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RE-PLASTIC-CYCLE
ZERO DUMPSITES
By
Kenny brian odhiambo
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RE-PLASTIC-CYCLE:ZERO DUMPSITES, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Environmental Sociology
Re-plastic- cycle is a model for solid waste management and recycling consisting of a complete producer-consumer cycle. This model incorporates different pioneer garbage collection,disposal and recycling models into a rather sustainable hybrid environmental procedural model that aims at eliminating aspects of landfills and dumpsites. This approach completes of cycle of producer consumer chain ,tying all the nots into a rather rigid approach ensuring no redundancy through a “zero dumpsites” The model consists of two major phases; the first phase is effective garbage collection and disposal. the phase entails introduction of (at least) four separate bins at each settlement or housing unit. waste is placed in separate bins depending on their nature i.e plastic,glass,paper,fabric, organic waste etc. The model incorporates private and government owned garbage collection companies into a single unanimous system.
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2023/2024
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RE-PLASTIC-CYCLE
ZERO DUMPSITES
By
Kenny brian odhiambo
ABSTRACT
Re-plastic- cycle is a model for solid waste management and recycling consisting of a complete producer-consumer cycle. This model incorporates different pioneer garbage collection,disposal and recycling models into a rather sustainable hybrid environmental procedural model that aims at eliminating aspects of landfills and dumpsites. This approach completes of cycle of producer consumer chain ,tying all the nots into a rather rigid approach ensuring no redundancy through a “zero dumpsites”
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 ABSTRACT……………………………………………….……………………………………
Solid waste is an ongoing global issue that needs immediate intervention.Re-plastic cycle tries to offer solutions to these by eliminating dumpsites,landfills and any form garbage disposal habits that degrades the environment. The model consists of two major phases; the first phase is effective garbage collection and disposal. the phase entails introduction of (at least) four separate bins at each settlement or housing unit. waste is placed in separate bins depending on their nature i.e plastic,glass,paper,fabric, organic waste etc. The model incorporates private and government owned garbage collection companies into a single unanimous system. These already existing plants are to collect all kinds of wastes already sorted into different categories during disposal and take them to nearest recycling centres.
Once in the centre the waste is washed and treated. sorting also takes place at this juncture to come up with different waste quality. High demand materials are picked up by factories for recycling at this time.The rest are shredded into pieces and stored temporarily. Production begins by shredded particles are put through different processes to produce plastic bricks,tiles,sign posts,boards and road construction materials. these products of recycling would be placed in storage awaiting procurement and logistics to government and private investors in the fields of building and construction,civil engineering,trade among other institutions. When rate of disposal exceeds demand for finished goods, there will be special incinerators to do away with excess waste and “useless” materials in an eco-friendly way. When rate of recycling exceeds rate of disposal, wastes would be fetched from dumpsites such as Dandora in Nairobi. Within a statistical estimate of time-10years; there would be no dumpsites anywhere in the world. Metallic waste would be sold to affiliated industries just like glass whereas organic waste would be transformed into fortified animal feeds and also make fertilisers. The entire approach;both phases accounted for will consist of one recycling plant in an administrative region; e.g Nairobi, rift valley and Nyanza ,two or more garbage collection company and the consumer units such as houses and institutions. The rough budget for implementing this approach amounts to $22,000 per administrative region. assuming all financial requirements are met and sub- tasks achieved;it will generate a profit of approximately $35,750 through sales of its varied products. The plan require at least 3 months of implementation .it is an effective environmental conservation approach that would see masses of land occupied by dumpsites worldwide reclaimed and utilised for other economic purposes The approach is directly set to achieve sustainable development goal number 6,9,11,12,134,14, 15 and 17 directly and the rest through associative approach.
