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This lecture was delivered by Umar Faiz at Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad (PIEAS) for Softwarre Engineering course. It includes: Requirements, Engineering, Process, Objectives, Topics, Covered, Feasibility, Requirements, Definition
Typology: Slides
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Software Engineering
To describe the principal requirements engineering
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activities and their relationships
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To introduce techniques for requirements elicitationand analysis
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To describe requirements validation and the role ofrequirements reviews
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To discuss the role of requirements management in
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support of other requirements engineeringprocessesp
Definition:– Establishing what the customer requires from a
software system.
what is to be done
” is elicited,
modeled and communicated. This process has todeal with different viewpoints, and it uses acombination of methods, tools and actors. Theproduct of this process is a model, from which adocument, usually a requirements definition isproduced [1].
[1] Leite, J.C.S.P, Freeman, P. A.
Requirements Validation Through Viewpoint
Resolution IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering: Vol
. 17, N. 1, pp: 1253 -- 1269,
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, pp
,
(1991). Extreme Requirements (XR) 13
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The processes used for requirement engineering
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vary widely depending on
Re
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ne ts
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Re
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n
Application
domain
Problem to be
solved
Stakeholderneeds and
Businesscontext
needs andconstraints
context
Why Requirements Engineering important?– Serves as a standard against which verify and
validate.
estimation (cost, personnel, skill, equipment, ..).
The processes used for RE vary widely depending onth
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the application domain, the people involved and theorganisation developing the requirements.
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There are a number of generic activities common toall processes– Requirements elicitation– Requirements analysis
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Requirements management
A feasibility study decides whether or not the
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proposed system is worthwhile.
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A short focused study that checks– If the system contributes to organisational
objectives
technology and within budget
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that are usedthat are used
What is Elicitation?– Process of identifying needs– Involves social, communicative issues and
Technical issues
g
find out about the application domain, the servicesthat the system should provide and the system’s
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p
y
operational constraints.
May involve end-users, managers, engineersinvolved in maintenance, domain experts, tradeunions etc These are called stakeholdersunions, etc. These are called stakeholders.
What
is
your
need
I need a system thatI^
need
a
system
that
works
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d
Robust
and
respond
to
my
wishes
Requirements Elicitation Process
processes and different organisations use differentprocesses.
covers many of these different processes is givennext
The Requirements Elicitation Process
Business
Establish objectives
Understand background
Organisational
Stakeholder Organise knowledge
Stakeholder Collect requirements
Business
goals
Organisational
structure
Stakeholderidentification
Goal
Stakeholderrequirements
Domain
Problem to be
solved
Application
domain
Goal prioritisation
Domain
Domain requirements
Systemconstraints
Existingsystems
Domainknowledgefiltering
Organisationalrequirements
Four critical activities– Knowledge organisation
collected in the previous stage must be organised andcollated. S
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i
requirements.
Specific elicitation techniques– Documentation– Interviews– Questionnaires– Scenarios
Scenarios