Download Orthodontic Procedures: Placing and Removing Brackets, Ligatures, and Separators and more Exams Dentistry in PDF only on Docsity!
RDA Ortho
purpose of ligature ties? - hold archwire in place and are tied to the brackets the purpose of the bite place in a Hawley retainer is to: - open the vertical bite relationship, thus correcting an OVERBITE Use: brass wire or flexible mm ruler Lay the wire over the contact points of bicuspids and incisal edges of anterior teeth. Measurement is take from the mesial of the 1st molar to the mesial of the 1st molar of the opposite side. - Archwire Circumference Use: Use millimeter ruler to measure distance on bow divider and record Distance from cusp to cusp - Arch width materials needed for brass wire SEPARATORS: - howe pliers, locking hemostats, brass wire, wire cutters ( pin and ligature pliers) wire bending pliers, condenser or similar instrument. 3 most common types of separators: - kelsing springs (TP Springs) Brass wire elastic separators Elastic separators can cause problems if? -
they slip subgingivally, cause too much separation, interfere with normal occlusion, remain on the teeth after bands have been placed. materials needed for wire LIGATION: - archwire wire ligatures ligature pliers wire cutters ( pin & ligature cutters) Materials needed for elastic ortho separators: - elastic ortho separators separator forcepts scaler or explorer (for removal) steps to placing ortho bonded brackets: - 1)brackets are arranged in order 2)teeth are coronal polished to remove stains, pellicle, plaque 3)teeth are isolated using cotton rolls or cheeck retractors 4)posphoric acid solution (etch) is applied to the tooth for 20- 30 secs the rinsed 5)clear bonding agent is painted on teeth 6)composite material applied to the bracket and bonded to the tooth what does the bonding agent do when bonding brackets? - locks onto the tooth and then the composite sticks to boding agent what should be done with the twists when placing wire ligatures? and why? - cut about 3mm with pin and ligature cutters and tuck under the bracket corner, gingivally or interproximally to avoid irritation of lips and cheeks
one or more of the upper teeth or cusps are inside the lower teeth or cusps during occlusion - crossbite where is the separator placed? - around the tooth most common used separators? - elastic separators, brass wire separators, TP Springs ( Kelsing springs, Coil springs) determine the amount of space available for tooth movement in relationship to the nuber and size of teeth present - intra oral measurements where is the buccal tube and headgear tube located? - the most posterior tooth banded or bonded the purpose of a band? - to secure a bracket, buccal tube and or headgear tube to a tooth the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary 1st molar is mesial to the buccal groove of the mandibular 1st molar - distoclusion Class II Branch of dentistry which deals with the correction, interception, and prevention of maloccusions of the teeth and dental arches - orthodontics helix (coil spring) -
activating coill intra oral measurements consist of? - tooth size, arch width and circumference, overbite and overjet use: bow divider measure the distance from the tip of the cusp of the left cuspid to the tip of the cusp of the right cuspid - arch width arch length: - half of arch circumference use: brass wire or flexible mm ruler lay wire over contact point of bicuspids and incisal edges of anterior teeth measurement is is taken from mesial of 1st molar on the opposite side straighten the brass wire & measure the length on a ruler. * you can also use flexible ruler - arch circumference materials needed for intra oral or model measurements: - bow divider boley gauge pencil brass wire or flexible mm ruler materials needed for placement of elstic ligatures? - elastic ligtures elastic ligature pliers (locking hemostats) prepped archwire
1/1000 ths of an inch ligated: - held in place "tied" what are two ways to secure an archwire? - wire ligature ties or elastic ligature ties lower arch is? - concave self ligating brackets widely being used today. Brackets have a door type device that replaces the need for ties or elastics. - damon system ortho diagnostic aids are? - study models, photographs, intra oral measurements, cephlometric xray, panorex or full mouth, orthodontic bands and brackets are checked at each apt to see if? - they are loose or if they have any rough edges 2 types of retainers? - hawes (jackscrew, palatal expander) hawley retainers removable device which is used to retain (hold) teeth in place after active orthodontic tx is completed. Also used to create minor teeth movement instead of or in addition to banding - retainer where should steel spring separators and brass wire separators be disposed? -
sharps container how many times can you use steel spring or brass wire separators? - they are a one time use what way is the archwire bent after it is inserted into the buccal tube? - gingivally archwires only come in one shape: truth or false? - False wires come in various shapes for different purposes where is the bracket placed? - middle 1/3 of the crown of the tooth device which holds the archwire in place around the arch? - bracket thin sheet of metal which is cemented around a tooth - band method that uses the relationship of the maxillary and mandibular FIRST molars to define 3 broad classifications of malocclusion - edward angle method how and why is an archwire activated? - the archwire is "bent" by the orthodontist to cause movement of the teeth most widely accepted method for classifying malocclusion was developed by? -
luted: - cemented what is the most common way to place brackets no a days? - directly bonded to the tooth how many days prior to bonding are elastic, brass wire and TP separators placed? - 2 to 3 days upper and lower anteriors do not occlude leaving an open space between the maxillary and mandibular anteriors when the jaws are closed. *can be caused by thumb sucking or mouth breathing. - open bite why are ortho separators placed? - to open contacts to provide space for bands the hawes retainer is made up of how many pieces? - 2 pieces hawes retainer can be fixed and removable: true or false? - true different names for hawes retainer? - jackscrew, palata expander removal of bands is most easily accomplished with? - band removing pliers
