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sample design in Power Plant which gives an basic information when conducting a research design
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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering ME 518D Code: 08359 Time: 1:30-3: Submitted To: Engr. Dominador J. Go, PME Submitted By: Basa, Robson Bersabal, Cegrow Ber Buling, Jan Lorenz Galorport, Lance Darren Lauron, Friyah Jane March 2020
There is very minimal environmental impact on the local ecosystem by utilizing micro power plant. These systems are mostly setup on locations capable of 100 kilowatts of electricity production. This power can supply sufficiently for home or small business facilities. The “head” and “flow” are calculated for its production range. Higher value of each, the higher power will be available. Small-scale hydro schemes can bring electricity for the first time to whole communities in remote areas. This can provide lighting, TV and communications for households, clinics, community buildings and schools. Electrical power generated is sufficient enough to operate machinery and refrigerators which are primary tools for homes and even small businesses.
The main objective of designing a Hydro Power Plant is to meet the power demand of Davao Region and to provide technicalities of know-how and policy that supports the local community with their cooperation and participation in using alternative energy such as solar energy in rural areas that is far from the national grid. This is to get more number of electric powered villages and to generate more electricity from renewable energy sources with great effort. To sustain shelf-life in satisfactory level the following conditions must be followed: i. Recreation ii. Transportation iii. Employment iv. Inland Fisheries v. Aids flood control vi. Aids in irrigation facilities vii. Aids in electricity generation
Cement Standards The cement covered by this specification shall contain no additions except as provided for below:
Sustainability – depicts the durability of the product basically its ability to withstand the environment in which is located on and the length of its operating lifespan. This also refers to the ability of the product to still work under heavy conditions. The estimated operating lifespan of the product by the researchers is roughly 5 years. The researchers intended to create two design models in which each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages in sustainability. Expected lifespan – the estimated lifespan of the product is the ability of the product to maintain its service under a given timeframe. Performance under heavy usage – refers to how the product works under heavy usage and prolonged periods with steady performance. Maintenance – the product’s maintenance also affects its sustainability. These criteria describe the case to repair any deformities or malfunctions in the product back to optimal conditions. Manufacturability – refers to the case of assembly, its availability for mass production and will contribute to the high return of investment (ROI) to its manufacturers. This is the main aspect where marketability of the product is decided. Easy to produce – the product is easy to produce based on its design and complexity. This can contribute to speed and the easy access to understanding the whole framework of the product and will give way to further innovations. Marketable – the marketability of the product is the effectiveness in penetrating target markets and can sustain a steady foundation on its classification. Minimum cost, maximum reliability – as the name itself, with minimum cost and maximum reliability, manufacturing rates can be heightened.
Trade Matrix The proponents used the Pugh matrix for the analysis to indicate the importance of each research constraint: the economy, manufacturability, and the sustainability. A consensus was conducted and results were computed. Sustainability appeared to be the highest with the value of 43.40 because we considered the sustainability of the design with high regard for the usage of the community. Then, followed by the Economy with the value of 29.56 since the project itself should be budget-friendly for the residents in rural areas. Then the least value is the Manufacturability with the value of 27.04 respectively. Selection Criteria Constraints Weight (%) Pugh Concept Selection Matrix Weight (%) Design Concepts Design 1 Design 2 Economy 29. Is cost efficient based on cost- benefit analysis
Productivity of the system
Budget-friendly 10.52 3 4 Manufacturability 27. Easy to produce
Marketable 9.82 3 3 Minimum cost. Maximum reliability
Trade-off Analysis COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES: WEIGHTS OF CRITERIA 1 Equal 2 Moderate 3 Strong 4 Very Strong 5 Extreme VALUES INTERPRETATION 1 i and j are equally important 2 i is slightly more important than j 3 i is more important than j 4 i is strongly more important than j 5 i is absolutely more important than j CONSTRAINTS:
Economy 29.56% Criteria: A Financial Security B Productivity of the system C Budget friendly A B C A 1 1 1 3 1 3 B 1 2 1 1 1 2 C 2 3 1 3 1 1 Squaring the matrix 1 0.33 0.33 1 0.33 0. 0.5 1 0.5 0.5 1 0. 0.67 0.33 1 0.67 0.33 1 Sum Weight Actual weight 1.39 0.78 0.83 3.83 28.3 8. = 1.33 1.33 1.17 = 3.83 = 36.1 10. 1.83 0.89 1.39 3.78 35.6 10. 13.9 100 29. Sustainability 43.40 % Criteria: A Expected life span B Performance under heavy usage C Maintenance A B C
Sum Weight Actual weight 3.25 7 7 17.3 34.3 9. = 4 5.8 8.5 = 18.3 = 36.3 9. 4 4.3 6.5 14.8 29.4 7. 50.3 100 27.
Site Location Site Designation: The proposed Hydro Power Plant will be located at Sibulan River in Sta. Cruz, Davao Del sur. It is also located near the border of Davao City. It is an ideal location because the water comes from Mount Talomo which has a high elevation then goes down to the Davao gulf. Land, Building and Civil Work Built-up area of the plant is comprised of Reservoir Dam Penstock Power House CLIMATIC CONDITIONS:
ISO Conditions Air Temperature to reservoir 29 °C Atmospheric pressure 750 mm Hg Relative Humidity 60 % Water Temp at reservoir inlet 26 °C Site Conditions (Assumed) Air Temperature to reservoir 26 °C Relative Humidity 65 % Water Temp at reservoir inlet 23 °C SIMPLE PLAN LAY OUT Design Components of the Hydro Power Plant
submerged and the pressure of the water changes as it moves through the blades of the turbine.[4]
Design Computations: Design 1 Using Francis Turbine Given parameters: Power Generated = 5 MW Net Head = 80 meters (based on Power Plant Engineering Review for Francis Turbine ) Penstock Length = 80 meters Headwater elevation = 100 meters Turbine Efficiency = 85 % (based on Power Plant Engineering reviewer) Generator Efficiency = 90 % (assumed) Solution: Solving for the turbine power:
