Scuba Diving Fundamentals, Exams of Water and Wastewater Engineering

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SSI Open Water Diver Final Exam with

correct answers

Which |of |the |statements |concerning |sound |transmission |underwater |is |incorrect? -A: |Sound |will |travel |farther |underwater |then |in |air | -B: |Divers |find |it |difficult |to |locate |the |direction |of |a |sound |producing |source -C: |Divers |find |it |easy |to |talk |to |each |other |directly |through |water | -D: |Sound |travels |four |times |faster |underwater |than |in |air |- |correct |answer-C The |absolute |pressure |expressed |in |terms |of |atmospheres |absolute |at | 33 |feet |in |sea |water |is: -A: | 2 |ata -B:1 |ata -C: | 4 |ata | -D: | 3 |ata |- |correct |answer-A The |condition |in |which |certain |colors |are |diminished |as |depth |increases |is |called: -A: |Refraction | -B: |Turbidity -C: |Diffusion -D: |Absorption |- |correct |answer-D Earplugs: | -A: |Aid |equalization |of |the |middle |of |the |ear | -B: |Protect |against |cold

-C: |Should |never |be |worn |while |diving | -D: |Protect |ears |from |squeeze |- |correct |answer-C Gauge |pressure |is |defined |as: -A: |Hydrostatic |pressure |minus | 1 |ata | -B: |The |pressure |at |the |surface -C: |The |depth |reading |on |a |gauge | -D: |Absolute |pressure |minus | 1 |ata |- |correct |answer-D Sinus |squeeze |can |be |prevented |by: -A: |Valsalva |technique | -B: |Wearing |earplugs | -C: |Tilting |the |divers |head |back |and |forth | -D: |Not |diving |with |a |cold |- |correct |answer-D The |event |that |led |to |the |use |of |the |acronym |SCUBA |to |describe |diving |was: Development |of |what |and |when? |- |correct |answer-Demand |regulator |in | 1943 Ear |squeeze |can |be |prevented |by | -A: |Relaxing | -B: |All |answers |are |correct -C: |Never |diving |with |a |cold -D: |rotating |the |jaw, |swallowing |or |Valsalva |- |correct |answer-B The |first |symptom |of |a |sinus |squeeze |is |usually:

-A: |a |dull |pain |deep |within |the |head | -B: |a |sharp |pain |at |the |base |of |the |neck | -C: |a |crushing |pain |high |in |the |chest -D: |a |sharp |pain |above |the |eyes |- |correct |answer-D If |you |experience |pain |in |the |ear |during |descent: -A: |Stop |the |descent |and |ascend |till |the |pain |stops -B: |abort |the |dive -C: |place |a |finger |in |the |ear |canal |and |gently |massage |the |ear |until |the |pain |ceases -D: |continue |the |descent |while |gently |exhaling |into |the |mask |- |correct |answer-A Body |heat |is |lost |at |a |rate |of |___ |than |air. |- |correct |answer-25-30 |times |faster Proper |equalization |techniques |must |be |learned |in |order |to: -A: |prevent |sinus |squeeze -B: |prevent |ear |pain -C: |prevent |squeeze |injuries -D: |all |answers |are |correct |- |correct |answer-D Salt |water |weighs |___ |pounds |per |cubic |foot |and |freshwater |weighs |___ |pounds |per |cubic |foot. |- | correct |answer-64/62. Underwater, |the |bending |of |light |rays |causes |objects |to |appear |to |be: |- |correct |answer-Closer The |purpose |of |equalization |is |to:

-A: |ensure |the |uneven |application |of |pressure |between |the |water |and |air |spaces |in |the |body -B: |prevent |water |from |entering |air |spaces |in |the |body | -C: |introduce |additional |air |into |body |air |spaces |in |response |to |increasing |external |pressure | -D: |remove |all |fluids |from |body |air |spaces |- |correct |answer-C One |atmosphere |of |pressure |is |defined |as | -A: | 1 |ata -B: |each |34ft |of |depth |in |freshwater -C: |each |33ft |of |depth |in |saltwater | -D: |all |answers |are |correct |- |correct |answer-D The |three |primary |features |to |look |for |in |a |quality |Exposure |System |are: |- |correct |answer- Thickness, |fit, |seam |integrity An |object |immersed |in |water |will |be |buoyed |upward |by |a |force |______ |to |the |weight |of |the | water |it |displaces. |- |correct |answer-equal A |high |pressure |scuba |cylinder |should |be |stored: -A: |secured |with |a |minimum |of | 500 |to | 750 |psi -B: |lying |flat |with |no |air -C: |with |the |valve |slightly |open |to |allow |air |expansion -D: |secured |with |the |valve |open |- |correct |answer-A The |most |efficient |breathing |pattern |for |scuba |diving |is: |- |correct |answer-Deep |inhale/exhale One |of |the |primary |factors |contributing |to |heat |loss |for |divers |is:

