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Physiology
study of physical responses/characteristic
TERM 2
Exercise
DEFINITION 2
-physical activity of varying types-stressors
TERM 3
Exercise physiology
DEFINITION 3
study of physical responses to exercise as a stressor
TERM 4
The Cardiovascular System
DEFINITION 4
is composed of the circulatory system and the pulmonary
system
TERM 5
Purpose of the cardiovascular system
DEFINITION 5
Transport of O2 and other nutrients to tissuesWaste
RemovalRegulation of body temperature
Purpose of the heart
to pump blood
TERM 7
Purpose of arteries and arterioles
DEFINITION 7
to carry blood away from the heart
TERM 8
Purpose of capillaries
DEFINITION 8
exchange of nutrients with tissues
TERM 9
Purpose of veins and venules
DEFINITION 9
to carry blood towards the heart
TERM 10
Systemic
circuit
DEFINITION 10
-left side of the heart-pumps oxygenated blood to the whole
body via arteries-returns deoxygenated blood to the right
heart via veins
The cardiac cycle includes
the contraction phase (systole) and the relaxation phase
(diastole)
TERM 17
Systole
DEFINITION 17
contraction phasemarked by increased pressure and
decreased volume
TERM 18
Diastole
DEFINITION 18
the relaxation phase
TERM 19
What makes a complete beat?
DEFINITION 19
systole + diastole
TERM 20
Arterial blood pressure
DEFINITION 20
systolic/diastolicnormal: 120/80 mm Hghigh: 140/90 mm Hg
Systolic pressure
pressure generated during ventricular contraction (systole)
TERM 22
Diastolic pressure
DEFINITION 22
pressure in the arteries during cardiac relaxation (diastole)
TERM 23
Pulse pressure
DEFINITION 23
systolic-diastolic
TERM 24
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
DEFINITION 24
average pressure in the arteriesMAP= diastolic + 1/
(systolic - diastolic)
TERM 25
hypertension
DEFINITION 25
blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg
Conduction system
SA node to AV node to AV bundle branches to purkinje fibers
TERM 32
Electrocardiogram
DEFINITION 32
records the electrical activity of the heart
TERM 33
P-wave
DEFINITION 33
atrial depolarization
TERM 34
QRS comples
DEFINITION 34
ventricular depolarization
TERM 35
T-wave
DEFINITION 35
ventricular repolarization
Gastrulation
after an egg is fertilized, the cells specialize into three germ
layers
TERM 37
Endoderm
DEFINITION 37
Innermost layer that eventually forms digestive system
TERM 38
Mesodern
DEFINITION 38
middle layer that forms somite cells from which muscle, bone
and the vascular system arise as well as dermis (the inner
layer of skin)
TERM 39
Ectoderm
DEFINITION 39
outer layer that forms the outer skin layer
TERM 40
myogenic precursor/ muscle progenitor cells
DEFINITION 40
interchangable terms to describe embryonic cells whose
normal developmental fate is to become muscle cells
muscle fiber
mature myotube
TERM 47
terminal differentiation
DEFINITION 47
myoblast cells can no longer divide(cell cycle arrest); myoD
family of transcription factors activated to drive expression of
genes that code for muscle specific proteins (eg muscle
creatine kinase, troponins, I, C, T, actin, myosin)
