Microeconomics Problem Set 301 - Budget Constraints & Consumer Preferences, Assignments of Economics

A problem set from an intermediate microeconomics course, focusing on topics such as budget constraints, indifference curves, and consumer preferences. It includes various questions that require students to identify the properties of budget constraints, interpret the effects of price changes on budget constraints, understand the logic of indifference curves, and apply the concept of marginal rate of substitution. The document also includes questions related to consumer preferences and transitivity.

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Pre 2010

Uploaded on 08/09/2009

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Economics 301 – Intermediate Microeconomics
Problem Set #2
1. All points on or below a budget constraint
a) Are attainable with the given income.
b) Are equally desirable.
c) Represent bundles that exactly exhaust the income available.
d) Are described, in part, by a, b, and c above.
2. If the price of a good shown on the vertical axis of a budget graph is cut in
half and the price of the good on the horizontal axis is cut by 25%, then the
budget constraint
a) Shifts left and becomes steeper.
b) Shifts right and becomes steeper.
c) Shifts left and becomes flatter.
d) Shifts right and becomes flatter.
3. Indifference curves that intersect would be illogical constructs because
a) Of the assumption that more is preferred to less.
b) Indifference curves are an inherently illogical construct.
c) Of the transitivity assumption.
d) Of both a and c above.
e) Of none of the above.
4. The marginal rate of substitution between food and shelter at a given point on
an indifference curve
a) Is equal to the absolute value of the slope of the indifference curve at
that point.
b) Is equal to the rate at which the consumer is willing to exchange the
two goods.
c) Reflects the relative values the consumer attaches to the two goods.
d) Is described, in part, by each of the above statements.
5. If food is on the vertical axis and shelter is on the horizontal axis, a set of
indifference curves that are quite steep
a) Reflect a preference pattern that generally values shelter high relative
to food.
b) Imply that food has a higher relative value than shelter for this
consumer.
c) Say nothing about how the consumer feels about the two goods until a
budget line is introduced.
d) Mean that the two goods are perfect complements.
6. Smith likes cashews better than almonds and likes almonds better than
walnuts. He likes pecans equally well as macadamia nuts and prefers
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Economics 301 – Intermediate Microeconomics

Problem Set #

  1. All points on or below a budget constraint a) Are attainable with the given income. b) Are equally desirable. c) Represent bundles that exactly exhaust the income available. d) Are described, in part, by a, b, and c above.
  2. If the price of a good shown on the vertical axis of a budget graph is cut in half and the price of the good on the horizontal axis is cut by 25%, then the budget constraint a) Shifts left and becomes steeper. b) Shifts right and becomes steeper. c) Shifts left and becomes flatter. d) Shifts right and becomes flatter.
  3. Indifference curves that intersect would be illogical constructs because a) Of the assumption that more is preferred to less. b) Indifference curves are an inherently illogical construct. c) Of the transitivity assumption. d) Of both a and c above. e) Of none of the above.
  4. The marginal rate of substitution between food and shelter at a given point on an indifference curve a) Is equal to the absolute value of the slope of the indifference curve at that point. b) Is equal to the rate at which the consumer is willing to exchange the two goods. c) Reflects the relative values the consumer attaches to the two goods. d) Is described, in part, by each of the above statements.
  5. If food is on the vertical axis and shelter is on the horizontal axis, a set of indifference curves that are quite steep a) Reflect a preference pattern that generally values shelter high relative to food. b) Imply that food has a higher relative value than shelter for this consumer. c) Say nothing about how the consumer feels about the two goods until a budget line is introduced. d) Mean that the two goods are perfect complements.
  6. Smith likes cashews better than almonds and likes almonds better than walnuts. He likes pecans equally well as macadamia nuts and prefers

macadamia nuts to almonds. Assuming his preferences are transitive, which does he prefer: a) Pecans or walnuts? b) Macadamia nuts or cashews?

  1. In order to encourage energy conservation, many public utility companies charge consumers a higher rate on units of electricity consumed in excess of some threshold amount. In contrast, a common marketing ploy by other firms is to offer “quantity discounts” to consumers who purchase large quantities of a good. To illustrate how these pricing schemes alter the typical consumer’s budget set, suppose income = $100, PX = $2 if the consumer buys less than 40 units of X, PX = $3 if the consumer buys more than 40 units of X, and PY = $5. Draw the budget constraint.
  2. The Acme Seed company charges $2/lb for the first 10 lb you buy of marigold seeds each week and $1/lb for every pound you buy thereafter. If your income is $100/wk, draw your budget constraint for the composite good and marigold seeds.
  3. Picabo is an aggressive skier. She wears out one pair of skis for every pair of bindings she wears out. Graph Picabo’s indifference curves for skis and bindings.
  4. Suppose an individual’s marginal rate of substitution is 3 slices of pizza for 1 beer at the present bundle of beer and pizza that she is consuming. If the price of beer is $1.00 and the price of a slice of pizza is $1.50, is the consumer maximizing her utility? If not, how should she change her consumption?
  5. If the price of good X is $1.00, the price of good Y is $2.00, and the consumer’s income is $36.00, find the optimal consumption bundle for a consumer who is always willing to trade 4 units of Y for 1 unit of X.
  6. Illustrate graphically a case in which the food stamp program discussed in class increases the amount of food consumed relative to an equivalent cash transfer.
  7. Illustrate graphically a case in which the food stamp program does not increase the amount of food consumed relative to an equivalent cash transfer.
  8. In the case where the food stamp program does lead to greater food consumption than an equivalent cash transfer, does the program make recipients better or worse off than the cash transfer? You must provide a diagram to support your answer.