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Exercises based on programming language
Typology: Exams
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Computer systems fall into essentially two separate categories. The first, and most obvious, is 1._____ computer and the second type is 2._____ computer. The primary difference between an embedded machine and a general-purpose computer is its 3._____. Desktop computers can run a variety of 4.______ programs. The embedded system has only 5.____ number of applications running. All data is stored in the computer as 6.______. At the heart of the computer is the 7.______. The memory is used to store 8.____ while the processor is running them, as well as store the 9._____ that the programs are manipulating. The layers of a desktop computer in order from the top are in 10.____, 11._____, 12._____, and 13 ._____. The layers of a simple embedded computer from the top are 14./ and 15.____ hardware. A software that is permanently stored in a computers memory and configure the computer for correct operation is known as 16.____. The 17._____ if located in the firmware. 18._____ is a special program run by the processor that reads the operating system from disk.
32.____ is both read from and written to memory. Von Neumann computers are what can be termed 33.______ computers. 34.____ computer architecture has both instructions and data in the same memory. The memory space is also known as 35._____ , and how that address space is partitioned between different memory and I/O devices is known as the 36._____. Some processors, notably the Intel x86 family, have a separate address space for I/O devices with separate instructions for accessing this space. This is known as 37.______. Most microprocessors available are standard 38.____. 39.____ architecture uses different memory space for data and instruction. In which architecture can data and instructions be fetched concurrently 40.____. A 41.____ is a physical group of signal lines that have related function. 42.___ allow the flow of electric signal between different parts of the computer. The 43._____ of a bus is the number of signal lines dedicated to transferring information. The majority of microprocessors available today (with some exceptions) use the three-bus system architecture. The three buses are the 44.___ bus , the 45.____ bus, and the 46._____ bus. The six basic type of access a processor can perform are 47.____. The internal data storage of the processor is known as its 48.____. ALU stands for 49.____. 50.____ performs internal arithmetic manipulation of data in the processor. 51.____ is the technique of diverting the processor from the execution of the current program so that it may deal with some event that has occurred. The 52.____ is the address at which an interrupt service routine (ISR) lies. ISR stands for 53._____. The last instruction from an ISR is always a 54.____. The process by which the processor continuously checks the device’s status register until the device is ready is called 55.____. The technique by which the interrupting device provides the interrupt vector that the processor is to take is known as 56.____. A 57.____ interrupt is generated by an instruction. A 58.____ interrupt is generated by an I/O device.