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PSY 3215 INFANCY DEVELOPMENT EXAM 1, Exams of Psychology

United States International UniversityPsychology

PSY 3215 INFANCY DEVELOPMENT EXAM 1

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 01/16/2026

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PSY 3215: INFANCY DEVELOPMENT EXAM 1
Which of the following will increase the frequency of a behavior? - Answers -Both
positive and negative reinforcers.
Dynamic systems interaction has been found to be useful for examining and explaining
predictability and stability in development. - Answers -false
Your friend tells you that babies are "born good" and that it is the world that makes them
bad. The person most likely to agree with your friend is - Answers -Rousseau
According to Piaget, a major source of motivation for developmental change is -
Answers -disequilibrium
Compared to quantitative research, qualitative research is more likely to focus on the
meaning of the situation for a participant. - Answers -True
Historically, infants have always been treated with special care, love, and tolerance. -
Answers -false
Reliability is the degree to which the procedure accurately measures what it is intended
to measure. - Answers -false
Johnna's father is a police officer. As a result, he is very protective of Johnna and his
family. According to Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological theory, police work is part of -
Answers -exosystem
The stages of infancy and childhood emerged in the public mind as separate and
valuable stages of life - Answers -in the mid 1800s
The United States is less supportive of laws and national policy related to infant
development compared to other developed countries, such as Japan, France, or
Russia. - Answers -true
Little Evan is given a star every time he uses the toilet by himself. This is an example of:
- Answers -operant conditioning
The parent-infant communication system might best explained through: - Answers -
dynamic systems theory
In general, autobiographical memories are not retained until a person is at least 3 years
of age. - Answers -true
Which of the following is an example of qualitative research? - Answers -Presenting
various tastes to a newborn and assessing the newborn's response.
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PSY 3215: INFANCY DEVELOPMENT EXAM 1

Which of the following will increase the frequency of a behavior? - Answers - Both positive and negative reinforcers. Dynamic systems interaction has been found to be useful for examining and explaining predictability and stability in development. - Answers - false Your friend tells you that babies are "born good" and that it is the world that makes them bad. The person most likely to agree with your friend is - Answers - Rousseau According to Piaget, a major source of motivation for developmental change is - Answers - disequilibrium Compared to quantitative research, qualitative research is more likely to focus on the meaning of the situation for a participant. - Answers - True Historically, infants have always been treated with special care, love, and tolerance. - Answers - false Reliability is the degree to which the procedure accurately measures what it is intended to measure. - Answers - false Johnna's father is a police officer. As a result, he is very protective of Johnna and his family. According to Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological theory, police work is part of - Answers - exosystem The stages of infancy and childhood emerged in the public mind as separate and valuable stages of life - Answers - in the mid 1800s The United States is less supportive of laws and national policy related to infant development compared to other developed countries, such as Japan, France, or Russia. - Answers - true Little Evan is given a star every time he uses the toilet by himself. This is an example of:

  • Answers - operant conditioning The parent-infant communication system might best explained through: - Answers - dynamic systems theory In general, autobiographical memories are not retained until a person is at least 3 years of age. - Answers - true Which of the following is an example of qualitative research? - Answers - Presenting various tastes to a newborn and assessing the newborn's response.

The process by which systems components affect each other bidirectionally and reciprocally is - Answers - a transaction Juan firmly remembers flying with his father. He remembers landing at an airport, where he and his father would share a hamburger and a malt while watching planes land. This type of memory is - Answers - autobiographical "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select--doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant- chief, and yes, even beggarman and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors." Based on the information in your textbook, the person most likely to have uttered this statement is - Answers - john b watson Putting a child in the corner because the child hit another is an example of negative reinforcement. - Answers - false Different types of songs are played to an infant (lullabye, rap, classical) and brain waves are measured while each song plays. In this situation, the independent variable is the type of music play. - Answers - true In observational research, predictor variables are analogous (i.e., similar) to - Answers

  • independent variables Baby Sol receives a painful vaccination from the pediatrician's nurse, who wore a red jacket. Now, whenever Sol sees someone wearing a red jacket, he begins to cry. The best explanation for Sol's apparent fear is - Answers - classical conditioning Professor Lewis is interested in how infants' responses to imitation change across time. He compares a group of 3-month-olds, 6 - month-olds, 9-month-olds, and 12-month-olds. The type of study Professor Lewis appears to be using is - Answers - cross-sectional Gametes are formed through the process of mitosis. - Answers - false How many stages of labor are there - Answers - 3 All of the following are considered gametes, EXCEPT female eggs ova zygotes spermatozoa - Answers - zygotes Which of the following are developments in the third fetal period? - Answers - The fetus shows the ability to learn The fetus shows clear cut states of arousal, including sleep states

Most cases of sex linked characteristics (such as baldness or color blindness) are caused by - Answers - a recessive allele on the X chromosome Which of the following statements about ova is TRUE - Answers - Ova are produced in the ovary during prenatal development When baby Bodie was born, his skin appeared white and was covered in a waxy substance. This waxy substance is referred to as - Answers - vernix caseosa Because sperm is constantly created, sperm from older fathers is no more likely to result in abnormal offspring than sperm from younger fathers. - Answers - false Suppose your friends tell you that they have been unable to conceive and have tried several natural methods, as well as standard drug and surgical treatments for infertility. They ask you what their next step should be. You tell them, - Answers - Usually the next step is artificial insemination The period of time when the developing individual is most likely to be affected by teratogens is - Answers - the period of the embryo Female infertility is usually a result of failure to ovulate. - Answers - true Teenage fathers ... - Answers - are more likely to have children who are delinquents and violent, which can often be accounted for by father absence in the children's early years. tend to become distant from their children as the children grow, with less than 25 percent still in contact by school age. are more likely to be poor and come from troubled families. sickle cell anemia - Answers - is more common among black infants can be partially treated and individuals can live normal lives may have been maintained as a protection against malaria The largest single preventable cause of low birth weight in newborns is: - Answers - cigarette smoking A newborn is likely to be screened right after birth using the - Answers - apgar screening test Your friend is pregnant and wants to know if it is wise to have sex during pregnancy. Based on your reading, you tell her, - Answers - "If you are like most women, it is not harmful to have sex during pregnancy." The prenatal test that can be done fairly early in pregnancy and has a 100% diagnostic success rate is - Answers - chorionic villus sampling

The baby is hungry. Which part of the brain is most responsible for regulating hunger? - Answers - hypothalamus The increased interest in early development of the brain and nervous system is partly related to - Answers - tools are now available to measure brain activity. Your friend just had a baby and is interested in optimal brain development for her baby. Based on your reading, you tell her, - Answers - play and spend time with your baby, enjoy the world together, and help the baby feel safe. The coating that improves conduction of the action potentials is called - Answers - myelin Which of the following structures plays an important role in the development of responses to stress and trauma? - Answers - pituitary hypothalamus pineal The cortex is the largest part of the human brain. - Answers - true In order to learn a new skill, infants need - Answers - a way to inhibit the orienting reaction emotional regulation short term memory Which part of the brain is most responsible for the "fight or flight" response to a fearful stimuli? - Answers - limbic system Why do one month old infants process information three times faster than newborns? - Answers - increased myelination during that time period Speech and language processing occurs only in the temporal lobes of the brain - Answers - false