Lecture Worksheet #17: Probability and Combinatorics - Prof. Thomas Reiland, Study notes of Statistics

A series of problems related to probability and combinatorics. The problems involve calculating probabilities of events based on given data, determining if events are disjoint, and finding the number of possibilities for certain scenarios. The document also includes a problem about social security numbers and a discussion about pizza toppings and their combinations.

Typology: Study notes

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 03/10/2009

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ST 101 ReilandLECTURE WORKSHEET #17
Name
1. A survey of local car dealers revealed that 64% of all cars sold last month had CD players, 28%
had alarm systems, and 22% had both CD players and alarm systems.
a. What is the probability that one of these cars selected at random had neither a CD player nor
an alarm system?
b. What is the probability that a car had a CD player unprotected by an alarm system?
c. Are having a CD player and an alarm system disjoint events?
2. A survey of an introductory statistics class in a previous semester asked students whether or not
they ate breakfast the morning of the survey. Results are as follows:
Yes No
Male 15 42 57
Female 22 37 59
37 79 116
Breakfast Total
Gender Total
a. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is a female?
b. What is the probability that a randomly selected student ate breakfast?
c. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is female and ate breakfast?
d. Given that a selected student is female, what is the probability that the student ate breakfast?
e. Given that a selected student ate breakfast, what is the probability that the student is female?
f. Does it appear that whether or not a student ate breakfast is independent of the student's
gender?
3. A typical social security number is 575-38-4444. How many social security numbers are
possible? How many social security numbers are possible if the first digit cannot be zero?
4. At they advertise that you can haveWendy's Old Fashioned Hamburgers,
hamburgers 256 ways. If they offer catsup, onion, mustard, pickles, lettuce,
tomato, mayonnaise, and relish, is their claim correct?
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Download Lecture Worksheet #17: Probability and Combinatorics - Prof. Thomas Reiland and more Study notes Statistics in PDF only on Docsity!

ST 101 LECTURE WORKSHEET #17 Reiland

Name

  1. A survey of local car dealers revealed that 64% of all cars sold last month had CD players, 28% had alarm systems, and 22% had both CD players and alarm systems. a. What is the probability that one of these cars selected at random had neither a CD player nor an alarm system?

b. What is the probability that a car had a CD player unprotected by an alarm system?

c. Are having a CD player and an alarm system disjoint events?

  1. A survey of an introductory statistics class in a previous semester asked students whether or not they ate breakfast the morning of the survey. Results are as follows:

Yes No Male 15 42 57 Female 22 37 59 37 79 116

Breakfast Total

Gender Total

a. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is a female?

b. What is the probability that a randomly selected student ate breakfast?

c. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is female and ate breakfast?

d. Given that a selected student is female, what is the probability that the student ate breakfast?

e. Given that a selected student ate breakfast, what is the probability that the student is female?

f. Does it appear that whether or not a student ate breakfast is independent of the student's gender?

  1. A typical social security number is 575-38-4444. How many social security numbers are possible? How many social security numbers are possible if the first digit cannot be zero?
  2. At Wendy's Old Fashioned Hamburgers, they advertise that you can have hamburgers 256 ways. If they offer catsup, onion, mustard, pickles, lettuce, tomato, mayonnaise, and relish, is their claim correct?

ST 101 Worksheet 17 page 2

LITTLE CAESER'S PIZZA PIZZA!!! (This aired on national television)

  1. Customer: So what's this new deal? Pizza chef: Two pizzas. Customer: [Towards four-year-old boy] Two pizzas. Write that down. Pizza chef: And on the two pizzas choose any toppings—up to five [from a list of 11 toppings] Older boy: Do you á Pizza chef: á have to pick the same toppings on each pizza? NO! Four-year-old math whiz: Then the possibilities are endless. Customer: What do you mean? Five plus five are ten. Math whiz: ( Scribble,scribble ) Actually, there are 1,048,576 possibilities. Customer: Ten was just a ballpark figure. Old man: You got that right, chump.

a. If you accept the facts of the advertisement (up to 5 toppings from a list of 11 toppings) and order one pizza per day, how many days can you order a different 5-topping pizza? (Does order make a difference here?)

b. Answer part a) if you order a 4-topping pizza each day.

c. How many days can you order a different 2-topping or 3-topping pizza?

d. (Incorrect analysis by Little Caesar's ). Jean Sherrod of Little Caeser's Enterprises, Inc. explained that in the advertisement they count a “pizza pizza!” order in which the first pizza is ham and the second pizza is pepperoni as different from an order where the first pizza is pepperoni and the second pizza is ham. So here's how the four-year-old math whiz determined that there were 1,048,576 “pizza pizza!” possibilities: (remember that you order up to5 toppings from 11 toppings)

"" G!^ ^ "" G"^ ^ "" G#^ ^ "" G$^ ^ "" G^ % ^ "" G&^ œ^ 1024; (1024)^ #œ1,048,576. Do you agree with their calculations? e. The actual number of possibilities is (^) " 024 G 1  (^) " 024 G 2 œ 1024  523,776 œ524,800. Think about it. Å Å choose 1 choose 2 topping comb. different and order twice topping comb.