-A: |Absorption -B: |Convection -C: |Diffusion -D: |Refraction |- |correct |answer-B The |Information |System |components |are: A: |Dive |Computer B: |Analogue |Instruments C: |SSI |DiveLog D: |All |the |above |- |correct |answer-D The |purpose |of |a |BC |is |to: -A: |Provide |surface |floatation -B: |Maintain |neutral |buoyancy |during |the |dive -C: |Control |ascent |and |descent |rates -D: |all |answers |are |correct |- |correct |answer-D Which |of |the |following |Total |Diving |System |subsystems |best |describes |the |SCUBA? -A: |Delivery |system -B: |Buoyancy |system -C: |Information |system -D: |Snorkeling |system |- |correct |answer-A Under |the |SSI |Equipment |Service |Program, |your |Delivery |System |should |be |serviced |and | performance |checked:

-A: |every | 3 |years | -B: |every | 5 |years | -C: |every |month | -D: |every |year |- |correct |answer-D Assuming |a |consistent |air |consumption |rate, |diving |at |a |pressure |of | 4 |ata |will |use |__ |as |much |air | as |diving |at | 2 |ata. |- |correct |answer-2 |times During |normal |diving |activities, |divers |should |never |exceed |an |ascent |rate |of |__ |feet |per |minute. |- |correct |answer- A |scuba |tank |for |recreational |diving |should |be |filled |with: -A: |A |mixture |of |helium |and |oxygen -B: |Pure, |filtered |compressed |air |or |Nitrox -C: |A |mixture |of |hydrogen |and |oxygen -D: |pure |oxygen |- |correct |answer-B The |rate |at |which |the |body |becomes |saturated |with |nitrogen: -A: |will |vary |based |on |factors, |such |as |depth |and |blood |supply |to |a |particular |area |of |the |body | -B: |is |always |the |same |rate -C: |is |slower |at |the |beginning |of |the |process |and |faster |at |the |end |of |the |process -D: |is |faster |t |the |beginning |of |the |process |and |slower |at |the |end |of |the |process |- |correct | answer-A Haldanes |theory |that |the |human |body |can |withstand |a |2:1 |pressure |difference |was |revised |by |D | Workman |to |a |nitrogen |ratio |of: -A: |3:

-B: |1:

-C: |5:

-D: |1.58:1 |- |correct |answer-D If |a |flexible |air-filled |container |at | 100 |feet |of |sea |water |has |a |volume |of | 10 |cu |ft, |what |would |be | the |volume |if |it |were |transported |to |the |surface? -A: | 20 |cu |ft -B: | 15 |cu |ft -C: | 40 |cu |ft -D: | 30 |cu |ft |- |correct |answer-C The |transfer |of |oxygen |and |nitrogen |into |the |bloodstream |occurs |through |the |walls |of |the: -A: |Arteries -B: |Bronchiole |trees -C: |Alveoli -D: |Blood |vessels |- |correct |answer-C Which |of |the |following |would |be |inappropriate |treatment |for |a |diver |evidencing |symptoms |of | Decompression |Sickness? -A: |Giving |them |pure |oxygen | -B: |Taking |the |victim |back |underwater -C: |Giving |them |CPR -D: |Treat |for |shock |- |correct |answer-B The |most |serious |lung |over-expansion |injury |is:

