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Quiz - Equilibrium, Acids & Bases
Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
CONTENT REVIEW
____ 1. Chemical equilibrium exists when a. (^) no processes occur. b. two similar forward processes occur. c. (^) two opposing processes occur at different rates. d. (^) two opposing processes occur at the same rate.
____ 2. Any chemical reaction in which the products can regenerate the reactants is called a(n) a. (^) double-replacement reaction. c. (^) reversible reaction. b. (^) single-replacement reaction. d. (^) irreversible reaction.
____ 3. What symbol is used to indicate a reversible reaction? a. c. (^) R b. d. (^) ∆
____ 4. What is the general relationship between the concentration and the rate of a forward reaction? a. (^) Rate is greater when product concentration is greater. b. (^) Rate is greater when reactant concentration is greater. c. (^) Rate is greater when reactant concentration is lower. d. (^) No relationship exists between concentration and rate.
____ 5. What symbol is used to denote concentration? a. (^) ( ) c. (^) ∆ b. (^) [ ] d. (^) C
____ 6. At chemical equilibrium, which of the following is always true of the concentrations of reactants and products? a. (^) They are constant. c. (^) Reactant concentration is zero. b. (^) They are equal. d. (^) Product concentration is zero.
____ 7. What is the equilibrium constant for the general equation aA bB cC dD? a. c.
b. d.
____ 8. The symbol for the equilibrium constant is a. (^) C. c. (^) K eq. b. (^) K sp. d. (^) Q.
____ 9. The principle that relates changes imposed on equilibrium systems to equilibrium position is a. (^) Haber's law. c. (^) Le Chatelier's principle. b. (^) the law of chemical equilibrium. d. (^) Avogadro's principle.
____ 10. If a change in conditions is imposed on a system at equilibrium, the equilibrium position will always
a. (^) remain the same. b. shift to favor products. c. (^) shift to increase the change in conditions. d. (^) shift to reduce the change in conditions.
____ 11. What will happen when additional reactant is added to a system at equilibrium? a. (^) More products will form. b. (^) All the added reactants will change to products. c. (^) More products will change to reactants. d. (^) Nothing will occur.
____ 12. In the Arrhenius definition, an acid is a substance that a. (^) turns litmus paper from blue to red. b. (^) has a sour taste and neutralizes bases. c. (^) furnishes hydrogen ions in water solution. d. (^) furnishes hydroxide ions in water solution.
____ 13. Which of the following is produced from the neutralization of an Arrhenius acid with an Arrhenius base? a. (^) a metal c. (^) a salt b. an indicator d. depends on the acid and base
____ 14. In the Brønsted-Lowry definition, an acid is a substance that a. donates protons. c. neutralizes hydronium ions. b. (^) accepts protons. d. (^) forms a salt.
____ 15. The origin of the word acid relates to acids' taste, which is best described as a. (^) bitter. c. (^) sour. b. (^) sweet. d. (^) salty.
____ 16. The characteristic taste of bases is best described as a. (^) bitter. c. (^) sour. b. (^) sweet. d. (^) salty.
____ 17. A smooth, slippery feel is associated with a. (^) acids. c. (^) salts. b. (^) bases. d. (^) indicators.
____ 18. The reaction of acids with metals produces the gas a. (^) oxygen. c. (^) neon. b. (^) nitrogen. d. (^) hydrogen.
____ 19. Because acids and bases are conductors of electricity, they are referred to as a. (^) indicators. c. (^) insulators. b. (^) electrolytes. d. (^) capacitors.
____ 20. Substances that change color when added to acids or bases are called a. (^) indicators. c. (^) insulators. b. (^) electrolytes. d. (^) capacitors.
____ 21. The ionic compound formed in an acid-base neutralization reaction is a(n) a. (^) indicator. c. (^) hydroxide. b. (^) hydride. d. (^) salt.
____ 22. In a neutralization reaction, the individual properties of the acid and base a. (^) are destroyed. c. (^) become more basic.
Acid Reaction Ka (AT 25°C) hydrofluoric HF + H 2 O H 3 O+ + F–^ 6.6 10 – formic HCOOH + H 2 O H 3 O + HCOO–^ 1.8 10 – hydrocyanic HCN + H 2 O H 3 O + CN–^ 6.2 10 – hydrogen carbonate ion HCO 3 –^ + H 2 O H 3 O+^ + CO 3 2–^ 4.7 10 –
Figure 18-
____ 30. Identify the strongest acid in Figure 18-2. a. (^) HF c. (^) HCO 3 – b. (^) F–^ d. (^) CO 3 2–
Figure 18-
____ 31. In Figure 18-3, which substance is a binary acid? a. (^) substance a c. (^) substance c b. (^) substance b d. (^) substance d
____ 32. Which substance in Figure 18-3 is an oxy acid? a. (^) substance a c. (^) substance c b. (^) substance b d. (^) substance d
____ 33. Which substance in Figure 18-3 is the carboxylic acid? a. (^) substance a c. (^) substance c b. substance b d. substance d
____ 34. Which substance in Figure 18-3 has an acidic hydrogen? a. substance a only c. all of the above b. (^) substances a, b, and c d. (^) none of the above choices
____ 35. Which substance in Figure 18-3 would have the prefix “hydro” in its name? a. (^) substance a c. (^) substance c b. (^) substance b d. (^) substance d
PROBLEM SOLVING
Use the skills you have developed in this chapter to solve each problem.
- Write an equilibrium expression for the reaction 2 HCl ( g ) H 2 ( g ) + Cl 2 (g).
- What is the equilibrium expression for the reaction MgO ( s ) 2 Mg ( s ) + O 2 ( g )?
- Given the equation SO 3 ( g ) SO 2 ( g ) 1/2 O 2 ( g ) + heat, predict the direction of shift in the equilibrium position if: (a) SO 2 is added; (b) SO 3 removed; (c) pressure is decreased; (d) temperature is raised.
- Given the equation OF 2 ( g ) + H 2 O ( g ) O 2 ( g ) + 2 HF ( g ) + 318 kJ, predict the direction of shift in the equilibrium position if: (a) OF 2 is added; (b) H 2 O is removed; (c) pressure is increased; (d) temperature is lowered.
- In the acid-base forward reaction NH 4 +^ + OH–^ NH 3 + H 2 O, identify the acid and its conjugate base.
- In the acid-base forward reaction HF + H 2 O H 3 O+^ + F–, identify the base and its conjugate acid.
