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BIOC 440 Lecture #3: Protein Structure I - Amino Acids: The Alphabet - Prof. Rachel Klevit, Study notes of Biochemistry

University of Washington (UW) - SeattleBiochemistry
Prof. Rachel Klevit

This lecture from bioc 440 introduces the concept of proteins as the most diverse class of biomolecules, made up of monomeric building blocks called amino acids. Students are encouraged to review assigned and recommended readings, complete online tests, and work on homework problem sets. The structures and special properties of amino acids, their classification, and their functional properties, including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and amphipathic properties, as well as special functional properties like acidic and basic amino acids, aromatics, disulfide bonds, and metal binding.

Typology: Study notes

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 03/18/2009

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BIOC 440 Lecture #3 1
“Protein Structure I. Amino Acids:
The Alphabet of Proteins”
I. Structures & general properties
II. Special properties
• ASSIGNED READIN G: Chap. 3: p. 71-77, 79-81
• REVIEW READING: Sect 2.1
• Lehninger Web tuto rial: see Web link listed on BIOC4 40
Schedule page.
• REVIEW & TEST yo urself online (use Web link listed o n
BIOC440 Sc hedule page.)
• HOMEWORK PROBLEM SET #1
2
Introduction to Proteins
•most DIVERSE class of biomolecules
•perform an AMAZING array of functions:
Structural
Chemical
Signalling
Regulatory
How do they do it???
3
Amino acids are the monomeric building blocks of
proteins
• Amino acids are CHIRAL, therefore proteins
have a “handedness.”
4
• all have ≥TWO ionizable groups
AMINO group
carboxylic ACID
Fig. 3-10
• isoelectric point:
pf3

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Download BIOC 440 Lecture #3: Protein Structure I - Amino Acids: The Alphabet - Prof. Rachel Klevit and more Study notes Biochemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

BIOC 440 Lecture #3 1

“Protein Structure I. Amino Acids:

The Alphabet of Proteins”

I. Structures & general properties

II. Special properties

  • ASSIGNED READING: Chap. 3: p. 71-77, 79-
  • REVIEW READING: Sect 2.
  • Lehninger Web tutorial: see Web link listed on BIOC Schedule page.
  • REVIEW & TEST yourself online (use Web link listed on BIOC440 Schedule page.)
  • HOMEWORK PROBLEM SET # 2

Introduction to Proteins

  • most DIVERSE class of biomolecules
  • perform an AMAZING array of functions: Structural Chemical Signalling Regulatory

How do they do it???

3

Amino acids are the monomeric building blocks of

proteins

  • Amino acids are CHIRAL, therefore proteins

have a “handedness.”

4

  • all have ≥ TWO ionizable groups AMINO group carboxylic ACID Fig. 3-
  • isoelectric point:

5 The “language” of proteins is based on a 20-letter alphabet…YOU must learn your “A, B, C’s”! For all 20 AAs, you must know:

  1. Name
  2. 3-letter code
  3. 1-letter code
  4. Structure of R group; type of functional group
  5. Classification
  6. Prevalent charged forms @ physiological pH
  7. Important functional properties 6

Classification by side chain properties

side chain = R group; attached to Cα.

  • 5 main classifications, based on POLARITY or tendency to interact with H 2 O at physiological pH. Non-polar aliphatic, Aromatic, Polar/uncharged, Positively charged, Negatively charged
  • SOLUBILITY depends on relative strength of: 7

• HYDROPHILIC:

Solubility Properties of Biomolecules

• HYDROPHOBIC:

• AMPHIPHILIC:

8 Some Useful data on Amino Acids Table 3-