Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics Homework 4, Assignments of Computer Science

The instructions and questions for homework 4 in the csci-4967: three-dimensional computer graphics course, due on november 4, 2004. The homework covers topics such as bezier surface patches, splines, implicit surface representations, and ray tracing.

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Homework 4
CSCI-4967: Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics
Fall 2004
Due: Thursday, November 4, 2004
Homeworks are due at the beginning of lecture on Thursday, November 4. Late homeworks
will receive no credit. Homeworks are to be done individually and will be graded on the basis of
correctness, clarity, and legibility. Show the steps in your work where appropriate. Each question
is worth 10 points, for a total of 50 points.
Be sure to write your name,section number, and RPI email address on your homework
submission.
1. Given an array pj,k of control points, 0 jm, 0 kn, the Bezier surface patch is given
by
P(u, v) =
m
X
j=0
n
X
k=0
pj,kB ezj,m(u)Bezk,n(v)
for 0 u, v 1, where Bezj,m(u) and Bezk ,n(v) denote Bezier blending functions of degree m
and nrespectively. Consider a bicubic Bezier surface patch, that is, a patch with m=n= 3.
(a) Given any fixed u0, 0 u01, define the u0-slice to be the curve c(v) = P(u0, v). Show
that c(v) is a Bezier curve of degree 3.
(b) What are the four control points for the curve c(v)?
(c) What is the normal vector to the Bezier surface at P(u= 0, v = 0)?
2. (a) What are the advantages of using a spline based representation of objects such as the
Utah teapot instead of a polygonal mesh representation?
(b) You want to know whether a given point P= (x, y, z) lies on a surface. With which
surface representation is it easier to answer this query: parametric or implicit? Justify
your answer.
(c) Give an implicit surface representation of a (right circular) cone with its vertex at the
origin and with its central axis along the positive Zaxis. That is, give an implicit
function f(x, y, z) = 0 that describes the surface of the cone. Assume the cone makes
an angle of αwith the Zaxis.
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Homework 4

CSCI-4967: Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics

Fall 2004

Due: Thursday, November 4, 2004

Homeworks are due at the beginning of lecture on Thursday, November 4. Late homeworks will receive no credit. Homeworks are to be done individually and will be graded on the basis of correctness, clarity, and legibility. Show the steps in your work where appropriate. Each question is worth 10 points, for a total of 50 points.

Be sure to write your name, section number, and RPI email address on your homework submission.

  1. Given an array pj,k of control points, 0 ≤ j ≤ m, 0 ≤ k ≤ n, the Bezier surface patch is given by

P(u, v) =

∑^ m

j=

∑^ n

k=

pj,kBezj,m(u)Bezk,n(v)

for 0 ≤ u, v ≤ 1, where Bezj,m(u) and Bezk,n(v) denote Bezier blending functions of degree m and n respectively. Consider a bicubic Bezier surface patch, that is, a patch with m = n = 3.

(a) Given any fixed u 0 , 0 ≤ u 0 ≤ 1, define the u 0 -slice to be the curve c(v) = P(u 0 , v). Show that c(v) is a Bezier curve of degree 3. (b) What are the four control points for the curve c(v)? (c) What is the normal vector to the Bezier surface at P(u = 0, v = 0)?

  1. (a) What are the advantages of using a spline based representation of objects such as the Utah teapot instead of a polygonal mesh representation? (b) You want to know whether a given point P = (x, y, z) lies on a surface. With which surface representation is it easier to answer this query: parametric or implicit? Justify your answer. (c) Give an implicit surface representation of a (right circular) cone with its vertex at the origin and with its central axis along the positive Z axis. That is, give an implicit function f (x, y, z) = 0 that describes the surface of the cone. Assume the cone makes an angle of α with the Z axis.
  1. (a) Consider drawing an ellipsoid using OpenGL. Write a snippet of code to draw an axis- aligned ellipsoid centered at (1, 3, 5) such that its axis parallel to the X axis has length 2 units, its axis parallel to the Y axis has length 8 units, and its axis parallel to the Z axis has length 6 units. After completion, the modelview matrix should be unchanged from its original value. (b) Write the parametric representation of this ellipsoid, indicating the ranges of the param- eters.
  2. Consider a scene with l light sources that is to be ray traced. Let the maximum depth of the ray tree be dmax (where a ray tree of depth of 1 has a single reflected ray and a single transmitted ray after the first intersection with a surface). Assume a single ray is generated per pixel.

(a) Compute the maximum number of reflected and transmitted rays generated. (b) Compute the maximum number of shadow rays generated. (c) Compute the maximum total number of rays generated if the image resolution is 1024 ×

  1. Compute the intersection points of a ray P 0 +sˆu with the infinite cylinder of radius 2 centered at the origin and with its axis along the Y axis. Assume P 0 = (4, 0 , 3) and ˆu = 131 (− 4 , 12 , −3).