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Fluids & Pressure Fluids & Pressure
Forces in FluidsForces in Fluids
ObjectivesObjectives
Describe how fluids exert pressure.Describe how fluids exert pressure. Analyze how fluid depth affectsAnalyze how fluid depth affects pressure.pressure. Give examples of fluids flowing fromGive examples of fluids flowing from high pressure to low pressure.high pressure to low pressure. State and apply PascalState and apply Pascal’’s principle.s principle.
VocabularyVocabulary
^ fluidfluid (^) pressurepressure pascalpascal atmospheric pressureatmospheric pressure densitydensity PascalPascal’’s principles principle
What is a Fluid? What is a Fluid?
(^) Any material that can flow and takeAny material that can flow and take the shape of its container.the shape of its container. LiquidsLiquids
- • waterwater
- • (^) oiloil GasesGases
- • COCO 22
- • oxygenoxygen
What is Pressure? What is Pressure?
Water pressureWater pressure Air pressureAir pressure ^ Blood pressureBlood pressure (^) The amount of force exerted on aThe amount of force exerted on a given area.given area.
PRESSURE = FORCEPRESSURE = FORCE^ ÷÷^ AREAAREA
Calculate PressureCalculate Pressure
Find the pressure exerted by a 1,000 N Find the pressure exerted by a 1,000 N crate with an area of 5 mcrate with an area of 5 m^22 .. Pressure = Force Pressure = Force ÷÷ AreaArea Pressure = 1,000 N Pressure = 1,000 N (^) ÷÷ 5 m5 m^22 Pressure = 200 N/mPressure = 200 N/m^22 Pressure = 200 Pa Pressure = 200 Pa *Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit for pressure *Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit for pressure
Pressure is Pressure is ““VaryVary”” DifferentDifferent
Mt. Everest Mt. Everest – – 3030 kPakPa SiberiaSiberia – – 108108 kPakPa
Pressure Depends on Depth Pressure Depends on Depth
The deeper an object in a fluid, theThe deeper an object in a fluid, the moremore^ pressure the fluid exerts onpressure the fluid exerts on the object.the object. ^ The shallower an object in a fluid,The shallower an object in a fluid, thethe lessless pressure the fluid exerts onpressure the fluid exerts on the object.the object.
Does Amount Count? Does Amount Count?
No.No. Pressure does NOT depend on thePressure does NOT depend on the amount of fluid present but theamount of fluid present but the depthdepth of the fluid.of the fluid. Which is under more pressure? Which is under more pressure? ^ A kid swimming in 1 foot of water inA kid swimming in 1 foot of water in the ocean. the ocean. A kid swimming in 9 feet of water inA kid swimming in 9 feet of water in a swimming pool. a swimming pool.
More Pressure?More Pressure?
(^) Fluids with greater density exertFluids with greater density exert more pressuremore pressure (^) Which exerts more pressure?Which exerts more pressure?
- • AirAir
- • WaterWater The answer isThe answer is waterwater because it isbecause it is more dense.more dense.
What is Density?What is Density?
The amount of matter in a certainThe amount of matter in a certain volumevolume
DENSITY = MASSDENSITY = MASS^ ÷÷^ VOLUMEVOLUME
Go with the Flow Go with the Flow
^ All fluids travel from regions of highAll fluids travel from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressurepressure to regions of low pressure ^ Examples:Examples:
- • StrawStraw
- • LungsLungs
- • Soda bottle w/ paper wadSoda bottle w/ paper wad
HydraulicsHydraulics
(^) Devices that use liquids to transmitDevices that use liquids to transmit pressure from one point to another.pressure from one point to another. (^) Examples:Examples:
- • Vehicle brakes (not air brakes)Vehicle brakes (not air brakes)
- • Construction equipmentConstruction equipment
- • PimpinPimpin’’
Pimp Pimp datdat Ride,Ride, YoYo!!
