Social Stratification: A Sociological Perspective on Inequality, Slides of Social Psychology

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Social

Stratification

JONATHAN MICAH G. ESPIRITU

LET ME PUT YOU

IN A TIGHT SPOT

Put yourselves in a principal’s situation:

Your esteemed Values teacher, will retire

next school year and you are now on the

hunt for a quality replacement.

Fortunately, you have two qualified

applicants.

Here are their credentials:

Applicant B

GOOD TRAITS

• Has an existing teaching license, a master’s

degree, and a doctorate degree

• True blue-blooded (Attended the Ateneo from

pre-school to graduate school)

• Came from a very supportive and known

family.

NOT SO GOOD TRAITS

• Pampered
• Believes that since he came from a top school, he

should be given above entry-level salary

• First job ever

Social Stratification

A system by which a

society ranks categories

of people in a hierarchy.

Horizontal Mobility

Horizontal mobility refers to switching from one position to

another without a change in social status.

In order words, it's when we change our positions within our

same level of social status, and we do not move up or down the

social hierarchy.

For example, Jojo changed his work position from a provincial third-

grade teacher to a city first-grade teacher, but his social status

remained the same.

Horizontal Mobility

Our social status refers to our rank in the social

hierarchy and is based on several factors, including

our:

o

Occupation

o

Wealth

o

Achievement

o

Education

o

Race and ethnicity

o

Marital status

o

The way someone looks

The Caste

A caste system is social stratification based

on ascription or birth****.

Caste systems shape people’s lives in four

crucial ways:



Caste largely determines occupation.



Caste systems generally mandate

endogamy ( marrying within the limits of

the local community, clan, or tribe.)



Caste systems limit outgroup social

contacts. Social life is restricted to “own

kind.”



Powerful cultural/religious beliefs

underlie caste systems.

Caste systems are typical of agrarian societies

because the lifelong routines of agriculture

depend on a rigid sense of duty and discipline.

The Class

In a class system, social

stratification is based on both

birth and individual

achievement.

Industrial societies move towards

meritocracy, social stratification

based on personal merit.

The Class

The class system is a social

stratification based on both

birth and individual

achievement

Social mobility for people

with education and skills

All people gain equal

standing before the law.

Work involves some personal

choice.

Meritocracy: Based on

personal merit

Stratification persists because it is

backed up by an ideology , cultural

beliefs that justify

social stratification.

Why Does Stratification

persist?

Example:

“Papano ka makakahanap ng

trabaho niyan? Burdado ka ng

tattoos!”

Stratificati

on and

Interaction



Differences in social class

position can affect interaction.



People interact primarily with

others of similar social standing.



Conspicuous consumption

refers to buying and using

products because of the

"statement" they make about

social position.

Do you think Social

Stratification is

evil?

So why do we need to study social

stratifications?

As future school heads, we will face a multitude of people who come from different ethnicities, cultural back

grounds, social classes, religious beliefs, sexual preferences and others. As school heads, our role is to look pass

stigmas and biases and focus more on what our students can learn from us. Most of the time clinging on

stigmas, and believing that it is for the better or to imbue discipline; can inflict more hurt than help. We are

teachers and our role in society is to infuse people together. To serve as bridges. To be torches that can light the

darkest areas of ignorance.

We study stratifications to strategize plans to help the lowest of the low. To reach those people who were

neglected by society itself. We study stratifications so we can give a fighting chance – an opportunity - to those

who have nothing. Lastly, we study stratifications to give a silver lining to our communities even if we ourselves

are hurting and struggling.

When torn between choosing to do good and doing what is right; always choose good.

References

Adrian, M. (2022, May 19). What Does It Mean To Be In Middle Class In The Philippines? iMoney.Ph.

Retrieved August 23, 2022, from https://www.imoney.ph/articles/middle-class-sector-philippines/

Cole, Nicki Lisa, Ph.D. (2020, December 18). What Is Social Stratification, and Why Does It Matter?

Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-social-stratification-