Challenges in Wireless Biomedical Sensor Networks: Smart Sensor and Microsystems Design, Slides of Computer Fundamentals

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Research Challenges in Wireless

Networks of Biomedical Sensors

“Typical” Future Sensor Node

• Matchbox Size

• Battery Powered

• Power-conserving processor – 100’s of MHz

• 10’s of MB of program and data memory

• Radio modem using TDMA

• Capable of running a scaled down version of

Palm OS or Windows CE

Biomedical Sensors are Unique!

• Limited Computation and Data Storage

• Ultra Low Power Consumption

• Wireless Communication

• Continuous Operation

• Inaccessibility

• Bio-Compatibility – Material Constraints

• Robustness and Fault Tolerance

• Secure Data Communications

• Regulatory Requirements

Example Applications

• Glucose Level Monitor

• Transplant Organ Viability Monitor

• Blood Monitor

• Retinal and Cortical Prosthesis

• Cancer Detection/Monitor

• Health Monitor

Data Processing and Communication

Smart Sensor Retinal Interface

Research Approach

• Optimize across protocol layers

• Organize communication among sensor nodes

• Develop application-specific solutions

• Take advantage of biomedical sensor features

– fixed topology, pre-defined communication

and known membership

• Generalize these solutions

Research on Fixed Topologies

• Vary # of Neighbors

• Trade-offs Exist

– Number of Hops

– Number of Receivers

– Amount of Contention

• Evaluate Power Usage

• Test Power-Aware

Routing

Research Objectives

• Strict Power Management

• Efficient Wireless Spectrum Use

• Scalability – Support as Many Sensing

Elements as Possible

• Support Diagnostic Functionality

• Standardize Design with Other Research

Groups

Smart Sensors and Integrated Devices

Materials Development

Device Development and Prototyping

Electronic Integration Design

Hybrid Technology and Packaging

Device Characterization, Testing, and Evaluation

Materials Characterization (Microstructure, optical, electrical)

Materials Simulation, Device Simulation, Design, and Testing

Materials Processing (Special lithography and device fabrication development)

Device Simulation Design and Testing

Data Communications and Interface Design

VLSI Circuit Development Intelligent system Design and Development (Neuronet, logic)

Multidisciplinary Research