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PSTAT TEST STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED, Exams of Statistics

Chamberlain College of NursingStatistics

PSTAT TEST STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 04/17/2025

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PSTAT TEST STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED
P(A and B) - ANSWER P(A)xP(B)
P(A)xP(B|A)
P(A or B) - ANSWER P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B)
P(A|B) - ANSWER P(A and B)/P(B)
mean - ANSWER u=Σxp
variance - ANSWER o²=(Σx²p)-u²
standard deviation - ANSWER o=√o²
factorial - ANSWER n!=n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)...
combination - ANSWER nCx=(n!)/(n-x)!x!
Binomial probability criteria - ANSWER 1. there is a fixed number of trials
2. these n trials are independent
3. the outcome of each trial can be designated as a success or a failure
4. for each trial, the probability of a success if the same and is denoted by p.
Binomial probabilities - ANSWER p(X=x)= nCx(p^x)(1-p)^n-x
Binomial distribution - ANSWER bin (n, p)
n: # of trials
p: probability of success
mean of binomial random variable - ANSWER µ=np
pf3
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PSTAT TEST STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED

P(A and B) - ANSWER P(A)xP(B) P(A)xP(B|A) P(A or B) - ANSWER P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B) P(A|B) - ANSWER P(A and B)/P(B) mean - ANSWER u=Σxp variance - ANSWER o²=(Σx²p)-u² standard deviation - ANSWER o=√o² factorial - ANSWER n!=n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)... combination - ANSWER nCx=(n!)/(n-x)!x! Binomial probability criteria - ANSWER 1. there is a fixed number of trials

  1. these n trials are independent
  2. the outcome of each trial can be designated as a success or a failure
  3. for each trial, the probability of a success if the same and is denoted by p. Binomial probabilities - ANSWER p(X=x)= nCx(p^x)(1-p)^n-x Binomial distribution - ANSWER bin (n, p) n: # of trials p: probability of success mean of binomial random variable - ANSWER μ=np

standard deviation of binomial random variable - ANSWER σ=√np(1-p) P(A' and B') - ANSWER 1-p(A or B) P(A'|B) - ANSWER 1-P(A|B) P(A' or B') - ANSWER 1-P(A and B) P(A and B') - ANSWER P(A)-P(A and B) uniform distribution - ANSWER X ~ U(a,b) all solutions are equally likely mean of uniform distribution - ANSWER μ= (a+b)/ normal distribution - ANSWER X ~ N (μ,σ) follows the normal curve z - ANSWER z=(x-μ)/σ population - ANSWER entire group you are studying sample - ANSWER subset of population you are studying qualitative data - ANSWER non-numerical date (ex: which colors?) quantitative date - ANSWER numerical date (ex: how many dvds?) sample proportion - ANSWER p̂ = x/n (# of successes/# of trials) sample mean - ANSWER x̄ = ∑x/n (add all data points together then divide by sample size)

mean of p̂ - ANSWER μ=p SD of p̂ - ANSWER σ=√[p(1-p)]/n t-distribution - ANSWER spread determined but the number of degrees of freedom df *spread of t-dist is always greater than z-dist z-value - ANSWER z= x̄-u/(σ/√n) degrees of freedom (df) - ANSWER sample size - 1 df=n- 1 use z-distribution when - ANSWER standard deviation (σ) is known use t-distribution when - ANSWER Sample standard deviation (s) is known confidence interval for z-score is found using - ANSWER x̄±z(σ/√n) finding min sample size - ANSWER n=(zσ/E)² confidence interval for pop mean using t-dist - ANSWER x̄±t(s/√n) null hypothesis H0 - ANSWER must contain either =,≤,≥ alternative hypothesis HA - ANSWER must contain ≠,<,> SD of x̄ for hypothesis testing - ANSWER x̄=σ/√n z-distribution test statistic for a population mean - ANSWER z=(x̄-u)/(σ/√n) p-value - ANSWER area of interest in relation to z-score finding p-values - ANSWER 1. look at sign in HA

  • if sign is < then the p-value is area BELOW test stat
  • if sign is > then the p-value is the area ABOVE test stat
  • if sign is ≠ then the p-value for test-stat is area BELOW the negative value of the test stat + the area ABOVE the positive value of test stat deny hypothesis if - ANSWER the p-value is less than the significance level (α) SD of p̂ - ANSWER √p(1-p)/n ... use √p̂(1-p̂/n when we do not know actual value of p confidence interval for proportions - ANSWER p̂ ± z√p̂(1-p̂)/n min sample size for proportions - ANSWER n=(z/E)²p(1-p) z test stat for proportions - ANSWER z=p̂-p/√p(1-p)/n confidence interval for 2 proportions - ANSWER (p̂₁-p̂₂)±z√[p̂₁(1-p̂₁)/n₁] +[p̂₂(1-p̂₂)/n₂] SD of p̂₁-p̂₂ - ANSWER √pbar(1-pbar)(1/n₁+1/n₂) z test stat for 2 proportions - ANSWER (p̂₁-p̂₂)-(p₁-p₂)/√pbar(1-pbar)(1/n₁+1/n₂) response variable - ANSWER variable you want to predict (dependent) explanatory variable - ANSWER variable that explains or predicts the behavior of the response variable (independent) correlation coefficient - ANSWER r=(1/n-1)(∑(x-x̄)(y-ȳ)/sxsy sx - ANSWER √∑(x-x̄)²/n- 1 sy - ANSWER √∑(y-ȳ)²/n- 1 least squares regression line - ANSWER y=b₀+b₁x b₁ (slope of population of interest) - ANSWER b₁=∑(x-x̄)(y-ȳ)/∑(x-x̄)² b₀ (y-intercept for pop of interst) - ANSWER b₀=ȳ-b₁x̄