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Lab Safety, Scientific Method, Units & Branches of Science, Schemes and Mind Maps of Chemistry

Chemistry

A comprehensive overview of essential lab safety rules for high school science students. It covers topics such as handling chemicals, electrical equipment, and glassware, emphasizing the importance of safety precautions. The document also delves into the scientific method, explaining the steps involved in conducting experiments and analyzing data. It further explores units of measurement, including the si base units and prefixes, and provides examples of conversions. Finally, the document introduces various branches of science, including biological, physical, and earth sciences, highlighting their interconnections and applications.

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2024/2025

Available from 01/31/2025

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Cairo International School (American Division)

Final Revision Sheet Q.2

Science (G.9)

Important Lab Safety Rules:

 Food, Beverages, chewing gum, and tobacco products are

NEVER permitted in the lab

 Never Taste chemicals. Don’t touch chemicals or allow

them to contact areas of bare skin

 Don’t use electrical equipment with frayed or twisted

wires

 Be sure your hands are dry before using electrical

equipment

 Keep work areas and apparatus clean and neat

 No contact lenses in lab

 NEVER work alone in a lab

 Only books and notebooks needed for the experiment

should be in the lab

 Read the entire experiment before entering the lab

 Read chemicals labels

 Don’t let electrical cords dangle from workstations;

dangling cords cause tripping or electrical shocks

 Use a sparker to light a Bunsen Burner

Partial preview of the text

Download Lab Safety, Scientific Method, Units & Branches of Science and more Schemes and Mind Maps Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

Cairo International School (American Division)

Final Revision Sheet Q.

Science (G.9)

Important Lab Safety Rules:

 Food, Beverages, chewing gum, and tobacco products are

NEVER permitted in the lab

 Never Taste chemicals. Don’t touch chemicals or allow

them to contact areas of bare skin

 Don’t use electrical equipment with frayed or twisted

wires

 Be sure your hands are dry before using electrical

equipment

 Keep work areas and apparatus clean and neat

 No contact lenses in lab

 NEVER work alone in a lab

 Only books and notebooks needed for the experiment

should be in the lab

 Read the entire experiment before entering the lab

 Read chemicals labels

 Don’t let electrical cords dangle from workstations;

dangling cords cause tripping or electrical shocks

 Use a sparker to light a Bunsen Burner

Name of Symbol Indication Symbols Eye Protection Wear Safety Goggles Know where the eyewash station is located and how to use it Avoid looking at light source because it can damage your eyes Hand Safety Wear latex or gloves to protect your hands from chemicals Use a hot mitt to handle resistors or other equipment that may be hot Clothing Protection Wear a laboratory apron or lab coat to protect your clothing Tie your long hair back, secure loose clothing and remove loose jewelry to prevent their coming in contact with chemicals Heating Safety When using Bunsen burner always wear safety goggles, Laboratory apron to protect your eyes and clothing Tie back your long hair, secure loose clothing, remove loose jewelry If your clothing catches on fire, walk to the emergency lab shower and use it

Electrical Hazard

_______________

Toxic ________________ Flammable _____________

Lesson 1: The Nature of Science

Biological Science: (Science of Living Things) Physical Science: (Science of Matter and Energy) Earth Science: (Science of Earth) Botany: Science of Plants Physics: Forces & Energy Geology: Science of Physical Nature & History of Earth Zoology: Science of Animals Chemistry: Matter & its changes Meteorology: Science of Atmosphere & Weather Ecology: Science of Balance in Nature Other Branches Other Branches: ( Medicine and Agriculture)

Working Science and Technology Together:

 Science and Technology depends on each other because

by studying science we can make technology and by

getting more information we can make more and new

technology

 Science and Technology depend on each other because

scientific discoveries lead to new technologies, and

technological advancements provide tools for further

scientific research.

Notes:

 A scientist makes objective observations

 A scientist confirms results by repeating experiments &

learns more by designing & conducting new experiments

 Scientific laws & Theories are supported by repeated

observations but may be changed when observation is

made that are not consistent with predictions

 Model used to represent real situations and to make

predictions like model airplane

Units of Measurement:

SI Base Units

Quantity Unit Abbreviation

Length meter m

Mass Kilogram kg

Time second s

Temperature kelvin K

Electric Current ampere A

Amount of

Substance

mole mol

Luminous Intensity candela cd

Prefixes used for Large Measurement:

Prefix Symbol Meaning Multiple of

Base Units

Kilo- k Thousand 1000

Mega- M Million 1000 000

Giga- G Billion 1000 000 000

Prefixes used for Small Measurements:

Prefix Symbol Meaning Multiple of

Base Units

deci- d tenth 0.

centi- c hundredth 0.

milli- m thousandth 0.

micro- 𝜇 millionth 0.000 001

nano- n billionth 0.000 000 001

Conversion: For example:

1. If you are converting to a smaller unit, multiply the

measurement to get a bigger number to write 1.85 m as a

centimeter you multiply by 100 like:

 1.85m X

100 𝑐𝑚 1 𝑚

= 185cm

2. If you are converting to a larger unit divide the

measurement to get a smaller number to change 185

centimeters to meters divide by 100 like:

 185cm X

1 𝑚 100 𝑐𝑚

= 1.85m

Note: Memorize the table of SI units well to answer.

