Measuring Respiration Rate in Germinating Peas, Dry Peas, and Worms, Essays (high school) of Anatomy

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No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City 1107, Philippines College of Nursing

LABORATORY REPORT:

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Alayon, Glyza Eunice F.

Chuidan, Michael Adrian M.

CON 1C

No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City 1107, Philippines College of Nursing BACKGROUND RESEARCH According to study.com (2020) Cellular respiration is the process by which cells in plants and animals break down sugar and turn it into energy, which is then used to perform work at the cellular level. The purpose of cellular respiration is simple: it provides cells with the energy they need to function. Cellular respiration is used to create usable energy from the foods that living things eat. It's important to know that the reactions involved in cellular respiration are catabolic, which they break down molecules into smaller ones. This differs from anabolic reactions, which build bigger molecules from smaller ones. Cellular Respiration Formula C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O There are three important stages of cellular respiration, and they are important to recognize. The first stage is glycolysis, the initial process by which glucose is converted into pyruvate. Next, there's the Krebs Cycle, which converts pyruvate into different metabolites and generates energy (ATP) by doing so. Lastly there is the electron transport chain, which uses ATP to move electrons down a membrane (and this generates even more energy). Moreover, this experiment would provide the rate of cellular respiration using respirometer. This process will also use KOH (potassium hydroxide) so that the presence of carbon dioxide will automatically be converted into solid. Measuring the rate of cellular respiration can either rely on measuring the amount of oxygen taken in, or the amount of carbon dioxide being released. PURPOSE To observe how cellular respiration occurs to measure the rate of cellular respiration. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM How is the rate of respiration measured and how does cellular respiration relate to it? HYPOTHESIS Germinating seeds will show a greater rate BACKGROUND RESEARCH respiration than control glass beads.

No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City 1107, Philippines College of Nursing Figure 1 (Respirometer for measuring O2) For the structure and layout: It contains a glass jar for storing the trails, It has weights at the bottom so that the jars would sink at the bottom of the water. The bottom of the jar contains cotton, that cotton has been smeared with Potassium Hydroxide(KOH) and at the top of that, it contains dry non-absorbent cotton. What potassium Hydroxide does is if it’s ever in the presence of carbon dioxide, It will convert that into a solid. In other words, if the researcher were to put peas inside the jar, they would take in oxygen BUT it will produce an equal amount of Carbon Dioxide(Co2). Next is it has a straw or “Pipet” and a seal at the top. At the pipet is actually where the researcher will measure the rate of respiration. Air bubbles would enter the pipet and it should go in further and further. There are going to be 3 jars, one for the Beads, and one for the Peas. And it is going to be tested in a bucket or any resin where the Respiromiters are going to be submerged. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION To start off first, we are going to discuss the experiment and the process. The experiment revolved around the Respiromiter. There will be germinating peas and non- germinating peas, As well as worms. There is also the glass beads as a control variable.

No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City 1107, Philippines College of Nursing During the Equilbriation period, The experiment started with 1 min mark, together with 10, 15, and 20. To measure the respiration rate, it will have to depend on the air pockets on the pipette depending on the time (1, 5 , 10, 15 min). There will be 4 jars: 1 for germinating peas, 1 for non- germinating, 1 for glass beads, and 1 for worms. From the video, The experiment revealed that the Germinating seeds exhibit more traces of respiration. The experiment data showed that it used the amount of O2 (oxygen) to measure how much respiration it got from each trials. (See figure 1.1) NOTE: that the Glass Beads was included but was not prioritized since it is just a control variable. Figure 2 (the trials for G.peas, D.peas, Worm) As the the line graph from figure 1 showed: Germinating peas (Blue line) showed more traces and variables with regards to showing respiration, Whilst the Worm (Yellow line) and the Dry peas (Green lIne) adhere less results in respiration. Points were measured across the trials per time (0, 5 ,10,15, 20 mins) and from those points lines connect. The researchers measure oxygen(O2) in measuring the respiration rate. Researcher used the air bubbles from the pipettes and used the consumed oxygen per ml.