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Keating's Redfern Speech & Atwood's Spotty-Handed: Emotional Engagement & Social Change, Assignments of Rhetoric

University of Sydney (US)Rhetoric

A critical analysis of two speeches: paul keating's redfern speech (1992) and margaret atwood's spotty-handed villainous (1994). The analysis explores how these speeches use powerful rhetoric tools to provoke emotions and challenge societal issues. Keating's speech aims to bridge the gap between indigenous australians and the rest of the population, while atwood's speech explores the inaccurate depiction of women in literature. Both speeches aim to inform, challenge, and persuade their audiences.

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HSC English – Advanced – MODULE B - Critical Study of Texts – Sample Essays –
Speeches - Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech (1992) and Margaret Atwood’s Spotty-Handed
Villainous (1994)
Page 1 of 3
“Great speeches should lift the heart and engage the intellect”. Do you agree? Refer to at
least TWO of the speeches set for study.
It is axiomatic that the ability of a speech to rouse emotions and uncover controversial
issues within modern society will determine its impact and enduring value. Both Paul
Keating’s Redfern Speech (1992) and Margaret Atwood’s Spotty-Handed Villainous (1994)
utilises powerful rhetoric tools to epitomise this notion. The Former Australian Prime
Minister, Paul Keating attempts to provoke a transformed interpretation of Australian
history to re-identify the nation as deeply connected with Indigenous Australians. Likewise
Atwood explores inequality but with the purpose of promulgating inaccurate depictions of
women in literature. Both speeches are proffered with the intention of informing,
challenging and to an extent persuading, their contrasting audiences.
Paul Keating promotes an attitudinal and emotional shift towards Australian history and the
Indigenous population through the delivery of his speech in Redfern Park. The intentional
choice of location to encompass a high indigenous population highlights Keating’s attempt
to bridge the gap between the unjust past and a reconciled future, “Redfern is a good place
to contemplate these things”. By recognising the location and its significance in the
exordium, Keating provokes thought within his audience and encourages a shift in
perspective subsequent to his deliverance. The Short sentence additionally creates
conceptual cohesion by initially providing insight into Keating’s purpose. The powerful
rhetoric device of tricolon further stresses his push for change to build a stronger nation,
“When we see improvement, when we see more dignity, more confidence, more
happiness…” Keating identifies the acceptance of Indigenous Australians with the positive
growth of the Australian nation to capture the principle message of his speech. Keating
demonstrates location as aiding in the enforcement and conferment of a speech’s core
message.
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Speeches - Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech (1992) and Margaret Atwood’s Spotty-Handed Villainous (1994)

“Great speeches should lift the heart and engage the intellect”. Do you agree? Refer to at least TWO of the speeches set for study.

It is axiomatic that the ability of a speech to rouse emotions and uncover controversial issues within modern society will determine its impact and enduring value. Both Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech (1992) and Margaret Atwood’s Spotty-Handed Villainous (1994) utilises powerful rhetoric tools to epitomise this notion. The Former Australian Prime Minister, Paul Keating attempts to provoke a transformed interpretation of Australian history to re-identify the nation as deeply connected with Indigenous Australians. Likewise Atwood explores inequality but with the purpose of promulgating inaccurate depictions of women in literature. Both speeches are proffered with the intention of informing, challenging and to an extent persuading, their contrasting audiences.

Paul Keating promotes an attitudinal and emotional shift towards Australian history and the Indigenous population through the delivery of his speech in Redfern Park. The intentional choice of location to encompass a high indigenous population highlights Keating’s attempt to bridge the gap between the unjust past and a reconciled future, “Redfern is a good place to contemplate these things”. By recognising the location and its significance in the exordium, Keating provokes thought within his audience and encourages a shift in perspective subsequent to his deliverance. The Short sentence additionally creates conceptual cohesion by initially providing insight into Keating’s purpose. The powerful rhetoric device of tricolon further stresses his push for change to build a stronger nation, “When we see improvement, when we see more dignity, more confidence, more happiness…” Keating identifies the acceptance of Indigenous Australians with the positive growth of the Australian nation to capture the principle message of his speech. Keating demonstrates location as aiding in the enforcement and conferment of a speech’s core message.

Speeches - Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech (1992) and Margaret Atwood’s Spotty-Handed Villainous (1994)

Keating furthermore resonates with a deep sense of compassion for the oppressed as he defines the Indigenous Australians dire history and takes ownership of the cause. The Former Prime Minister positions his audience by making a subtle accusation, “Australia once reached out for us. Didn’t Australia provide opportunity and care…?” The personification of Australia capitalises the rhetoric device, pathos, by enforcing patriotism, unity and a sense of respect for country within the audience. This in turn, accompanied with the rhetorical question, provokes guilt within individuals and encourages a new sense of empathy towards the original owners of the land. Keating additionally possesses a combination of inclusive and emotive language to further his argument. The use of anaphora, “We bought the diseases. The alcohol. We committed the murders”, in a cumulative list heightens the effect of aboriginal displacement caused by white settlement and further arouses Anglo- Australians to take ownership of the ‘failure’ and provoke change. Through stimulating an emotional response and by directly engaging with the audience, Keating promotes a shift in perspective on a topical issue in society.

Contrasting to Keating’s speech, Margaret Atwood interweaves her personal opinion to engage with her audience on an individual level and provide an entertaining insight into the inaccurate portrayal of women in literature. Atwood establishes the principles of her speech through recounting a personal anecdote in the exordium. She describes a day when her daughter and a friend put on a play in which they only ‘have breakfast’, “Shakespeare is not big on breakfast openings, but other playwrights of talent have not disdained them”. Atwood institutes incongruity by making an analytical recount of a simple, childhood event. By continually referencing the “breakfast opening” as a motif throughout her play, Atwood enriches her argument and enforces cohesion. Her personal and humorous tone reoccurs when embellishing her experience of watching ‘Snow White’ and discovering the ‘evil Queen’ character for the first time at a young age, “What power, what untold possibilities!” The exclamatory statement mesmerises her audience by ensnaring them with the possible power women can have. Atwood further subverts the fairytale by juxtaposing it with analytic stereotypes of women. Atwood engages with her audience on a personal level to amplify her argument and provoke an emotional response.