Six Essential Nutrients, Lecture notes of Nutrition

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! To give our body energy to grow, repair

itself, and to function properly

! Hunger! "#$%&'#(")*&+,-$%,.&,+(&

physical need for food (inborn)

! Appetite! your desire for certain foods

! Food ads are everywhere

! Majority of food ads are for deserts, snacks,

and soft drinks

! Ads are strategically placed to reach their

target audience

! Many ads are misleading and use

persuasion to get you to buy their product,

much like many products on the market

! Proteins

! Carbohydrates

! Fats

! Vitamins

! Minerals

! Water

! Definition:

! Nutrient that is the main source of energy for the body

! Two types:

! Simple Carbohydrates! Sugars that enter the bloodstream rapidly and provide quick energy ! Examples! Candy, sweets, soda, fruits, and honey

! Complex Carbohydrates! Starches and Fibers ! Examples! Grains, pasta, vegetables, potatoes, and beans ! Starch! provide long-lasting energy. Eventually turned into glucose. ! Fiber! part of grains and plant foods that cannot be digested. Helps with digestive system ! 55-65 % of daily calories come from complex carbohydrates

! Definition: ! A nutrient that provides energy and helps the body store and use vitamins

! Saturated Fat ! Type of fat found in dairy products, solid vegetable fat, and meat and poultry

! Unsaturated Fat ! A type of fat obtained from plant products and fish

! Trans-fatty Acids ! Fatty acids that are formed when vegetable oils are processed into solid fats, such as margarine or shortening

! Vitamin A ! Keeps eyes, hair, and skin healthy and can be found in dairy products, fruits, and green and yellow vegetables

! Vitamin D ! Aids in formation of bones and teeth; found in meat and dairy products

! Vitamin E ! Helps form and maintain cells; found in green vegetables and whole- grain cereals

! Vitamin K ! Necessary for normal blood clotting; found in leafy, green vegetables and cheese

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! Definition: ! A nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions In the body

! Macro minerals ! Minerals that are required in amounts greater than 100 mg ! Examples: Calcium and Sodium

! Trace minerals ! Minerals that are need in very small amounts ! Examples: Iron and Zinc

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! Food Pyramid was updated after 12 years

to reflect new dietary guidelines to balance

food intake and physical activity

! Same food groups, but different for every

person

! Steps are added on the side to remind

people of getting physical activity

! Obsessed with being thin, when they look

in the mirror, they see themselves as

having more weight

! Sometimes obsessed with exercising

! May deny at when they are confronted

! Life-threatening disease that requires

physicians, dietitian, and mental-health

professionals to treat disease