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PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with Complete Solution, Exams of Psychology

Harvard University Psychology

PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with Complete Solution

Typology: Exams

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PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with

Complete Solution

1. 1. Your housemate has been overly concerned with keeping the kitchen clean.

In fact, he scrubs the sinks and

counters for half an hour each time someone puts something on them. In order to determine his diagnosis, a

practitioner in North America would most likely consult the

A)

American Medical Association's Treatment Manual (AMA-TM).

B)

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5)

C)

International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Prob- lems (ICD-10).

D)

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, sixth edition (DSM-6).

E)The North American Guide to Psychiatric Disorders (NAPD-IV).: B

2.

2. Psychopathology refers to

A)

the same disorder as psychopathy.

B)

disorders of the brain.

C)

a physical cause to psychological problems.

D)

only severe psychological disorders.

E)the study of the nature of psychological problems.: E

3.

3. According to the text, behaviour, speech or thought that impairs a person's ability to function in a way that is

generally expected of them in the context where the unusual functioning is occurring corresponds best to which of

Discover Exams of Psychology Harvard University

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PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with

Complete Solution

1. 1. Your housemate has been overly concerned with keeping the kitchen clean. In fact, he scrubs the sinks and

counters for half an hour each time someone puts something on them. In order to determine his diagnosis, a practitioner in North America would most likely consult the

A) American Medical Association's Treatment Manual (AMA-TM).

B) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5)

C) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Prob- lems (ICD-10).

D)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, sixth edition (DSM-6).

E)The North American Guide to Psychiatric Disorders (NAPD-IV).: B

2. 2. Psychopathology refers to

A) the same disorder as psychopathy.

B) disorders of the brain.

C) a physical cause to psychological problems.

D) only severe psychological disorders.

E)the study of the nature of psychological problems.: E

3. 3. According to the text, behaviour, speech or thought that impairs a person's ability to function in a way that is

generally expected of them in the context where the unusual functioning is occurring corresponds best to which of

2 / 65 the following concepts?

A) mental illness

B) mental problem

C) brain pathology

D) psychological abnormality

E)psychological disorder: D

4. 4. According to Wakefield, a behaviour can be considered disordered when:

A) there is evidence of failure in a designed function and a judgment that the design failure is harming the

person.

B)there is evidence of failure in a designed function and evidence of significant personal distress.

C) there is evidence of a failure in a designed function.

D)the behaviour shows strong statistical deviation from an established norm.: A

5. 5. Abnormal behaviour has been defined as behaviour that occurs infrequent- ly. Which of the following

examples illustrates a problem with this definition?

A) People with IQs below 70 are considered to have abnormal intellectual functioning.

B) Most people get depressed from time to time.

C) Mathematical geniuses are considered rare in the population.

D) Children often believe in the existence of monsters.

4 / 65

C) a consideration that will often be relevant to defining abnormality

D) distinct from considerations of psychological abnormality

E)a distraction from considerations of abnormality: C

9. 9. Which one of the following combinations of principles has been used to define abnormality?

A) diagnosis by an expert, presence of personal distress, evidence of poor emotional control

B) presence of personal distress, delinquent activity, poor emotional control

C) violation of norms, abnormal intellectual functioning, presence of personal distress

D) infrequency, presence of personal distress, impaired functioning

E)psychiatric diagnosis, harmful dysfunction, abnormal intellectual function- ing: D

10. 10. Which is the most sensible way to logically combine the criteria used to define psychological

abnormality?

A) [infrequency OR personal distress] AND impaired functioning

B) [infrequency OR impaired functioning] AND personal distress

C) infrequency AND [personal distress OR impaired functioning]

D) infrequency AND personal distress AND impaired functioning

E)infrequency OR personal distress OR impaired functioning: C

11. 11. Changes in the way that abnormality has been viewed over time has resulted in

5 / 65

A) a clear understanding of the etiology of all mental disorders.

B) effective treatments for all disorders.

C) fewer diagnostic categories.

D) high reliability of all diagnoses.

E)a shift from supernatural to natural causes in explaining disorders.: E

12. 12. If you lived in a society that explained changes in the weather as being influenced by the gods,

you would likely view madness as being caused by

A) schizophrenia.

B) demon possession.

C) brain dysfunction.

D) weakness of character.

E)irrational thoughts.: B

13. 13. What type of treatment was thought to be used by Stone Age people to treat madness?

A) religious chanting

B) death

C) herbal brews to poison evil spirits

D) trephination

7 / 65

D) separating the causes of madness into medical and magical causes.

E)his idea that psychological functioning resulted from disturbances of bodily fluids.: C

17. 17. According to Hippocrates, mental disorders should be treated by which one of the following?