LITERATURE REVIEW
treatment plants for organic waste such as in-vessel compositors or anaerobic digestion cannot treat these wastes since they either disrupt the process or take too long. Previous attempts to manage and recycle these wastes haven't come any closer to sustainability in most countries. some states such as Westminster have had little breakthrough compared to others. India's smart waste management system which utilizes computer application or websites to collect waste effectively from homesteads faced major drawbacks such as high cost of implementation as they used 8-bin system everywhere,special trucks for transport of waste and the access to internet was key factor in their project. their major weakness was that ;the collected waste would still be dumped in landfills and unregulated landfills. Gjenge Makers Ltd based in Kenya set a great milestones by recycling plastic into bricks. the founder (Nzambi Matee) however is faced by limitations in her quest for environmental conservation. how is is environmental conservation if waste recycled is “selectively” picked for recycling and the rest are left in the dumpsites? the company gets materials directly from Dandora or buys already sort out waste.its satisfying that the company targets to recycle 50 tons of plastic yearly. However the approach is rather small scale and their impact on waste management is crippled by financial constraints and conflict of interest. These schools of thought and innovations has greatly contributed to the hybrid approach(Re plastic cycle) that not only is a compromise between economy and efficiency but also a fully-practical system of garbage collection,disposal and recycling that has great economic upside
Research has been done intensively in Nairobi and surrounding environs to find out the feasibility of of the approach.Nairobi has one of the largest dumpsites in terms of mass and size.in Kitengela a dumpsite ;Noonkopir seats right in the middle of a residential area (Cointreau-Levine, S., 1994) Dandora is the largest dumpsite in Kenya. some of the largest dumps are bigger than some towns.(CalRecovery, Inc., 2005:). Dandora has hospital,industrial and agricultural wastes lying on 30 acres of land. it receives 2000 tons of waste per day (Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017).) estimates indicate that for every 1kg of “ecobricked’ plastic, 3.1 kg of CO2 is saved. an ecobrick is a building block made from irrecyclable plastic. ecobricks can be used in all sorts of sustainable projects.
According to the corporate financial institute ,’’ a circular economy is an alternative to a linear economy which is based on a take -make-dispose method .The proponents of this economic model believe that it is a viable option to achieve high levels of sustainability without diminishing profitability of the business or reducing the number of available products and services chief editor,Fred Mugambi ,tax prism
The circular economic concept incorporated in this model would align every aspect of operating to the needs of modern consumer by anticipating , planning and managing demand to deliver consumer goods,and products meet consumer demands and develop new revenue streams by shrinking supply chain costs ,speeding time to profit ,shortening cycle times and minimising scrap and rework .It would deliver consistent high value services by establishing a repeatable process for service delivery while improving resource planning project management and billing. It would also give consumers the products,information and personalised experiences they want, harness real -time customer and point-of-sale insights and optimise
operations end to end .Last but not least this waste management and recycling model would respond to customer and supplier demand with flexible ,tightly integrated processes .improve the entire business from planning to inventory and supply chain management. This hither to unexplored approach should be given much consideration in a 21st century economy whereby climate change and environmental concerns continue to threaten the very core of our existence .Any critics and analysis this model maybe a subject of ,should consider precisely the factors aforementioned and the needs and the demands of the contemporary society as we struggle to serve mother earth.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There has been an increasing pollution on land , water bodies and the atmosphere due to uncontrolled dumping of solid wastes IMAGE MAY BE SUBJECT OF COPYRIGHT Current recycling methods and disposal techniques stand no chance because just like population growth;rate of production of plastics and other consumer goods increases geometrically in order to meet the needs of the growing population This renders the rate of recycling and management ;which increases arithmetically less effective.
PRIME CAUSES OF PLASTIC WASTE 1 .plastic is cheap and readily available and its use is widespread
- World population is growing so is urbanisation.
- We have a disposable mentality when it comes to plastic.
- Most plastic take over 400 years to fully decompose
- Marine shipping and fishing industries. Bio plastics are also dangerous and non compositional plastics Bio plastics or not,its still our responsibility to cut down on plastic consumption,whenever possible.
JUSTIFICATION AND SIGNIFICANCE
JUSTIFICATION There is need for sustainable living and pollution threatens the feasibility of sustainable development goals. Environmental conservation, solid waste management is a patent of these SDGs 17; linked directly to goal number 3,8,9,11,12 and 14 and indirectly to all other goals. This approach looks into practical ways of sustainable waste management to avoid future crisis leading to inhabitable planet.
IMAGES MAY BE SUBJECT OF COPYRIGHT
IMAGES MAY BE SUBJECT OF COPYRIGHT
ASSUMPTIONS
Just likie any other prospect,this model is anchored on a few assumption;
- Behaviour change can be moulded through motivation and reinforcement. People are more inclined to adopt proper waste disposal (in the designated bins) if they are made aware that the waste is gold in itself and this behaviour will be reinforced by giving them a token for every bin filled with only the waste meant for it.
- An increase in capital resource and number of these re-plastic cycle plants would lead to increase in rate of garbage recycling thus dumpsites would be completely eradicated in a decade.
- Each town or urban centre has at least one garbage collection company and a dumpsite
Waste generation initially decreases at the lowest income levels and then increases at a faster rate for incremental income changes at low income levels than at high income levels. The total quantity of waste generated in low-income countries is expected to increase by more than three times by 2050.
LIMITATIONS
A substantial amount of solid wastes have been there for many decades, soaked in water and greatly degraded to an extent that they cant be recycled. Their removal from the dumpsite would take an extra effort and very delicate measures.