-A: |Arterial |gas |Embolism -B: |Mediastinal |emphysema -C: |Pneumothorax -D: |Subcutaneous |emphysema |- |correct |answer-A The |term |gradient |can |be |described |as: |- |correct |answer-The |difference |between |the |internal | partial |pressure |and |the |external |partial |pressure |of |a |gas Which |of |the |following |overexpansion |injuries |can |be |characterized |by |chest |pain, |breathing | difficulties, |weakness, |and |cyanosis |(blueness) |of |the |lips |and |nail |beds: -A: |bends -B: |Subcutaneous |emphysema -C: |Mediastinal |emphysema |and |Pneumothorax -D: |Rupture |of |the |eardrum |- |correct |answer-C In |air |at | 1 |ata, |the |partial |pressure |of |nitrogen |is___, |oxygen |is_____. -A: |.21/.79 |ata -B: |1.5/.8 |ata -C: |.79/.21 |ata -D: |.8/.4 |ata |- |correct |answer-C Gas |can |enter |the |bloodstream |and |cause |serious |damage |to |the |lungs |or |even |death |by: -A: |ascending |to |fast | -B: |holding |your |breath |underwater -C: |diving |with |respiratory |congestion | -D: |all |answers |are |correct |- |correct |answer-D

The |term |No-decompression |Limit |is |defined |as: Maximum |time |at |_____ |without |having |to |perform |a |______ |decompression |stop |during |the | _____ |- |correct |answer-depth, |mandatory, |ascent To |use |a |compass |to |navigate |to |a |sighted |object: Point |the |compass |toward |the |object, |rotate |the |____ |until |the |____ |marks |are |over |the |magnetic |needle, |and |follow |the |____ |line. |- |correct |answer-bezel, |witness, |lubber A |dive |computer |keeps |track |of |a |diver's |nitrogen |absorption |levels |so |that |the |diver |can: -A: |Avoid |an |Arterial |gas |Embolism -B: |Stay |within |the |no |decompression |limits |on |each |dive | -C: |dive |deeper |than | 100 |feet -D: |Make |decompression |dives |- |correct |answer-B You |should |perform |a |safety |stop |at | 15 |feet |for | 3 |to | 5 |minutes |on |every |dive. True False |- |correct |answer-True What |is |a |surface |interval? The |amount |of |___ |the |diver |stays |____ |of |the |water |or |on |the |____ |_____ |dives |- |correct | answer-time, |out, |surface |between Residual |nitrogen |is |defined |as: |- |correct |answer-The |amount |of |excessive |nitrogen |dissolved |in |our |blood |stream |and |tissues |after |a |dive

Two |examples |of |hard |coral |are: -A: |fire |and |star -B: |elkhorn |and |staghorn -C: |sea |fan |and |brain | -D: |all |answers |are |correct |- |correct |answer-B More |than |___ |of |Earth's |oxygen |is |produced |by |marine |plants. |- |correct |answer-85% A |dependent |action |to |take |in |response |to |an |out |of |air |emergency |is: -A: |an |emergency |buoyant |ascent | -B: |sharing |air |using |the |primary |second |stage |and |using |the |alternate |air |source |yourself -C: |a |controlled |swimming |ascent -D: |all |answers |are |correct |- |correct |answer-B The |first |thing |you |should |do |if |you |observe |signs |of |panic |in |a |diver |at |the |surface |is: Completely |fill |your |__ |and |instruct |the |______ |diver |to |establish |_____ |buoyancy |- |correct | answer-BC, |panicked, |postitive To |achieve |the |SSI |Advanced |Open |Water |Diver |rating, |a |diver |is |required |to: |- |correct |answer- Complete | 4 |Specialty |Courses |and |log |a |total |of | 24 |dives In |a |deep |water |out |of |air |emergency, |and |your |buddy |is |not |close |enough, |the |best |response |to | this |emergency |is |to |perform |a |Controlled |Swimming |Ascent: True | False |- |correct |answer-False

To |achieve |the |SSI |Specialty |Diver |rating, |a |diver |is |required |to: |- |correct |answer-Complete |any | 2 | Speciality |courses |AND |Log |a |total |of | 12 |dives An |independent |action |to |take |in |response |to |an |out |of |air |emergency |is: -A: |controlled |swimming |ascent | -B: |ascent |with |alternate |air |source -C: |sharing |air |using |an |alternate |air |source | -D: |sharing |air |using |primary |second |stage |- |correct |answer-A To |achieve |the |SSI |Master |Diver |rating, |a |diver |is |required |to: |- |correct |answer-Be |certified |as |an | SSI |Advanced |Open |Water |Diver, |complete |the |SSI |Stress |and |Rescue |Specialty |Course, |and |log |a | total |of | 50 |dives