PPGA 503 Statistics Midterm Exam
'n' - ANSWER-sample size= the number of subjects in the sample.
'n', and 'y ! ' - ANSWER-n= sample size and y ! (ybar) - mean of 'n'
6 causes of sampling error - ANSWER-sampling error, sampling bias, non-probability
sampling, volunteer sampling, selection bias undercoverage
bivariate analysis - ANSWER-the analysis of two variables simultaneously: the
response variable and the explanatory variable aka dependent and independent
Cluster Random Sample - ANSWER-Divide the population into a large number of
clusters, such as city blocks. Select a simple random sample of the clusters. Use the
subjects in those clusters as the sample.
description - ANSWER-Summarizing the data obtained in the study
descriptive or inferential statistical analysis - ANSWER-describe the data or to make
predictions from a sample
descriptive statistics - ANSWER-statistics that summarize the data collected in a study
descriptive statistics - ANSWER-summarize the information in a collection of data.
Descriptive statistics reduce the data to a simpler and more understandable form
without distorting or losing much information.
design - ANSWER-Planning how to gather data for a research study to investigate
questions of interest to us.
deviation - ANSWER-the difference between observations; yi from the sample mean y !
is (yi − y ! )
discrete vs continual - ANSWER-discrete is a number ie number of siblings. continual
gets more precise each time you improve your measurement ie weight
experiment + treatments - ANSWER-treatments are the conditions in an experiment.
frequency distribution - ANSWER-a listing of possible values for a variable, together
with the number of observations at each value.
inferential statistics - ANSWER-provide predictions about a population, based on data
from a sample of that population. can predict characteristics of populations well by
selecting samples that are small relative to the population size.
