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practise notes for physical sciences, Summaries of Physics

University of KwaZulu-NatalPhysics

notes for practising physics . summarised notes

Typology: Summaries

2022/2023

Uploaded on 11/12/2023

phoh-hlophe
phoh-hlophe 🇿🇦

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INSPIRING GREATNESS
Augmented Engineering Physics 1A
Periodic Motion
E. Zhandire
INSPIRING GREATNESS
Periodic Motion-Learning Goals:
Looking forward at …
• how to describe oscillations in terms of amplitude,
period, frequency, and angular frequency.
• how to apply the ideas of simple harmonic motion to
different physical situations.
• how to analyze the motions of a pendulum.
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INSPIRING GREATNESS Augmented Engineering Physics 1A

Periodic Motion

E. Zhandire Periodic Motion-Learning Goals: Looking forward at …

  • how to describe oscillations in terms of amplitude, period, frequency, and angular frequency.
  • how to apply the ideas of simple harmonic motion to different physical situations.
  • how to analyze the motions of a pendulum.

INSPIRING GREATNESS Introduction

  • Many kinds of motion (such as a pendulum, musical vibrations, and pistons in car engines) repeat themselves. We call such behavior periodic motion or oscillation. What causes periodic motion?
  • If a body attached to a spring is displaced from its equilibrium position, the spring exerts a restoring force on it, which tends to restore the object to the equilibrium position.
  • This force causes oscillation of the system, or periodic motion.

INSPIRING GREATNESS What causes periodic motion? What causes periodic motion?

INSPIRING GREATNESS Characteristics of periodic motion ExampleEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEExxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmpppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppllllllllllllllllllllllllllleeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

INSPIRING GREATNESS SHM and Uniform Circular Motion SHM and Uniform Circular Motion

INSPIRING GREATNESS SHM and Uniform Circular Motion Characteristics of SHM

  • For a body of mass m vibrating by an ideal spring with a force constant k :

INSPIRING GREATNESS Displacement as a function of time in SHM

  • Increasing m with the same A and k increases the period of the displacement vs time graph. Displacement as a function of time in SHM
  • Increasing k with the same A and m decreases the period of the displacement vs time graph.

INSPIRING GREATNESS Displacement as a function of time in SHM

  • Increasing A with the same m and k does not change the period of the displacement vs time graph. Displacement as a function of time in SHM
  • Increasing Κ with the same A , m , and k only shifts the displacement vs time graph to the left.

INSPIRING GREATNESS SHM Equations Summary

INSPIRING GREATNESS

INSPIRING GREATNESS Energy diagrams for SHM

  • The potential energy U and total mechanical energy E for a body in SHM as a function of displacement x. Energy diagrams for SHM
  • The potential energy U , kinetic energy K , and total mechanical energy E for a body in SHM as a function of displacement x.

INSPIRING GREATNESS

INSPIRING GREATNESS Angular SHM

  • A coil spring exerts a restoring torque is called the torsion constant of the spring.
  • The result is angular simple harmonic motion. The simple pendulum
  • A simple pendulum consists of a point mass (the bob) suspended by a massless, unstretchable string.
  • If the pendulum swings with a small amplitude ߠ with the vertical, its motion is simple harmonic.

INSPIRING GREATNESS Simple Pendulum