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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing
Unit number and title Prog 102 : Procedural Programming
Submission date Date Received 1st submission
Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission
Student Name Vang Phu Qui Student ID GCH
Class GCH1106^ Assessor name Dinh Duc Manh
Student declaration
I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.
Studentās signature Qui
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1.Introduction
1.1: General Procedural programming language helps the developer or programmer to build large application programs in effective manner with the help of divided into smaller program also known as functions. In addition in procedural programming language most of the functions are to be shared in global data that helps the developer to move data and instructions openly within the system from one function to other functions. In addition to build an effective programming language developer implements the top down approach i.e. programming paradigm. In addition procedural programming helps the programmer in order to break down application program into a data structure, variables and subroutine(Kochan, 2005). Procedural programming languages or code of instruction are executed very fast and required less memory. Moreover, procedural programming language allows developer to develop general purpose programming and offers better level of controls as well as portable source code. Thus it is said that procedural programming involves that it can be used to evaluate and analyze all distinguish areas of life and provides better solutions of complex program.
1.2: Characteristics about procedural programming.
1.2.1 Characteristics ļ· A top-down method is used in procedural programming. ļ· The program is organized into functions, which are blocks of code that each execute a specified purpose. ļ· Real-world processes are modeled as āproceduresā that operate on ādataā in procedural systems. ļ· Data and functions are separate from one another. ļ· In software, data is free to move about. ļ· Itās simple to follow a programās logic. ļ· By invoking another function, a function can have access to its data.
1.2.2 Key feature:
Predefined functions: A predefined function is a type of instruction that has a name attached to it. Predefined functions are usually included in higher-level programming languages; however, they are drawn from a library or registry rather than a program.
Local Variable: A local variable is a variable that is defined in the methodās primary structure and is only used inside the scope of the method. The local variable can only be used in the method in which it is defined; if it is used outside of that function, the code will fail.
A global variable is a variable that is declared outside of any other functions created in the code. As a result, unlike local variables, global variables can be utilized in any function.
Modularity occurs when two distinct systems have two separate jobs to complete, yet they are joined together to complete a bigger task first. The tasks of each set of systems would subsequently be completed one by one until all tasks were completed.
1.4 How Procedural Programming can be applied this proble A procedural programming language is one that uses sets of functions and commands to complete actions. Many programming languages use the procedural programming paradigm, including BASIC, C and Pascal.Learning to program in a procedural programming language is often a foundational learning experience for aspiring developers, with many professional programmers starting their careers by learning a procedural programming language.
A flowchart is a graphic means of documenting a sequence of operations. Flowcharts serve as a pictorial means of communicating from one person to another the time- ordering of events or actions. As a pictorial format, flowcharts have been the subject of both an International and an American National Standard. Flowcharts go by many other names, including block diagrams, flow diagrams, system charts, run diagrams, process charts, logic charts.
Picture 1 : Example for Flowchar
2.2:Data structure ļ· Structure: In C, a structure is a keyword that defines a user-defined data type. A structure provides a data type that may be used to combine objects of potentially disparate types into a single type.
Picture : Example for structure ļ· Function: Functional programming languages are a class of languages designed to reflect the way people think mathematically, rather than reflecting the underlying machine. Functional languages are based on the lambda calculus, a simple model of computation.
Picture : Example for function
2.3 Conditional statements needed in the problem:
- If-else statement: When the Boolean expression is false, an if statement might be followed by an optional else statement.
Picture : Example for if-else
- For statement: A for loop is a repetition control structure that lets you design a loop that has to run a certain number of times quickly.
Picture : Example of for statement
3:Design
3.1 WBS
Picture 2: WBS for program
The program is divided in to 5 sub-functions:
- Function 1: Enter student information
- Function 2: Find student by code
- Function 3: Show the studentās highest grade
- Function 4: Show the studentās lowest grade
- Function 0: Exit the management program
3.2 Use case
Picture 3: Use case diagram
- Use-case diagrams describe the high-level functions and scope of a system. These diagrams also identify the interactions between the system and its actors. The use cases and actors in use-case diagrams describe what the system does and how the actors use it, but not how the system operates internally.
Picture 5: Flowchart for menu
Picture 6: Example for function search student by code
You must declare a count variable for this function that will run from 0 to ānā. The text code you enter will be checked. If the list has the same string, the computer will display information about the student who has this code.
Picture 8: Example for find min
This function includes 3 steps:
- Step 1: Declare and assign the first value is min.
- Step 2: Compare with others, which value larger is assigned to the min.
- Step 3: Print that student who has the max grade on the screen.
4.Evaluation
4.1: General evaluation We were able to completely create a student administration with the essential powers by applying the core information we had gained to the C programming language. Explanations and circles help us save time and ensure consistency and accuracy. They are necessary, easy to get, simple to hone, and operate remarkably effectively. The WBS and flowchart are constructed clearly and consistently, breaking down the whole lesson into complete subroutines and satisfying all of the teacherās criteria.
4.2: Advantage and disadvantages of procedural programming ļ· Advantage:
- The programmed simplicity, as well as the ease of implementation of compilers and interpreters, make procedural programming ideal for general-purpose programming.
- A wide range of books and online course materials on tested algorithms are accessible, making it easy to study as you go.
- Because the source code is portable, it may also be used to target a different CPU.
- It is not necessary to replicate the code because it may be reused in various portions of the application.
- The memory need is also reduced using Procedural Programming approach.
- The programās flow can be simply followed. ļ· Disadvantage:
- When Procedural Programming is used, the computer code is more difficult to write.
- Because procedural code is frequently not reusable, it may be necessary to rebuild it if it is required for usage in another application.
- Relationships with real-world items are difficult.
- The procedure is prioritized over the data, which may cause problems in data-sensitive situations.
- Because the data is visible to the entire program, it is not very secure.
The most problematic aspect of procedural programming is that, while being a high-level language, procedural code is slower than code written in a lower-level language. Processing also needs a higher level of processing capacity than for other languages. This has had a direct impact on the outcomes of procedural programming.
5 Reference: Tausworthe, R., 1979. The work breakdown structure in software project management. Journal of System and Software. Katz, J. and McGee, W., 1963. An experiment in non-procedural programming. Proceedings of the November 12-14, 1963, fall joint computer conference.
