Draw a block diagram, which clearly shows your proposed solution, and write a short description of each block. [10 marks] (b) A sensor is used to measure temperature in a vat of liquid. Its voltage output varies with temperature as shown in the following table: Temp: 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ° C Voltage: 2.0 3.3 4.7 6.1 7.5 8.6 10 11.1 12.4 13.8 15.5 V Devise a linear rule, which relates temperature to voltage for this transducer. [8 marks]
(c) A thermistor has a resistance of 3K Ω at 60 ° C. Its temperature coefficient is –2% / ° C. Calculate the resistance of the thermistor at 20 ° C. [2 marks]
Q2. (a) Describe how a potentiometer with a range of 0 – 270 degrees might be used to measure angular displacement. Hence derive an expression that relates the potentiometer output to displacement angle. [10 marks] (b) Describe how an absolute optical encoder works. What is the benefit of using a Gray code instead of a binary count? [10 marks]
Q3. The circuit in Figure 2 is designed to measure temperature from 0°C up to 100 °C. The meter has a Full Scale Deflection of 1mA.
(a) Calculate the voltage on the wiper of the 1K potentiometer that will give an OpAmp output of 0V at 0°C. [5 marks]
(b) Calculate the value of Rf that will give an output of 5V at 100°C. [5 marks]
(b) Calculate the value of Rs that will give a Full Scale Deflection at 100°C. [4 marks]
(d) Distinguish between the thermistor and the thermocouple. (^) [6 marks]
10K
220R
PT
1K
12V 1V
3mA
12V
10K
10K
Rf
Rf
Rs
R (^) s
Figure 2
Q7. (a) List and describe six checks that a PCB substrate may be subjected to during the quality control process. [6 marks] (b) List the steps involved in fabricating a double-sided Printed Circuit Board. [8 marks] (c) Describe the tests that a PCB is subjected to, after the fabrication process. [6 marks]