Riemann Integral: Understanding the Concept and Calculation - Prof. E. R. Heal, Study notes of Mathematics

The concept of the riemann integral, a fundamental concept in calculus. It covers the definition of a riemann sum, the conditions for a function to be riemann integrable, and the notation used for the integral. Students will learn how to calculate riemann integrals and understand their significance.

Typology: Study notes

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 07/31/2009

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Riemann Integral:
Let
f
be a bounded function on [,]ab.
Let P: 01
... n
ax x x b=<<<= be a partition of [,]ab. The norm of the partition,
denoted P, is equal to 1
max{ : 1,2,... }
ii
x
xi n
−= .
1
For 1, 2, ... , let [ , ]
inn
incxx
=∈.
1
1
()( )
n
iii
i
f
cxx
=
is called a Riemann Sum for f over [a, b] .
The function f is said to be Riemann integrable on the interval [a, b] provided
1
01
lim ( ) ( )
n
iii
Pi
f
cxx L
=
−=
.
That is, for each 0
ε
>there exists 0
δ
> such that given any partition
P: 01
... n
ax x x b=<<<= with P
δ
<
, and given any choice
of 1
[ , ], 1, 2, ...
inn
cxxi n
∈=, it follows that
1
1
()( )
n
iii
i
fc x x L
=
−−<
.
Notation: The limit is usually denoted by ()
b
a
f
xdx
.

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Riemann Integral:

Let f be a bounded function on [ ,a b ].

Let P: a = x 0 < x 1 < ... < xn = b be a partition of [ ,a b ]. The norm of the partition, denoted P , is equal to max{ xi − xi (^) − 1 : i = 1, 2, ... n}.

For i = 1, 2, ... , n let ci ∈ [ xn (^) − 1 , xn].

1 (^ ) (^1 )

n

∑i= f ci^ xi^ −xi^ − is called a^ Riemann Sum^ for^ f^ over [a,^ b].

The function f is said to be Riemann integrable on the interval [a, b] provided

lim 0 1 ( ) ( 1 )

n

P → ∑i=^ f ci^ xi^ −^ xi^ − = L.

That is, for each ε > 0 there exists δ > 0 such that given any partition

P: a = x 0 < x 1 < ... < xn = b with P < δ, and given any choice

of ci ∈ [ xn (^) − 1 , xn ] , i = 1, 2, ...n, it follows that

1 (^ ) (^1 )

n

∑i= f ci^ xi^ −^ xi^ − −^ L <^ ε.

Notation: The limit is usually denoted by ( )

b

∫a f^ x dx.