PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
For a good background, the researcher can state the
antecedents of the study, the reason why this topic
is proposed relative to previous studies.
The Background includes:
1. Discussion of the problem in general and
the specific situations as observed and
experienced by the researcher (macro to
micro approach)
2. Concepts and ideas related to the problem
including clarification of important
terminologies; and
3. Discussion of the existing or present
conditions and what is aimed to be in the
future or the gap to be filled- in by the
research.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- tells what is done to make the situation that exists
more like what it should be. It exposes anything that
is wrong with the situation or condition or
circumstance which is being described.
OBJECTIVE OR PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
- it is the first part of the problem where the
researchers state the problem
- this is a statement of a long-term objective
expected to be achieved by the study
- this is derived by the identification and
crystallization of the research problem and as
reflected in the title
- it is prefixed by these introductory phrases:
Ex. ‘The main objective of this study is to…’
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Scope – describes the coverage of the study. It
specifies what is covered in terms of concepts,
number of subjects or the population included in the
study, as well as the timeline when the study was
conducted.
Delimit – by citing factors or variables that are not to
be included and the boundary in terms of time
frame, number of subjects, participants or
respondents who are excluded. Specify that which
you will not deal within the study.
This section discusses the parameters of the
research in paragraph. It answers the basic
questions:
What – the topic of investigation and the variables
included
Where – the venue or the setting of the research
When – the time frame by which the study was
conducted
Why – the general objectives of the research
Who – the subject of the study, the population and
sampling
How – the methodology of the research which may
include the research design, methodology, and the
research instruments
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- defines who will benefit out of the findings of the
study usually the beneficiaries of the study are those
experts concerned about the problem, the
administrators or policy-makers who make the
decisions or implement program.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Reference – important part of research paper.
- It must be consistent and easy to read across
different papers. There are predefined styles stating
how to set them out – these are called citation
styles.
Referencing is a method used to demonstrate to the
readers that you have conducted a thorough and
appropriate literature.
Functions of Review of Literature and Studies
1. To provide justification of the study.
2. To identify gaps, problems, and needs of
related studies.
3. To provide the rationale of the study as well
as the reasons of conducting the study.