it is necessary to remove bands after they have been? - -trial fitted -when loose band is located during tx -when tx is completed how are bands removed? - with band removing pliers soft side of the pliers is placed on occlusal surface of the tooth other side should catch the cervical edge of the band pliers are squeezed together and band is lifted free from the tooth. how are bands chosen? - measuring the mesio distal width of the tooth and choose a band the same size, place on tooth or pts study model. if band is right size continue to the next tooth elastic ortho separators can cause the teeth to? - -be sore -cause the accumulation of food dbris around the teeth archwire is held in place by inserting it in the? - buccal tube RDA may NOT bond brackets unless? - they hold a OAP license prepare teeth bonding: RDA or DA? - RDA what will the bonding agent do when placing brackets? -
twist they too tight as they might break phosphoric acid solution - etchant what forms of bonding agent are available? - light cured, self timed where is composite placed when placing bonded brackets? - on the back of each bracket for how long do you cure etch on a tooth when placing bonded brackets? - 20 -30 secs materials for seating of adjusted headgears & retainers? - mouth mirror and hand mirror what motion do you use when placing elastic separators? - seesaw motion what do separators do when they come in contact with saliva? - they expand and push teeth apart the mesio cusp of the maxillary 1st molar distal to the buccal groove of the mandibular 1st molar * a protrusive jaw the mesio cusp of the maxillary 1st molar distal to the buccal groove of the mandibular 1st molar * a protrusive jaw - mesiocclusion class III most common type of separators used today? -
elastic overbite procedure is measured vertical or horizontal? - vertical while twisting wire ligatures you should? - hold wire smooth while twisting and make sure neither the pliers or the wire impinges on soft tissue
- seat archwire into buccal tube and center at median line.
- push archwire into brackets gently making sure wire is completely seated into the brackets before ligation
- loop wire ligature over bracket and archwire fully engaging the wire around the bracket before ligating
- cross wire and cath in points of ligating plier
- wrap ligature on stabilizing knob of plier
- twist ligature clockwise
- remove plier cut twists to about 3mm and tuck under the bracket corner - placing brass wire ligatures steps for removal of elastic ligature? -
- using scaler hook the scaler under the loop of the elastic and lift off from each corner of the bracket to free the archwire
- continue around, removing each elastic ligature until the archwire is completely when taking off elastic ligatures care should be taken to? - -stabilize scaler so as to prevent slippage and injury to soft tissues -to see that all pieces
headgear facebow lower anteriors close too far in severe cases the lower incisors bite into the palate - closed bite type of cement used to cement bands? - -zinc phosphate -zinc oxy-phosphate -poly carboxylate -glass ionimer extend from the mandibular anteriors to the maxillary posteriors - Class III Elastics area where the 3 pieces of bone that make up the palate are joined together? - maxillary suture why is the pt told to adjust the hawes retainer each day? - this will cause the gradual separation of the maxillary boney suture by widening the arch the crossbite is corrected elastic ortho separators can cause problems if they? - -slip subgingivally -interfere with normal occlusion -cause too uch separation -remain on the teeth after the bands have been placed with teeth in centric position use a mili ruler to measure horizontal space between upper and lower anteriors -
overbite and overjet procedure measurement use: boley gauge measure the mesiodistal width of each tooth at the contact points record tooth measurements & the total of all the tooth widths in the arch - tooth size what instrument do you use to remove bands? - band removing pliers how do you select a band? - measuring mesio distal width if the tooth & choose band of the same size extend from the maxillary anteriors to the mandibular posteriors - class II elastics bonding procedures may not currently be performed by DA or RDA: true or false? - true when removing elastic separators you move them.....? - occlusally away from the gingival tissue to prevent injury to the tissue elastic separators may cause teeth to become? - -sore -accumulation of food debris around the tooth
- place an elastic separator on the tip of the separator forcpts and stretch the elastic through the contact point of the tooth with a seesaw motion.
- place one loop beneath the contact point and the other above and into the embrasure
-palate -floor of mouth -record vital sigsn and health history embrassure: - located on top of contact point acts as a natural spillway for food interdental papilla: - located under contact point -v shaped between teeth anug is caused by? - stress -poor nutrition -poor oral hygiene normal depth for sulcus is? - 2-3mm what is a periodontal pocket? - diseased sulcus enamel: - hardest structure in the human body -formed by ameloblasts does not degenerate itself dentin: - located below the enamel
-makes up th ebulk of the tooth -can be replaced and regenerated with odontoblasts cementum: - covers root portion of the tooth -formed by cells called cementoblasts pulp: - -caries the nerve of the tooth -contains blood and lymph supply for the tooth methods for inspection of the oral cavity? - palpation -percussion -visual -ausculation running together, blended -at some point joined - confluent where are the most common places for oral cancer? - underside of the tongue -lateral border of the tongue
