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Patterns in Software Engineering Lecturer: Raman Ramsin^ Lecture 15Lecture 15^ Process Patterns

Department of Computer Engineering

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Sharif University of Technology

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 Process PatternsProcess

Patterns

„^ Results of applying abstraction to recurring processes andprocess components „^ Create means for developing methodologies throughCreate

means for developing methodologies through

composition of appropriate pattern instances „ Reflect the state of the practice and are based on well-established, refined concepts

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Department of Computer Engineering

2

Sharif University of Technology

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 Process Patterns: AmblerProcess

Patterns: Ambler

„^ Ambler is the author of the only books so far written on object-oriented process patterns. „^ Defines a process pattern as “a pattern which describes aproven

successful approach and/or series of actions for

proven, successful approach and/or series of actions fordeveloping software” „ Defines an object-oriented process pattern as “a collection ofgeneral techniques, actions, and/or tasks (activities) ford^

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developing object-oriented software”.

Department of Computer Engineering

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Sharif University of Technology

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 Ambler

's Process Patterns: Types

Ambler s Process Patterns: Types^ „^ In the ascending order of abstraction level:„^ In

the ascending order of abstraction level:1.^ Task Process Pattern: depicting the detailed steps to execute a specific

task of

the process.2. Stage Process Pattern: depicting the steps that need to be done in order toperform a

stage of the process. A

stage process pattern is usually made up of

several

task process patterns.

3.^ Phase Process Pattern: depicting the interaction of two or more

stage process

patterns in order to execute the

phase to which they belong.

„^ In any process,

phases are performed in serial order, whereas the

stage

patterns inside them can be executed iteratively. „ Ambler proposes many patterns of each type, complete with detailedsteps and guidelines for integrating and shaping the patterns into acomprehensive process. Department of Computer Engineering

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Sharif University of Technology

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Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 Ambler

's Process Patterns: Stage – Example Ambler s Process Patterns: Stage

Example

Program Department of Computer Engineering

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Sharif University of Technology

[Ambler 1998]

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 Ambler

's Process Patterns: Phase – Example Ambler s Process Patterns: Phase

Example

Construct Department of Computer Engineering

8

Sharif University of Technology

[Ambler 1998]

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 Object-oriented Process, Environment and Notation (OPEN)j^

(^

„^ First introduced in 1996 as the result of the integration of four„^ First

introduced in 1996 as the result of the integration of four

methodologies: MOSES, SOMA, Synthesis and Firesmith; laterdeeply influenced by BON and OOram „ Presented

as

a^

framework

called

OPF

(OPEN

Process

F ame

o k)

Framework) „ Contains a process component library„ Contains a process component library^

^ individual

process-component

instances

can

be^

selected

and

put

together to create a specific process instance

„^ Some process components are in fact process patternsDepartment of Computer Engineering

10

Sharif University of Technology

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 OPEN Process Framework (OPF)

(^

)

„^ A process metamodel defining five classes of components and guidelinesfor constructing customized OPEN processes Department of Computer Engineering

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[Firesmith and Henderson-Sellers 2001]Sharif University of Technology

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 OPF: Work Units „^ Activity:^

a major work unit consisting of a related collection of jobs that produce

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a set of work products Coarse-grained descriptions of what needs to be done Some important instances defined by OPEN are: Project Initiation,

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Requirements Engineering, Analysis and Model Refinement, ProjectPlanning, and Build k „^ Task:^

Smallest atomic unit of work Small-scale jobs associated with and comprising the activities Resulting in the creation, modification, or evaluation of one or morework products „^ Technique:^

Define how the jobs are to be done Ways of doing the tasks and activities Department of Computer Engineering

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Sharif University of Technology

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Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 OPF RepositoryOPF

Repository

„^ Contains a range of predefined instances for each class

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OPF

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and subclass in the OPF metamodel; e.g.:^ ^ 30 predefined instances of Activity ^ 30 predefined instances of Activity^ ^ 160 instances of Task^ ^ 200 instances of Techniques76 i

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instances of Role

Department of Computer Engineering

14

Sharif University of Technology

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 OPF: Task

-Activity Matrix

OPF: Task Activity Matrix Department of Computer Engineering

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Sharif University of Technology

[Henderson-Sellers 2003]

Patterns in Software Engineering – Lecture 15 OPF: Technique

-Task Matrix

OPF: Technique Task Matrix Department of Computer Engineering

17

Sharif University of Technology

[Henderson-Sellers 2003]