Russian Response - The Post World War - Lecture Notes, Study notes of History

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Russian Response to 911 & Chechenya “Terrorism”

Key Terms: The Greek Plan, Franco-German-Russian Alliance, NATO, Ethnic Determination, Perestroika, Glasnost, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Key Wars: Soviet-Afghanistan War, Kosovo Civil War, Moscow Theatre Attack Key Persons: Catherine the Great, Stalin, Brezhnev, Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin, Vladimir Putin, Dudayev Key Places: USSR, Russia, Moscow, Chechenya, Grozny, Caucasus, Afghanistan, Kosovo, Yugoslavia, 5 Central Asian Republics I. Introduction: Russia – the Agony of Downgrading  Glorious Days of Romanov Russia (1613-1917): Peter, Catherine & Nicholas  The USSR (1917-1991): from a Superpower to Dissolution  The Russian Federation: Internal Turmoil + External Bandwagon  Nostalgic Politics and Putin’s Mission Impossible

II. Chechenya: Russia’s Nightmare – the 3 Great Disasters in its History:  The “Greek Plan” of Catherine the Great  The Soviet Annexation and the Siberian Exodus  Soviet Dissolution, Chechenya Independence, Russo-Chechen War

III. Immediate Russian Reaction at 911  “Putin’s Opportunity”:  External Opportunity: Revival of Superpower Status?  Internal Opportunity: “Russo-American Alliance” Vs Chechenya?  Russia’s Responsibility: Band C Member, and the Afghan Experience  The Opportunity Costs:  External Opportunity Cost: Encirclement, Loss of Backyard?  Internal Opportunity Cost: Precedence of American Endorsement?  Cutting the Cost: the Franco-German-Russian Alliance

IV. Success or Failure: Case-study of Moscow Theatre Attack (25 Oct 2002)  The Message of Success:  International Rally Vs Previous Humanitarian Arguments  American Backup Vs CIA’s Connection with Chechenya  The Message of Failure:  The Continuation American Appearance in Central Asia  Irony of the American Offer of Help – Back to the USSR?

V. Conclusion: Double Standard, Mutual-terrorism & Concerted Terrorism  The Double Standard on the Russo-Chechen Conflict:  Pre-911: “Russian Suppression of Ethnic Determination”   Post-911: “Chechen Terrorist Attack on Russia”  Mutual-terrorism between Russia and Chechenya  Convergence of Worldwide Terrorisms?  Rationales behind America’s Diplomatic Revolution  Towards the Passively Concerted Global Terrorism

Question: (1) Why did Russia support the American counter-terrorism? (2) Would Russia change its foreign policy again after the Iraqi Crisis? Main Text: Bridget Kendall: “Putin’s Opportunity.” The Day That Shock the World: Understanding September 11th. Ed. Jenny Baxter and Malcolm Downing. London: BBC, 2001. P.159-174. Supplementary Text: Russell, John. “Options for Chechenya in the Post-September 11 World.” PSA Specialist Group on Communist and Post-Communist Politics, Annual Conference. June 2002.

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