A) exorcism

B) magical spells

C) trephination

D) healthy diet and exercise

E)food and water deprivation: D

18. 18. Hippocrates believed that psychological functioning was influenced by imbalances in bodily fluids.

Each of the following was considered an essential fluid EXCEPT

A) blood

B) black bile

C) cerebrospinal fluid

D) yellow bile

E)phlegm: C

19. 19. An ancient Greek was behaving quite aggressively and was quite short-tempered. He

would likely have been diagnosed as having

A) too little yellow bile.

8 / 65

B) an excess of blood.

C) excess phlegm.

D) too much yellow bile.

E)an overabundance of black bile.: D

20. 20. Plato accepted many of Hippocrates' ideas, but rejected others. Which of the following best

describes his belief about the cause of mental illness?

A) that an imbalance in essential bodily fluids affects functioning

B) that brain dysfunction affects behaviour

C) that sociocultural factors play a critical role

D) lack of education could cause mental illness

E)that mental illness has natural causes: E

21. The idea that both mental and physical disorders are caused by problems in the body was held by

A) Soranus.

B) Aristotle.

C) Plato.

D) the Greek physician Aretaeus.

E)Hippocrates.: A

10 / 65

D) psychotherapy

E)bloodletting: C

25. 25. The notion of "possession" during the Middle Ages was often applied to

A) people who disagreed with Church doctrine.

B) people who sinned frequently.

C) men who physically abused their wives.

D) people who had suffered a nervous breakdown.

E)people suffering from a mental illness.: E

26. During the 13th and 14th centuries, a woman caught talking to her garden plants would

A) be treated by either prayer or exorcism of demons.

B) be treated with hypnotism.

C) be treated using special herbs and potions.

D) be accused of witchcraft and tortured to prevent her evil powers from spreading.

E)be considered psychotic.: A

27. 27. The spiritus vitae was

A) a disorder where people begin to dance in the streets and drink red wines.

B) a spirit believed to possess individuals and cause madness.

11 / 65

C) a bodily fluid believed by Paracelsus to result in mental illness.

D) a naturalistic cause of madness.

E)the venom of the tarantula.: D

28. Your sister suddenly begins to leap about, jumping and dancing in the streets. During the Middle

Ages, she would most likely be diagnosed with

A) melancholia.

B) trephination.

C) the Tarantella.

D) an excess of phlegm.

E)spiritus vitae.: C

29. 29. According to Paracelsus, St. Vitus' Dance was caused by

A) tarantula bites.

B) psychic conflicts.

C) imbalances in bodily fluids.

D) mania.

E)possession by evil spirits.: B

30. 30. Which of the following persons and treatments DO NOT match?

A) Paracelsus and hypnotism

13 / 65

A) was more successful than many of the earlier treatments had been.

B) was more humane than most of the approaches outside North America.

C) was at times similar in cruelty to early supernatural treatments.

D) differed from European treatment due to different societal values.

E)was less successful than treatments introduced during the Middle Ages.: C

34. 34. Treatment in the town of Gheel is similar to

A) modern day treatment programs.

B) a humanistic approach.

C) a community treatment approach.

D) that of the early Greeks.

E)treatment advocated by many of the early Europeans.: C

35. 35. English "workhouses" were

A) established during the Enlightenment period to deal with the insane.

B) run by the patients.

C) run by physicians.

D) were special places where the mentally ill could work.

E)used to hide the poor from society.: E

36. 36. Which of the following individuals is known for promoting a more hu- manitarian approach

14 / 65 in mental hospitals?

A) Benedict Morel

B) Philippe Pinel

C) St. Vincent de Paul

D) Johannes Weyer

E)Benjamin Rush: B

37. 37. What occurred at the Allen Memorial Hospital during the late 1950s and early 1960s?

A) brain washing experiments.

B) Dialectical behaviour therapy.

C) administration of cannabis for the treatment of depression.

D) humane treatment of patients.

E)administration of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors.: A

38. 38. The mental hygiene movement

A) resulted in a reduction in the number of people in institutions.

B) resulted in an increase in patients in mental institutions.

C) led to an increase in moral therapy.

D) was criticized by Philippe Pinel.

16 / 65

41. 41. Which of the following accomplishments are NOT attributed to Pinel?

A) looking to natural explanations as the cause of mental illness

B) clearly describing the symptoms of disorders

C)emphasizing the role of psychological and social factors in the development of mental illness

D) developing a systematic approach to classifying disorders

E)bringing moral therapy to North America: E

42. 42. Cabanis (1757-1808) introduced the idea that personal factors as well as somatic factors accounted

for mental disorders. His theories encouraged the approach to treatment.

A) physical

B) social

C) institutional

D) psychological

E)biological: D

43. 43. introduced "degeneration" theory, which proposed that abnormal functioning was

transmitted by hereditary processes.