Exercise :

550 millimeters as meters. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2500 milligrams to kilograms. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Write 3 micrograms as nanograms. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Data Organization  Line graph : shows continuous change  Bar graphs : compare between items  Pie charts : parts of a whole Scientific Notation: is a value written as a simple number multiplied by a power of 10

= 10 000 10

= 1000 10

= 10

= 1 10

= 0. 10

= 0. Definitions:  Length : the straight-line distance between any two points  Mass : A measure of the quantity of matter in an object.  Volume : A measure of space, such as the capacity of a container  Weight : the force with which gravity pulls on a quantity of matter  Science : A system of Knowledge based on facts of principles.

 Scientific Notation: is a value written as a simple number multiplied by a power of 10  Chemistry : the study of matter and how it changes.  Matter : anything that has mass and occupies space.  Element : a substance that cannot be broken into simpler substance.  Atom : the smallest particles that has properties of an element.  Compound : a substance made of atoms of more than one element bound together.  Molecule : the smallest unit of a substance that exhibits all of the property’s characteristic of that substance.  Pure Substance : any matter that has a fixed composition and definite properties  Mixture : A combination of more than one pure substance.  Miscible : describes two or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each other in various proportions.  Immiscible : describes two or more liquids that don't mix into each other  Solid : has definite Shape and definite volume.  Liquid: has a definite shape and indefinite volume.  Gas: Has indefinite shape and volume

Lab Safety, Scientific Method, Units & Branches of Science, Schemes and Mind Maps of Chemistry

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Lab Safety, Scientific Method, Units & Branches of Science and more Schemes and Mind Maps Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

Cairo International School (American Division)

Final Revision Sheet Q.

Science (G.9)

Important Lab Safety Rules:

 Food, Beverages, chewing gum, and tobacco products are

NEVER permitted in the lab

 Never Taste chemicals. Don’t touch chemicals or allow

them to contact areas of bare skin

 Don’t use electrical equipment with frayed or twisted

wires

 Be sure your hands are dry before using electrical

equipment

 Keep work areas and apparatus clean and neat

 No contact lenses in lab

 NEVER work alone in a lab

 Only books and notebooks needed for the experiment

should be in the lab

 Read the entire experiment before entering the lab

 Read chemicals labels

 Don’t let electrical cords dangle from workstations;

dangling cords cause tripping or electrical shocks

 Use a sparker to light a Bunsen Burner

_______________

Lesson 1: The Nature of Science

Working Science and Technology Together:

 Science and Technology depends on each other because

by studying science we can make technology and by

getting more information we can make more and new

technology

 Science and Technology depend on each other because

scientific discoveries lead to new technologies, and

technological advancements provide tools for further

scientific research.

Notes:

 A scientist makes objective observations

 A scientist confirms results by repeating experiments &

learns more by designing & conducting new experiments

 Scientific laws & Theories are supported by repeated

observations but may be changed when observation is

made that are not consistent with predictions

 Model used to represent real situations and to make

predictions like model airplane

SI Base Units

Quantity Unit Abbreviation

Length meter m

Mass Kilogram kg

Time second s

Temperature kelvin K

Electric Current ampere A

Amount of

Substance

mole mol

Luminous Intensity candela cd

Prefix Symbol Meaning Multiple of

Base Units

Kilo- k Thousand 1000

Mega- M Million 1000 000

Giga- G Billion 1000 000 000

Prefix Symbol Meaning Multiple of

Base Units

deci- d tenth 0.

centi- c hundredth 0.

milli- m thousandth 0.

micro- 𝜇 millionth 0.000 001

nano- n billionth 0.000 000 001

1. If you are converting to a smaller unit, multiply the

measurement to get a bigger number to write 1.85 m as a

centimeter you multiply by 100 like:

 1.85m X

= 185cm

2. If you are converting to a larger unit divide the

measurement to get a smaller number to change 185

centimeters to meters divide by 100 like:

 185cm X

= 1.85m

Exercise :