Understanding the Implications of Big Data and Surveillance in Privacy and Tech, Slides of Applications of Computer Sciences

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Chapter 2: Privacy

What We Will Cover

• Privacy and Computer Technology
• “Big Brother is Watching You”
• Privacy Topics
• Protecting Privacy
• Communications

Privacy and Computer Technology

(cont.)

New Technology, New Risks:

• Government and private databases
• Sophisticated tools for surveillance and data analysis
• Vulnerability of data

Privacy and Computer Technology

(cont.)

Terminology:

• Invisible information gathering - collection of personal information about someone without the person’s knowledge
• Secondary use - use of personal information for a purpose other than the one it was provided for

Privacy and Computer Technology

(cont.)

Terminology (cont.):

• Computer profiling - analyzing data in computer files to determine characteristics of people most likely to engage in certain behavior

Privacy and Computer Technology

(cont.)

Principles for Data Collection and Use:

• Informed consent
• Opt-in and opt-out policies
• Fair Information Principles (or Practices)
• Data retention

"Big Brother is Watching You"

Databases:

• Government Accountability Office (GAO) - monitors government's privacy policies
• Burden of proof and "fishing expeditions"
• Data mining and computer matching to fight terrorism

"Big Brother is Watching You" (cont.)

The Fourth Amendment, Expectation of Privacy and Surveillance Technologies:

• Weakening the Fourth Amendment
• Supreme Court decisions and expectation of privacy - Modern surveillance techniques are redefining expectation of privacy

"Big Brother is Watching You"

(cont.)

Video Surveillance:

• Security cameras
  • Increased security
  • Decreased privacy

"Big Brother is Watching You"

(cont.)

Discussion Questions

• What data does the government have about you?
• Who has access to the data?
• How is your data protected?

Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)

Location Tracking:

• Global Positioning Systems (GPS) -computer or communication services that know exactly where a person is at a particular time
• Cell phones and other devices are used for location tracking
• Pros and cons

Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)

Stolen and Lost Data:

• Hackers
• Physical theft (laptops, thumb-drives, etc.)
• Requesting information under false pretenses
• Bribery of employees who have access

Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)

Public Records: Access vs. Privacy:

• Public Records - records available to general public (bankruptcy, property, and arrest records, salaries of government employees, etc.)
• Identity theft can arise when public records are accessed
• How should we control access to sensitive public records?

Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)

National ID System:

• Social Security Numbers
  • Too widely used
  • Easy to falsify