A) Pinel

17 / 65

B) Cabanis

C) Charles Darwin

D) Cesare Lombroso

E)Benedict Morel: E

44. 44. Clinical Psychiatry, published by Kraepelin in 1883, was an important textbook because it

A) introduced pioneering treatments for severe mental disorders.

B) explained the causes of many common mental disorders.

C) attempted to classify mental illnesses.

D) joined together the professions of clinical psychology and psychiatry.

E)described methods of treatment for psychiatric disorders.: C

45. 45. Which of the following is a classification system of mental illness?

A) CP- 10

B) GPI

C) ECT

D) WRS-R

E)DSM-5: E

19 / 65

E)syndromes.: E

49. 49. Symptoms during the later stages of general paresis of the insane may show similarity to

A) bipolar disorder.

B) dementia.

C) antisocial personality disorder.

D) autism.

E)schizophrenia.: B

50. 50. What were some of the harmful side effects of ECT when it was first used?

A) patients experienced uncontrollable panic attacks during the procedure.

20 / 65

PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with Complete Solution, Exams of Psychology

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with Complete Solution and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

PSYC 2490 Final Exam Questions with

Complete Solution

1. 1. Your housemate has been overly concerned with keeping the kitchen clean. In fact, he scrubs the sinks and

A) American Medical Association's Treatment Manual (AMA-TM).

B) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5)

C) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Prob- lems (ICD-10).

D)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, sixth edition (DSM-6).

E)The North American Guide to Psychiatric Disorders (NAPD-IV).: B

2. 2. Psychopathology refers to

A) the same disorder as psychopathy.

B) disorders of the brain.

C) a physical cause to psychological problems.

D) only severe psychological disorders.

E)the study of the nature of psychological problems.: E

3. 3. According to the text, behaviour, speech or thought that impairs a person's ability to function in a way that is

A) mental illness

B) mental problem

C) brain pathology

D) psychological abnormality

E)psychological disorder: D

4. 4. According to Wakefield, a behaviour can be considered disordered when:

A) there is evidence of failure in a designed function and a judgment that the design failure is harming the

B)there is evidence of failure in a designed function and evidence of significant personal distress.

C) there is evidence of a failure in a designed function.

D)the behaviour shows strong statistical deviation from an established norm.: A

5. 5. Abnormal behaviour has been defined as behaviour that occurs infrequent- ly. Which of the following

A) People with IQs below 70 are considered to have abnormal intellectual functioning.

B) Most people get depressed from time to time.

C) Mathematical geniuses are considered rare in the population.

D) Children often believe in the existence of monsters.

C) a consideration that will often be relevant to defining abnormality

D) distinct from considerations of psychological abnormality

E)a distraction from considerations of abnormality: C

9. 9. Which one of the following combinations of principles has been used to define abnormality?

A) diagnosis by an expert, presence of personal distress, evidence of poor emotional control

B) presence of personal distress, delinquent activity, poor emotional control

C) violation of norms, abnormal intellectual functioning, presence of personal distress

D) infrequency, presence of personal distress, impaired functioning

E)psychiatric diagnosis, harmful dysfunction, abnormal intellectual function- ing: D

10. 10. Which is the most sensible way to logically combine the criteria used to define psychological

A) [infrequency OR personal distress] AND impaired functioning

B) [infrequency OR impaired functioning] AND personal distress

C) infrequency AND [personal distress OR impaired functioning]

D) infrequency AND personal distress AND impaired functioning

E)infrequency OR personal distress OR impaired functioning: C

11. 11. Changes in the way that abnormality has been viewed over time has resulted in

A) a clear understanding of the etiology of all mental disorders.

B) effective treatments for all disorders.

C) fewer diagnostic categories.

D) high reliability of all diagnoses.

E)a shift from supernatural to natural causes in explaining disorders.: E

12. 12. If you lived in a society that explained changes in the weather as being influenced by the gods,

A) schizophrenia.

B) demon possession.

C) brain dysfunction.

D) weakness of character.

E)irrational thoughts.: B

13. 13. What type of treatment was thought to be used by Stone Age people to treat madness?

A) religious chanting

B) death

C) herbal brews to poison evil spirits

D) trephination

D) separating the causes of madness into medical and magical causes.

E)his idea that psychological functioning resulted from disturbances of bodily fluids.: C

17. 17. According to Hippocrates, mental disorders should be treated by which one of the following?

A) exorcism

B) magical spells

C) trephination

D) healthy diet and exercise

E)food and water deprivation: D

18. 18. Hippocrates believed that psychological functioning was influenced by imbalances in bodily fluids.

A) blood

B) black bile

C) cerebrospinal fluid

D) yellow bile

E)phlegm: C